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PathMad > Chapter 2: Developmental, Congenital, and Childhood Diseases and Disorders: Treatment > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Developmental, Congenital, and Childhood Diseases and Disorders: Treatment Flashcards

1
Q

What is the treatment of Preterm Birth or Prematurity

A

IV fluids and hyperalimentation are necessary for growth and development; varies dending on age, weight, etc.

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2
Q

What is the treatment of Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome

A

supplemental oxygen; positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP); exogenous surfactant

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3
Q

What is the treatment of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

A

replace damaged alveoli; O2 therapy

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4
Q

What is the treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity

A

resolve without treatment; laser treatment if necessary

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5
Q

What is the treatment of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

A

NPO; IV fluids; antibiotics; surgical intervention

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6
Q

What is the treatment of Robinow Syndrome

A

no cure; addressing treatable conditions like dental abnormalities

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7
Q

What is the treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

A

beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers may be prescribed; ICD/pacemaker

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8
Q

What is the treatment of Down Syndrome

A

no cure; maximize the development of motor and mental skills

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9
Q

What is the treatment of Cerebral Palsy

A

no cure; reach optimal accomplishments

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10
Q

What is the treatment of Muscular Dystrophy

A

no cure; physical therapy, exercise, surgery, and orthopedic appliances minimize doformities and preserve abilities

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11
Q

What is the treatment of Spina Bifida Occulta

A

no intervention other than observation; look for signs of nervous system disorder

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12
Q

What is the treatment of Meningocele

A

surgical intervention to correct the defect in the first 24 to 48 hours of life

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13
Q

What is the treatment of Myelomeningocele

A

surgical intervention to correct the defect in the first 24 to 48 hours of life

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14
Q

What is the treatment of Hydrocephalus

A

surgical intervention to place shunt to drain off excessive CSF

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15
Q

What is the treatment of Anencephaly

A

no effective treatment; those who survive birth die shortly after

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16
Q

What is the treatment of Transposition of the Great Arteries

A

able to close septal defects and valve issues and repair blood vessels;

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17
Q

What is the treatment of Clubfoot (Talipes Equinovarus)

A

cast application or use of splints to turn feet back

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18
Q

What is the treatment of Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

A

use of devices to reduce hip dislocation

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19
Q

What is the treatment of Cleft Lip and Palate

A

repaired surgically

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20
Q

What is the treatment of Cryptorchidism (Undescended Testes)

A

orchiopexy; hormonal drug therapy

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21
Q

What is the treatment of Wilms’ Tumor

A

surgical removal of the tumor and accesible metastatic sites is followed by chemo

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22
Q

What is the treatment of Phimosis

A

circumcision

23
Q

What is the treatment of Congenital Pyloric Stenosis

A

surgical, constricted pylorus is incised

24
Q

What is the treatment of Hirschprung’s Disease (Congenital Aganglionic Megacolon)

A

affected bowel is excised, and the normal colon is joined to the anus; temporary colostomy

25
Q

What is the treatment of Cystic Fibrosis

A

supportive measures that help lead normal life

26
Q

What is the treatment of Phenylketonuria

A

phenylalanine-free diet that allows to grow with normal brain development

27
Q

What is the treatment of Klinefelter’s Syndrome

A

hormone replacement with testosterone

28
Q

What is the treatment of Turner’s Syndrome

A

estrogen and growth hormone therapy

29
Q

What is the treatment of Chickenpox (Varicella Zoster)

A

palliative to alleviate itching; virus naturally goes away; no aspirin given

30
Q

What is the treatment of Diptheria

A

diphtheria antitoxin is give; antibiotics

31
Q

What is the treatment of Mumps (Epidemic Parotitis)

A

Acetaminophen is given, warm or cold compresses are applied

32
Q

What is the treatment of Pertussis (Whooping Cough)

A

Erythromycin antibiotic; increase fluid hydration; nutritious diet

33
Q

What is the treatment of Measles (Rubeola)

A

acetaminophen for fever; wait out virus

34
Q

What is the treatment of (German Measles, Three-Day Measles)

A

mild analgesics; isolated until rash disappears

35
Q

What is the treatment of Tetanus

A

sedative and muscle relaxants; booster injection of tetanus toxoid

36
Q

What is the treatment of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

A

resuscitation attempts fail; not predictable or preventable; sleep in prone position for baby

37
Q

What is the treatment of Croup

A

antipyretic agents; treated symptomatically

38
Q

What is the treatment of Epiglotitis

A

if airway obstruction hospitalized and ICU; tracheostomy or endotracheal intubation; antibiotics

39
Q

What is the treatment of Acute Tonsillitis

A

test for group A streptococci, 10-day penicillin

40
Q

What is the treatment of Adenoid Hyperplasia

A

adenoidectomy

41
Q

What is the treatment of Asthma

A

medical management; inhaler

42
Q

What is the treatment of Bronchiolitis

A

supportive care; nebulizer mist treatment; oxygen

43
Q

What is the treatment of Infantile Colic

A

possible causes first step; usually outgrows at three months

44
Q

What is the treatment of Helminth (Worm) Infestation

A

complete course of anthelmintic agents given

45
Q

What is the treatment of Diarrhea

A

directed at cause; fluid intake

46
Q

What is the treatment of Vomiting

A

food withheld; determine cause for appropriate treatment

47
Q

What is the treatment of Anemia

A

determine cause of anemia; act appropriate. pernicious give B12 supplements; etc.

48
Q

What is the treatment of Leukemia

A

systemic chemotherapy

49
Q

What is the treatment of Erythroblastosis Fetalis (Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn)

A

RhOgam medication; degree of erythroblastosis fetalis as well

50
Q

What is the treatment of Lead Poisoning

A

source of poisoning must be eliminated; chelating agents for intensive poisoning

51
Q

What is the treatment of Reye’s Syndrome

A

early recognition cut mortality; early diagnosis for hospitalization to stabilize patient

52
Q

What is the treatment of Fetal Alchohol Syndrome (FAS)

A

depends on defects; support becuase neurologic damage cannot be reversed

53
Q

What is the treatment of Diaper Rash

A

frequent diaper changing; proper cleaning and drying

54
Q

What is the treatment of Neuroblastoma

A

surgical removal of the tumor in low risk patients; chemotherapy for high risk

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