C29 - Uterus, it’s suspension, blood supply and innervation Flashcards

1
Q

Uterus

Structures to mention

A
  • Uterus bicornis
  • Cornu uteri dextrum et sinistrum
    • Margo mesometricus (Side attached to mesometrium)
    • Margo liber (side opposite to mesometrium)
  • Lig. intercornuale (Ru) (Crosses the acute angle between the cornua)
  • Corpus uteri (Undivided part between cornuacervix)
  • Margo uteri dexter et sinister (Right and left borders of corpus and cervix to which the mesometrium is attached)
  • Facies dorsalis
  • Cavum uteri
  • Facies ventralis
  • Cervix uteri (Neck of the uterus. Thick-walled vaginal end which effects the closure of the uterus)
    • Portio prevaginalis (Part of the cervix cranial to the vagina)
    • Portio vaginalis (Part of the cervix that projects into the vagina)
  • Ostium uteri internum (Between the corpus uteri and cervix uteri)
  • Ostium uteri externum (Between the cervix uteri and vagina)
  • Canalis cervicis uteri
    • Plicae longitudinales (Longitudinal folds of cervical mucosa)
    • Plicae circulares (Ru) (Circular folds of cervical mucosa which close the canal)
    • Pulvini cervicales (su) (Cervical cushions, interdigitating processes which close the canal)
  • Parametrium (Connective tissue, smooth muscle, vessels, and nerves between the peritoneal laminae of the mesometrium)
  • Carunculae (Ru) (Eminences of the endometrium, enlarge in pregnancy)
  • Lig. teres uteri (Extends from the tip of cornu uteri → deep inguinal ring)
  • Mesometrium (Part of lig. latum uteri attached to the uterus)
  • Processus vaginalis peritoneii (ca) (Vaginal process of the peritoneum in inguinal canal. Males: tunica vaginalis after the descent of the testis)
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2
Q

Uterus

Interspecies differences

A
  • Lig. intercorunale (ru)
  • Canalis cervicis uteri
    • Plicae circulares (ru)
    • Pulvini cervicales (su)
  • Carunculae (ru)
  • Processus vaginalis peritoneii (ca)
  • Horse:
    • Uterus has a wide lumen
    • Cornu uteri: straight, shorter than that of dog, and slightly curved
    • Corpus: large and about as long as cornu uteri
    • Cervix: thick walls and a prominent intravaginal projection
  • Dog:
    • Cornu uteri:
      • ery long and slender
      • Caudally the horns are united by peritoneum for a short distance and lie close together on each side of the median plane, but open separately into the uterine body
    • Cervix: very short, ostium uteri interunum and externum lie very close, no portio vaginalis
  • Swine:
    • Cornu uteri: very long
    • Corpus: very short
    • Cervix:
      • Long
      • Opens gradually into the vagina without noticeable demarcation
      • Pulvini cervicales
  • Ruminant:
    • Cornu uteri:
      • Long
      • Form spirals
      • Lig. intercorunale
    • Corpus: short
    • Cervix:
      • Long
      • Plicae circulares
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3
Q

Uterus

Location

A
  • Most in the abdominal cavity
  • Cervix is in the pelvic cavity
  • Dorsal to the small intesines
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4
Q

Uterus

Give the main division

A
  • Cervix uteri
  • Corpus uteri
  • 2 cornu uteri
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5
Q

Uterus

Cornu uteri

A
  • Muscular tube
  • Diverge form the cranial end of corpus uteri
  • Margo mesometricus: Side of horns attached to mesometrium
  • Margo liber: Opposite side of margo mesometricus
  • Lig. intercorunale (ru): between the cornua
  • Ca, eq: straight
  • Ru: curved
  • Su: colied, loops
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6
Q

Uterus

Corpus uteri

A
  • Muscular tube
  • Between cornu uteri and cervix
  • Margo uteri dexter et sinister:
    • Borders of the corpus uteri and cervix uteri to which the mesometrium is attached
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7
Q

Uterus

Cervix uteri

A
  • Most caudal part
  • Connects uterus to the vagina
  • Cylindrical
  • Thick wall of smooth muscles
  • The lumen of the cervix is the canalis cervicis is formed by mucosal folds
    • Car, eq: Plicae longitudinales (arranged longitudinally)
    • Ru: Plicae circulares (circular folds)
    • Su: Pulvini cervicales (rows of prominences=
  • Ostium uteri internum: cervix opens cranially into corpus uteri
  • Ostium uteri externum: cervix opens caudally into the vagina
  • Portio vaginalis:
    • Most caudal part of the cervix
    • Eq, ru: projects into the vaginal lumen, where it is surrounded by fornix vaginae
    • Ca, su: the cervical canal widens to continue into the vagina

Structures:

  • Cerivx uteri
    • ​Portio prevaginalis (Part of the cervix cranial to the vagina)
    • Portio vaginalis (Part of the cervix that project into the vagina)
  • Ostium uteri internum
  • Ostium uteri externum
  • Canalis cervicis uteri
    • ​Plicae longitudinales
    • Plicae circulares (ru)
    • Pulvini cervicales (su)
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8
Q

Uterus

Layers

A
  • Consists of 3 layers
  1. Endometrium
    • Mucosal layer
    • Lining the lumen of the uterus
    • Thickness varies depending on the stage of oestrus cycle
    • Tubular glands opens on the surface
  2. Myometrium
    • Muscular layer
    • Consists of 2 layers of smooth muscles:
      • Thick circular layer (inner)
      • Thinner longitudinal layer (outer)
    • Betwenn the 2 layers: blood vessels
  3. Perimetrium (external layer)
    • Serosal layer
    • External to myometrium
    • Continous with lig. latum uteri
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9
Q

Suspension

???? riktig?

A
  • Lig. latum uteri (corpus uteri & cornu uteri)
    • Mesometrum (ending on corpus uteri and cornu uteri. Blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves reaches uterus through mesometrium)
    • Mesovarium (attached to ovary)
    • Mesosalphinx (detached lateral fold, cotains tuba uterina, forms lateral wall of bursa ovarica)
      • ​Mesovarium proximale (abdominal wall → mesosalphinx)
      • Mesovarium distale (mesosalphinx → ovary)
  • Lig. intercorunale (ru) (crosses the acute angle between the cornua)
  • Parametrium (between the peritoneal laminae of the mesometrium)
  • Lig. teres uteri (from cornu uteri → deep inguinal ring. Enclosed in a lateral fold of lig. latum uteri)
  • Processus vaginalis peritoneii (ca)
  • Lig. latum uteri:
    • Arise from the dorsolateral wall of the pelvic cavity, and form the roof the abdominal cavity
    • Male: homologous with mesoductus deferens and plica genitalis (in ductus deferens)
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10
Q

Comparison of analog mesentery and ligaments of the female ovary and male testis

A
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11
Q
  • Excavations*
  • Not directly linked to the topic*
A
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12
Q

Blood supply

Sjekk opp mot andre notater, tatt fra Silje sine

A

Cornu uteri:

  • Aorta abdominalis → a. ovarica → r. uterinus (to cranial part of horns)

Uterus:

  • Ca: a. pudenda interna → a. vaginalis → a. uterina
  • Eq: a. iliaca interna a. uterina
  • Ru, sus: a. iliaca interna → a. umbilicalis → a. uterina
  • A. pudenda interna → a. vaginalis
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13
Q

Innervation

A
  • Sympathetic:
    • Ggl. mesenterica caudalis
      • ​Hypogastric pelvic plexus
        • ​N. genitofemoralis
  • Parasympathetic:
    • Pelvic plexus
      • N. pudendus (motor & sensory)
        • N. rectalis (motor & sensory)
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