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PathMad > Chapter 8: Diseases and Conditions of the Digestive System: Etiology > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Diseases and Conditions of the Digestive System: Etiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the etiology of Missing Teeth

A

loss from decay; periodontal disease; congenital

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2
Q

What is the etiology of Impacted Third Molars

A

not enough room to erupt

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3
Q

What is the etiology of Dental Caries

A

cavity-causing bacteria in the mouht break down the sugars found in foods, this acid erodes the calcium in the tooth’s enamel

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4
Q

What is the etiology of Discolored Teeth

A

age; smoking; dead tooth; coffee; drugs

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5
Q

What is the etiology of Gingivitis

A

plaque; pocket to form betwen gum and teeth; vitamin deficiencies; many different conditions

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6
Q

What is the etiology of Periodontitis

A

plaque biofilm and unchecked gingivitis; poor personal hygiene

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7
Q

What is the etiology of Oral Tumors

A

unknown; tobacco use and other factors affect development

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8
Q

What is the etiology of Malocclusion

A

inherited from parents; early loss of primary teeth; thumb sucking

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9
Q

What is the etiology of Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Syndrome

A

unbalanced jaw activity caused by many conditions

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10
Q

What is the etiology of Tooth Abscesses

A

decayed or dying or when the tooth structure loss; receeding gums factor

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11
Q

What is the etiology of Mouth Ulcers

A

mechanical trauma, viral and bacterial infections

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12
Q

What is the etiology of Herpes Simplex (Cold Sores)

A

herpes-simplex virus type 1

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13
Q

What is the etiology of Thrush

A

fungus Candida Albicans

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14
Q

What is the etiology of Necrotizing Periodontal Disease

A

anaerobic opportunistic bacteria; poor hygiene

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15
Q

What is the etiology of Oral Leukoplakia

A

chronic, irritation, such as friction caused by habitual cheek biting

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16
Q

What is the etiology of Oral Cancer

A

squamous cell carcinomas; sun exposure; alcohol or tobacco

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17
Q

What is the etiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

A

overeating, pregnancy, or weight gain; relaxation of the lower espogeal sphincter;

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18
Q

What is the etiology of Esophageal Varices

A

increased pressure within the veins. venous return to liver is impeded

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19
Q

What is the etiology of Esophagitis

A

reflux of stomach acid contents to lower esophageal sphincter

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20
Q

What is the etiology of Esophageal Cancer

A

squamous cell carcinomas; GERD; Barrett’s Esophagus

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21
Q

What is the etiology of Gastric and Duodenal Peptic Ulcers

A

breakdown of mucous membrane precipitates ulceration

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22
Q

What is the etiology of Gastritis

A

inflammation associated with H. pylori

23
Q

What is the etiology of Gastric Cancer

A

H. pylori

24
Q

What is the etiology of Acute Appendicitis

A

lymphoid hyperplasia; unknown cause overall

25
Q

What is the etiology of Hiatal Hernia

A

congenital defect in the diaphragm or a weakness that develops in the diaphragm

26
Q

What is the etiology of Abdominal Hernia

A

abnormal opening develops in a weak area or a congenital area

27
Q

What is the etiology of Crohn’s Disease (Regional Enteritis)

A

researched but unknown

28
Q

What is the etiology of Ulcerative Colitis

A

runs in family; unknown cause

29
Q

What is the etiology of Gastroenteritis

A

ingestion of disease causing bacteria

30
Q

What is the etiology of Intestinal Obstruction

A

mechanical blockage by many different things

31
Q

What is the etiology of Diverticulosis (Diverticular Disease)

A

not clear; diet possibly

32
Q

What is the etiology of Diverticulitis

A

diverticular become inflammed

33
Q

What is the etiology of Colorectal Cancer

A

genetic disorder; age is risk factor

34
Q

What is the etiology of Pseudomembranous Enterocolitis

A

use of broad-spectrum antibiotics; Clostridium difficile

35
Q

What is the etiology of Short-Bowel Syndrome

A

functioning small bowel is altered significantly by disease or surgery

36
Q

What is the etiology of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

A

cause is unknown

37
Q

What is the etiology of Peritonitis

A

primary infection caused by blood-borne organisms originating in the GI tract

38
Q

What is the etiology of Hemorrhoids

A

veins in the rectal and anal area become varicose, swollen, and tender as a result of blockage

39
Q

What is the etiology of Cirrhosis of the Liver

A

chronic alcoholism

40
Q

What is the etiology of Hepatitis A

A

transmitted by fecal-oral route from contaminated food, water, and stool

41
Q

What is the etiology of Hepatitis B

A

percutaneous and perimucosal routes; blood, semen, vaginal secretion, saliva

42
Q

What is the etiology of Hepatitis C

A

blood and body fluids; transfusions

43
Q

What is the etiology of Cancer of the Liver

A

hepatocelular carcinoma; hepatitis B infection

44
Q

What is the etiology of Cholelithiasis (Gallstones)

A

insoluble cholesterol and bile salts; not always clear

45
Q

What is the etiology of Cholecystitis

A

result from an obstruction of the biliary duct caused by gallstones

46
Q

What is the etiology of Acute and Chronic Pancreatitis

A

escape of activated pancreatic enzymes from acinar cells

47
Q

What is the etiology of Pancreatic Cancer

A

risk factors include cigarette smoking, obesity, or diabetes. no specific cause

48
Q

What is the etiology of Malnutrition

A

deficiency of protein in presence of adequate energy; not adequate food quantities

49
Q

What is the etiology of Malabsorption Syndrome

A

defective mucosal cells in the small intestine

50
Q

What is the etiology of Celiac Disease (Gluten Enteropathy)

A

toxic or immunologic reaction to a component of glutten

51
Q

What is the etiology of Food Poisoning

A

poisoning from mushrooms, shellfish, food contaminated

52
Q

What is the etiology of Anorexia Nervosa

A

unknown; family and social factors may precipitate the condition

53
Q

What is the etiology of Bulimia Nervosa

A

unknown; family and social factors may precipitate the condition

54
Q

What is the etiology of Motion Sickness

A

disturbance in the sense of balance; fluid in semicircular canals

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