A7 - Thoracic vertebrae, ribs, sternum, their junctions, respiratory muscles Flashcards
Thoracic vertebrae, ribs, sternum, their junctions, respiratory muscles
1
Q
Give the respiratory muscles
A
Inspiration:
- M. serratus dorsalis cranialis
- M. intercostalis externus
- Mm. levator costarum
- M. rectus thoracicus
-
M. scalenus
- M. scalenus ventralis
- M. scalenus medius
- M. scalenus dorsais
- Diaphragma
Expiration:
- M. serratus dorsalis caudalis
- M. intercostalis internus
- M. transversus thoracis
- M. retractor costae ultimae
- M. subcostalis
2
Q
M. serratus dorsalis cranialis
A
-
Origin:
- Thoracolumbar fascia by a broad aponeurosis
- Th 1-7 on processus spinosus
- Insertion: Rib 2-10, proximal
-
Action:
- Extends neck and raises head
- Unilateral contraction draws head laterally
- Inspiration
3
Q
M. intercostalis externus
A
-
Origin and insertion:
- Muscle fibers run caudoventrally (\)
- From caudal border of one rib to cranial border of the next rib
- Action: Inspiration
4
Q
Mm. levator costarum
A
- Origin: Th 1-2, processus transversus
- Insertion: Rib, cranial border, near angulus costae (covered by m. erector spinae)
- Action: Inspiration
5
Q
M. rectus thoracicus
A
- Origin: First rib
- Insertion: Ventral ends of ribs 2-4
- Action: Inspiration
6
Q
M. scalenus
A
M. scalenus dorsalis:
- Origin: Processus transversus of C4-C6
-
Insertion:
- Dorsal muscular part: rib 1-4
- Ventral muscular part: rib 1-9
M. scalenus medialis
- Origin: Processus transversus of C6-C7
- Insertion: Rib 1
-
Action:
- Inspiration
- Unilateral contraction: flexes nack laterally
- Bilateral contraction: flexes neck ventrally
7
Q
Diaphragma
A
- Origin: Sternal, costal and lumbar part
- Insertion: Centrum tendineum
- Action: Inspiration
-
Layers: (from cranial to caudal)
- Pleura + fascua endothoracica
- Fascia transversa thoracis
- M. phrenicus
- Fasciae abdominalis transversus
- Peritoneum
M. phrenicus:
-
Origin: corona muscularis
-
Parts of corona muscularis:
- Pars sternalis (from processus xyphoideus)
- pars costalis (from rib 6-12)
-
Pars lumbalis (from Th12, L1-2)
- Crus dexter (surrounds esophageus)
- Crus sinister
-
Parts of corona muscularis:
8
Q
M. serratus dorsalis caudalis
A
- Origin: Caudal on superficial layer of fascia thoracolumbalis
- Insertion: Rib 11-13, proximal
- Action: Expiration
9
Q
M. intercostalis internus
A
-
Origin and insertion:
- Muscle fibers run cranioventrally (///)
- From cranial border of one rib to caudal border of the previous rib
- Action: Expiration
10
Q
M. transversa thoracica
A
- Origin: Inner surface of sternum
- Insertion: 2-8th costal cartilages
- Action: Expiration
11
Q
M. retractor costae ultimae
A
- Origin: L1-4, processus transversus
- Insertion: Last rib, caudal border
- Action: Expiration
12
Q
M. subcostalis
A
- Origin and insertion: Crossing medial surface of ribs 11-9 in a cranioventral direction (///), inside the thoracic cavity
- Action: Expiration
13
Q
Thoracic vertebrae
- Strucutres to mention
- Draw a thoracic vertebrae
A
Vertebra generalis:
- Corpus vertebrae
- Extremitas cranialis [=Caput vertebrae]
- Extremitas caudalis [=Fossa vertebrae]
- Crista ventralis
- Arcus vertebrae
- Pediculus arcus vertebrae
- Lamina arcus vertebrae
- Foramen vertebrale
- Incisura vertebralis cranialis
- Incisura vertebralis caudalis
- Foramen intervertebrale
- Processus spinosus
- Processus transversus
- Processus articularis cranialis
- Processus articularis caudalis
Vertebra thoracica:
- Fovea costalis cranialis (for part of capitis costae)
- Fovea costalis caudalis (for part of capitis costae)
- Fovea costalis processus transversi (for tuberculim costae)
- Processus mamillaris (between proc. transversus and proc. articularis)
- Processus accessorius (between proc. articularis caudalis and proc. transversus)
14
Q
Thoracic vertebrae
Give the nuber of thoracic vertebrae in different species
A
- Ca: 13 (12-14)
- Ru: 13
- Sus: 14 or 15
- Eq: 18
15
Q
Junctions
Which junctions should be mentioned?
A
- Short ligaments - connecting adjacent vertebrae
- Long ligaments - passing over several vertebrae
-
Art. costovertebrails
- Art. capitis costae
- Art. costotransversaria