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Anatomy 3 final (practical and oral part) > Practical topic 6 > Flashcards

Practical topic 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the root of the tongue attached?

A

Hyoid bone

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2
Q

Where is the body of the tongue attached?

A

To the mandible

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3
Q

Where is the apex of the tongue attached?

A

Free

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4
Q

Which terms should be mentioned? (ø papillae)

A
  • Radix linguae
    • ​Attached to hyoid bone
  • Corpus linguae
    • ​Attached to mandible
  • Apex linguae
    • ​Free
  • Frenulum linguae
    • Ventral surface connected to the floor of the oral cavity by median fold
  • Dorsum linguae
    • The dorsal plane of the tongue
    • Pars gustatoria
      • Sense taste, have papillae
  • Lyssa
  • Sulcus medianus
  • Plica palatoglossus
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5
Q

Give the papillae of the tongue (dog)

A
  • Filiform
  • Conicae
  • Fungiform
  • Foliate
  • Vallate
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6
Q

Filiform papillae

  1. Localization
  2. Type
A
  1. On body and apex mainly (several pointed tips directed caudally)
  2. Mechanical
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7
Q

Conicae papillae

  1. Localization
  2. Type
A
  1. On the root of the tongue (one pointed tip)
  2. Mechanical
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8
Q

Foliate papillae

  1. Localization
  2. Function
A
  1. Among the conicae and filiform papillae (smooth, rounded surface)
  2. Taste buds / gustatory
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9
Q

Vallate papillae

  1. Localization
  2. Function
A
  1. At the junction of the body and the root of the tongue
    • 4-6 in dogs, arranged i V-shape (apex = caudally)
  2. Taste buds / gustatory
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10
Q

Give the intrinsic muscles of the tongue

A
  1. Fibrae longitudinales superficiales
  2. Fibrae longitudinales profunda
  3. Fibrae transversae
  4. Fibrae perpendiculares
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11
Q

Give the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

A
  1. M. styloglossus
  2. M. genioglossus
  3. M. hyoglossus
  4. M. sternohyoideus
  5. M. mylohyoideus
  6. M. geniohyoideus
  7. M. stylohyoideus
  8. M. thyrohyoideus
  9. M. sternohyoideus
  10. M. keratohyoideus

Hører myoidmusklene til?

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12
Q

M. styloglossus

A

Composed of 3 heads, inserting in the tongue at different levels along its axis.

Origin: Stylohyoid bone

Insertion: Ventral surface of the middle of the tongue, near median plane

Action: Retract tongue

Innervation: N. hypoglossus

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13
Q

M. genioglossus

A

Origin: Symphysis and the adjacent surface of the body of the mandible

Insertion: Left and right joins at the median plane

Action:

  • To depress the tongue:
    • Caudal part → profund tongue
    • Rostral part → curl apex ventrally

Innervation: N. hypoglossus

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14
Q

M. hyoglossus

A

Origin: Thyrohyoid and basohyoid

Insertion: Root of tongue

Action: Retract and depress tongue

Innervation: N. hypoglossus

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15
Q

M. sternohyoideus

A

Origin:

  • Sternum
  • 1st costal cartilage
  • Fused deeper to m. sternohyoideus at the first part

Insertion: Basihyoid

Action: Pull the hyoid bone, root of tongue and the larynx caudally

Innervation: Ramus ventralis of nn. cervicales and sometimes n. hypoglossus

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16
Q

M. mylohyoideus

A

Origin: Linea mylohyoidea (medial on mandible)

Insertion: Median raphe, on the muscle from the other side

Action: Supports the tongue

Innervation: N. mandibularis

17
Q

M. geniohyoideus

A

Origin: Mandibular symphysis (deep to m. mylohyoideus)

Insertion: Basihyoid

Action: Raise basihyoid bone

Innervation: N. facialis

18
Q

Give the nerves

A
  • N. hypoglossus (cranial nerve XI)
  • N. lingualis
  • N. glossopharyngeus (cranial nerve IX)
19
Q

N. hypoglossus

  1. Type of nerve
  2. Branches to…
  3. Innervates
A
  1. Motor nerve
  2. Divides into superficial and deep branch as it enters the tongue
  3. Innervates intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue
20
Q

N. lingualis

  1. Type of nerve
  2. Branch of…
  3. Branches to…
  4. Innervates
A
  1. Sensory nerve
  2. Branch of V3 (mandibular branch of n. trigemini)
  3. Divides into deep and superficial branches as it reaches the tongue
  4. Sensory to the first 2/3 of the tongue
21
Q

N. glossopharyngeus

  1. Type of nerve
  2. Innervates
A
  1. Sensory nerve
  2. Sensory to the caudal third of the tongue
22
Q

Give the associated arteries

A
  1. A. lingualis
  2. A. sublingualis
23
Q

A. lingualis

  1. Ex.
  2. Runs along with…
A
  1. Ex. a. carotis externa, ex. a. carotis communis
  2. N. hypoglossus
24
Q

A. sublingualis

Ex.

A

Ex. a. facialis

25
Q

Give the associated veins

A
  1. V. lingualis
  2. Arcus hyoideus
  3. V. lingualis profunda
26
Q

V. lingualis

Ex.

A

Ex. v. linguofacialis

27
Q

Arcus hyoideus

Gives off…

A

V. sublingualis

28
Q

V. lingualis profunda

Ex.

A

Ex. v. lingualis

Anatomy 3 final (practical and oral part) (128 decks)

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