Chapter 4: Diseases and Conditions of the Endocrine System: Etiology Flashcards
What is the etiology of Gigantism
anterior pituitary adenoma oversecretion of GH
What is the etiology of Acromegaly
pituitary adenoma in adults
What is the etiology of Hypopituitarism
pituitary tumor or hypothalamus tumor; damage to pituitary gland; ischemia to brain
What is the etiology of Dwarfism
cranial hemorrhage after birth; deficiency in growth-hormone-releasing hormone
What is the etiology of Diabetes Insipidus
posterior pituitary gland releases reduced amounts of ADH (Vasopressin)
What is the etiology of Simple Goiter
shortage of iodine in diet;
What is the etiology of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
unknown; hereditary pattern; autoimmune factors because antibodies appear to destroy thyroid tissue
What is the etiology of Grave’s Disease
unknown; autoimmune response; antibodies stimulate the hyperactivity
What is the etiology of Cretinism (Congenital Hypothyroidism)
error in fetal development may cause thyroid gland to fail to develop or function; enzyme absence
What is the etiology of Myxedmea
ability to synthesize T4 is impaired
What is the etiology of Thyroid Cancer
genetic basis for tumor susceptibility;
What is the etiology of Hyperparathyroidism
increased activity of thyroid gland; adenoma
What is the etiology of Hypoparathyroidism
surgical destruction of parathyroid glands; possibly genetic
What is the etiology of Cushing’s Syndrome
excessive levels of circuating cortisol can be caused by hyperplasia of adrenal glands; ACTH increase from pituitary
What is the etiology of Addison’s Disease
reduction in hormones; autoimmune; secondary to hypopituitarism
What is the etiology of Diabetes Mellitus
familial but may be acquired; metabolic abnormalities;
What is the etiology of Gestational Diabetes
increased destruction of insulin by the placenta
What is the etiology of Hypoglycemia
insulin overdosage in diabetics
What is the etiology of Precocious Puberty in Boys
Idiopathic-genitcally?; hypothalamic neoplasia cause excessive secretion of gonadotropin
What is the etiology of Precocious Puberty in Girls
idiopathic;intracranial tumors, encephalopathy
