Chapter 8: Diseases and Conditions of the Digestive System: Etiology Flashcards
What is the etiology of Missing Teeth
loss from decay; periodontal disease; congenital
What is the etiology of Impacted Third Molars
not enough room to erupt
What is the etiology of Dental Caries
cavity-causing bacteria in the mouht break down the sugars found in foods, this acid erodes the calcium in the tooth’s enamel
What is the etiology of Discolored Teeth
age; smoking; dead tooth; coffee; drugs
What is the etiology of Gingivitis
plaque; pocket to form betwen gum and teeth; vitamin deficiencies; many different conditions
What is the etiology of Periodontitis
plaque biofilm and unchecked gingivitis; poor personal hygiene
What is the etiology of Oral Tumors
unknown; tobacco use and other factors affect development
What is the etiology of Malocclusion
inherited from parents; early loss of primary teeth; thumb sucking
What is the etiology of Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Syndrome
unbalanced jaw activity caused by many conditions
What is the etiology of Tooth Abscesses
decayed or dying or when the tooth structure loss; receeding gums factor
What is the etiology of Mouth Ulcers
mechanical trauma, viral and bacterial infections
What is the etiology of Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores)
herpes-simplex virus type 1
What is the etiology of Thrush
fungus Candida Albicans
What is the etiology of Necrotizing Periodontal Disease
anaerobic opportunistic bacteria; poor hygiene
What is the etiology of Oral Leukoplakia
chronic, irritation, such as friction caused by habitual cheek biting
What is the etiology of Oral Cancer
squamous cell carcinomas; sun exposure; alcohol or tobacco
What is the etiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
overeating, pregnancy, or weight gain; relaxation of the lower espogeal sphincter;
What is the etiology of Esophageal Varices
increased pressure within the veins. venous return to liver is impeded
What is the etiology of Esophagitis
reflux of stomach acid contents to lower esophageal sphincter
What is the etiology of Esophageal Cancer
squamous cell carcinomas; GERD; Barrett’s Esophagus
What is the etiology of Gastric and Duodenal Peptic Ulcers
breakdown of mucous membrane precipitates ulceration
What is the etiology of Gastritis
inflammation associated with H. pylori
What is the etiology of Gastric Cancer
H. pylori
What is the etiology of Acute Appendicitis
lymphoid hyperplasia; unknown cause overall
What is the etiology of Hiatal Hernia
congenital defect in the diaphragm or a weakness that develops in the diaphragm
What is the etiology of Abdominal Hernia
abnormal opening develops in a weak area or a congenital area
What is the etiology of Crohn’s Disease (Regional Enteritis)
researched but unknown
What is the etiology of Ulcerative Colitis
runs in family; unknown cause
What is the etiology of Gastroenteritis
ingestion of disease causing bacteria
What is the etiology of Intestinal Obstruction
mechanical blockage by many different things
What is the etiology of Diverticulosis (Diverticular Disease)
not clear; diet possibly
What is the etiology of Diverticulitis
diverticular become inflammed
What is the etiology of Colorectal Cancer
genetic disorder; age is risk factor
What is the etiology of Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis
use of broad-spectrum antibiotics; Clostridium difficile
What is the etiology of Short-Bowel Syndrome
functioning small bowel is altered significantly by disease or surgery
What is the etiology of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
cause is unknown
What is the etiology of Peritonitis
primary infection caused by blood-borne organisms originating in the GI tract
What is the etiology of Hemorrhoids
veins in the rectal and anal area become varicose, swollen, and tender as a result of blockage
What is the etiology of Cirrhosis of the Liver
chronic alcoholism
What is the etiology of Hepatitis A
transmitted by fecal-oral route from contaminated food, water, and stool
What is the etiology of Hepatitis B
percutaneous and perimucosal routes; blood, semen, vaginal secretion, saliva
What is the etiology of Hepatitis C
blood and body fluids; transfusions
What is the etiology of Cancer of the Liver
hepatocelular carcinoma; hepatitis B infection
What is the etiology of Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)
insoluble cholesterol and bile salts; not always clear
What is the etiology of Cholecystitis
result from an obstruction of the biliary duct caused by gallstones
What is the etiology of Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis
escape of activated pancreatic enzymes from acinar cells
What is the etiology of Pancreatic Cancer
risk factors include cigarette smoking, obesity, or diabetes. no specific cause
What is the etiology of Malnutrition
deficiency of protein in presence of adequate energy; not adequate food quantities
What is the etiology of Malabsorption Syndrome
defective mucosal cells in the small intestine
What is the etiology of Celiac Disease (Gluten Enteropathy)
toxic or immunologic reaction to a component of glutten
What is the etiology of Food Poisoning
poisoning from mushrooms, shellfish, food contaminated
What is the etiology of Anorexia Nervosa
unknown; family and social factors may precipitate the condition
What is the etiology of Bulimia Nervosa
unknown; family and social factors may precipitate the condition
What is the etiology of Motion Sickness
disturbance in the sense of balance; fluid in semicircular canals
