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Anatomy 3 final (practical and oral part) > Practical topic 19 > Flashcards

Practical topic 19 Flashcards

n. ischiadicus, n. gluteus cranialis, n. gluteus caudalis, dorsal, caudal and deep muscles of the buttock

1
Q

Give the dorsal muscles of the buttock

A
  1. M. Gluteus superficialis
  2. M. Gluteus medius
  3. M. Piriformis
  4. M. Gluteus profundus
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2
Q

M. Gluteus superficialis

A

Origin:

  • Sacrum
  • First caudal vertebrae
  • Partly from sacrotuberous ligament (deep gluteal fascia also from spina iliaca cranialis dorsalis)

Insertion: Tuberositas glutea (ca) (below trochanter major).

Action: In carnivores: Extends the hip joint

Innervation: N. gluteus caudalis

Blood supply:

  • A. circumflexa femoris lateralis
  • A. glutea caudalis
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3
Q

M. Gluteus medius

A

Origin: In carnivores:

  • Crista iliaca
  • Facies glutea of Os iliaca

Insertion: Trochanter major of femur.

Action: Strongest extensor of hip joint.

Innervation: N. gluteus cranialis

Blood supply:

  • A. circumflexa femoris lateralis
  • A. iliolumbalis
  • A. glutea cranialis
  • A. glutea caudalis
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4
Q

M. Piriformis

A

Origin: Last sacral and first caudal vertebrae.

Insertion: Trochanter major of femur.

Action: Extension of hip joint.

Innervation: N. gluteus cranialis

Blood supply: A. glutea cranialis

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5
Q

M. Gluteus profundus

A

Origin:

  • Facies glutea of os iliaca
  • Corpus of os iliaca

Insertion: Trochanter major of femur.

Action:

  • Extension and abduction of hip joint.
  • Pronates the pelvic limb

Innervation: N. gluteus cranialis

Blood supply: A. glutea cranialis

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6
Q

Give the caudal muscles of the buttock

A
  1. M. Biceps femoris
  2. M. Abductor cruris caudalis
  3. M. semitendinosus
  4. M. semimembranosus
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7
Q

M. Biceps femoris

A

Origin:

  • Cranial part on sacrotuberous ligament
  • Caudal part on tuber ischiadicum

Insertion:

  • Fascial lata and crural fascial to:
    • Patella
    • Patellar ligament
    • Tuberosita tibialis
    • Crista tibia
  • Tuber calcanei by an accessory tendon.

Action:

  • Extends hip and hock.
  • Cranial part extends
  • Caudal part flexes stifle

Innervation:

  • Pars cranialis:
    • N. gluteus caudalis
  • Pars caudalis:
    • N. tibialis

Blood supply:

  • A. glutea caudalis
  • A. caudalis femoris distalis
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8
Q

M. Abductor cruris caudalis

A

Origin: Distal part of sacrotuberous ligament.

Insertion:

  • Disappears in crural fascia on lateral side.
    • It runs first medial, then lateral to m. Biceps femoris.

Action:

  • Abducts hind limb
  • Flexes stifle

Innervation: N. tibialis

Blood supply:

  • A. glutea caudalis
  • A. caudalis femoris distalis
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9
Q

M. Semitendinosus

A

Origin: Tuber ischiadicum

Insertion:

  • Crista tibia (medially)
  • Tuber calcanei of an accessory tendon

Action:

  • Extends hip
  • Flexes stifle
  • Extends hock
  • Draws limb backwards and inwards when the foot is of the ground.

Innervation:

  • N. gluteus caudalis
  • N. cutaneus femoris caudalis

Blood supply:

  • A. glutea caudalis
  • A. caudalis femoris distalis
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10
Q

M. Semimembranossus

A

Origin: Tuber ischiadicum, ventral aspect

Insertion:

  • Cranial belly:
    • Distally on labium medialis
    • Medial condyle of femur
  • Caudal belly:
    • Medial condyle of tibia (behind medial collateral ligament)

Action:

  • Extends hip
  • Flexes stifle joint

Innervation: N. gluteus caudalis

Blood supply:

  • A. gluteus caudalis
  • aa. femoris media et distalis
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11
Q

Give the deep muscles of the buttock

A
  1. M. Obturatorius internus
  2. M. Obturatorius externus
  3. M. Gemelli
  4. M. Quadratus femoris
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12
Q

M. Obturatorius internus

A

Origin:

  • Inner surface of pelvis around foramen obturatum
    • From regions of ramus cranialis et caudalis ossis pubis, ramus ossis ischii and tabula ossis ischii.

Insertion:

  • After crossing lesser sciatic notch it will attach in fossa trochanterica of femur.
  • Its tendon runs over the muscle belly of m. Gemelli.

Action: Lateral rotation (supination) of hind limb.

Innervation:

  • N. Obturatorius
  • N. ischiadicus

Blood supply: A. glutea caudalis

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13
Q

M. Obturatorius externus

A

Origin: Outer surface of pelvis, around foramen obturatum.

Insertion: Fossa trochanterica of femur.

Action:

  • Lateral rotation (supination) of hind limb.
  • Extends the hip joint.

Innervation: N. obturatorius

Blood supply: A. glutea caudalis

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14
Q

M. Gemelli

A

Origin:

  • Lateral side on corpus ossis ischii (ventral to lesser sciatic notch - incisura ischiadica minor).
  • Spina ishiadica

Insertion: Fossa trochanterica of femur.

Action: Lateral rotation (supination) of hind limb at the hip joint.

Innervation: N. ischiadicus

Blood supply: A. glutea caudalis

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15
Q

M. Quadratus femoris

A

Origin: Tabula ossis ischii, ventral surface (medial to tuber ischiadium).

Insertion: Fossa trochanterica of femur.

Action:

  • Lateral rotation (supination) of hind limb
  • Extension of hip joint.

Innervation: N. obturatorius

Blood supply: A. glutea caudalis

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16
Q

Give the branches of truncus lumbosacralis

A
  • N. ischiadicus
    • N. cutaneus surealis caudalis
    • N. surealis caudalis
    • Common fibular and tibial nerve
  • N. gluteus cranialis
  • N. gluteus caudalis
17
Q

Where does the n. ischiadicus originate from?

A

L6, L7, S1 and S2

18
Q
  1. Between which muscles does n. ischiadicus pass?
A

Between m. gluteus medius and m. gluteus profundus

19
Q

Give the branches of n. ischiadicus

A

It has 3 caudal branches:

  • N. cutaneus surae lateralis
  • N. surealis caudalis
  • Divide into common fibular and tibial nerves
    • (Fibular nerve divides into superficial and deep
20
Q

Which muscles does n. gluteus cranialis innervate

A
  • M. gluteus medius
  • M. gluteus profundus
21
Q

On which muscle does n. gluteus cranialis lie?

A

Lies on m. gluteus profundus and gives off small branches

22
Q

Which muscles does n. gluteus caudalis innervate?

A

M. gluteus superficialis

23
Q

Lateral, cat

A
  1. M. biceps femoris
  2. N. ischiadicus
  3. Branch of n. ischiadicus
  4. N. fibularis (peroneus) communis
    • To cranial muscles of the crus
  5. N. tibialis
    • To caudal muscles of the crus
  6. M. gastrocnemius
    • Reflected
  7. Branch of n. tibialis
    • To caudal muscles of the crus
24
Q

Caudal view

A
  1. M. biceps femoris
  2. M. semitendinosus
  3. N. ischiadicus
  4. A. glutea caudalis
  5. Trochanter major
  6. Branches of n. ischiadicus
    • Innervating hamstring muscles
  7. N. fubularis (perineus) communis ​
    • To cranial muscles of the crus
  8. N. tibialis
    • To caudal muscles of the crus
  9. N. cutaneus surae caudalis
    • Branch of n. tibialis
  10. m. tensor fasciae latae
  11. m. quadriceps femoris
  12. m. semimembranosus
  13. m. gastrocnemius, caput lateralis

Anatomy 3 final (practical and oral part) (128 decks)

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