A10 - Carpus, its muscles, muscles of the radioulnar joint Flashcards
Carpus, its muscles, muscles of the radioulnar joint
1
Q
Carpus
List the muscles of the carpus
A
- M. extensor carpi radialis
- M. extensor carpi ulnaris
- M. flexor carpi radialis
-
M. flexor carpi ulnaris
- Caput humerale
- Caput ulnare
2
Q
Carpus
M. extensor carpi radialis
A
- Origin: Crista supracondylaris lateralis of humerus
- Insertion: Mc. II-III. (dorsal surface of metacarpals’ bases)
- Action: E_xtensor of carpal joint_
3
Q
Carpus
M. extensor carpi ulnaris
A
- Origin: Epicondylus lateralis of humerus
-
Insertion:
- Lateral aspect of Mc. V. base
- Also attaches with a tendon to accessory carpal bone
-
Action:
- Supports carpus when extended to bear weight
- Flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of carpal joint since its attachment to os carpi accessorium
4
Q
Carpus
M. flexor carpi radialis
A
- Origin: Epicondylus medialis of humerus
- Insertion: Mc. II-III. (palmar surface of metacarpals’ base)
- Action: Flexes carpus
5
Q
Carpus
M. flexor carpi ulnaris
A
-
Origin:
- Caput humerale: Epicondylus medialis of humerus
- Caput ulnare: Proximal end of ulna
- Insertion: Accessory carpal bone
- Action: Flexes carpus
- Eq: not divided, two heads unite
6
Q
Carpus
- Give the bones of the carpus
- Give the interspecies differences
- Draw carpus and metacarpus
A
- Proximal row - antebrachial row:
- Os carpi radiale (medially)
- Os carpi intermedium (below radius and ulna)
- Os carpi ulae (just distal to ulna, lat.)
- Os carpi accessorium (caud. on the lat. side)
- Distal row - metacarpeal row:
- Os carpale primum (most med.)
- Os carpale secundum
- Os carpale tertium
- Os carpale quartum (most lat.)
Interspecis differences:
- Su: 8, full set
- Eq: 7-8, often missing C1
- Ru: 6
- C1 is missing
- C2 + C3 is fused
- Ca: 7 radiale, intermedium = intermedioradiale
7
Q
Carpus
A
- Art. composita
-
Monoaxial
- Movement: flexion - extension
- 3 joint cavities, each with its own separate synovial membrane
- The whole carpus acts as a hinge joint, but the single joint surfaces allow different ranges of movement
- Divied into:
- Art. antebrachiocarpea (Between radius, ulna and proximal row of carpal bones)
- Art. intercarpeae (Between carpal bones of one row)
- Art. mediocarpea (Between proximal and distal rows of carpal bones)
- Art. carpometacarpeae (Between base of metacarpal bones)
- Art. ossis carpi accessorii (Between os carpi accessorium and os carpi ulnare, Car: also ulna, eq: radius)
Ligaments of art. carpi
-
Lig. collaterale carpi laterale
- Processus styloideus ulnae → os carpi ulnare (car), and os carpale IV and metacarpus (un)
-
Lig. collaterale carpi mediale
- Processus styloideus radii→ os carpi intermedioradiale (car), also os carpale II and metacarpus (un)
Fascia carpi:
-
Retinaculum flexorium
- Thickening of the deep carpal fascia palmarly
- Fibers runs transverse to fix the flexor muscle tendons
-
Retinaculum extensorium
- Thickening of the deep carpal fascia dorsally
- Fibers runs transverse to fix the the extensor muscles
-
Canalis carpi
- Canal between proximal row of carpal bones → retinaculum flexorium
- Through the carpal canal run the tendons of the digital flexors (within the vagina synovialis communis musculi flexorii), vessels, nerves
8
Q
Carpus
Art. antebraciocarpea
A
- Ca: ellipsoideal joint (diaxial)
- Un: hinge joint (monoaxial)
- Ru: cochlear joint (monoaxial)
- Movement:
- Flexion - extension
- Ca: abduction - adduction
- 2 joints:
- Art. radiocarpea (radius → proximal carpal row)
- Art. ulnocarpea (ulna → proximal carpal row)
Structures:
- Art. radiocarpea
- Art. ulnocarpea
- Capsula articularis
- Lig. radiocarpeum dorsale (ø eq)
- Lig. radiocarpeum palmare
- Lig. ulnocarpeum palmare
9
Q
Carpus
Artt. interocarpeae
A
- Ampharthosis
- Hinge joint (monoaxial)
- Joints between carpal bones of one row
Structures:
- Ligg. intercarpea dorsalia
- Ligg. intercarpea palmaria
- Ligg. intercarpea interossea
10
Q
Carpus
Art. mediocarpea
A
- Diarthrosis
- Hinge joint (monoaxial)
- Between proximal and distal rows of carpal bones
Structures:
- Capsula articularis
- Lig. carpi radiatum (Palmar fibers from os carpale III)
11
Q
Carpus
Art. ossis carpi accessorii
A
- Joint between os carpi accessorium and other bones
Structures:
- Capsula articularis
- Lig. accessoriulnare (os carpi accessorium → ulna (eq: radius))
- Lig. accessoricarpoulnare (os carpi accessorium → os carpi ulnare)
- Lig. accessorioquartale (os carpi accessorium → os carpale IV)
- Lig. accessorimetacarpeum ( os carpi accessorium → metacerpus)
- Canalis carpi (between the proximal row of carpal bones and retinaculum flexorium)
12
Q
Carpus
Artt. carpometacarpeae
A
- Diarthrosis
- Plane joint (monoaxial)
- Between the bases of the metacarpal bones
Structures:
- Capsulae articulares
- Ligg. carpometacarpea dorsalia
- Ligg. carpometacarpea palmaria
13
Q
Carpus
Draw art. carpi (eq, ca)
A
- Collateral ligaments
- Lig. collaterale carpi laterale
- Lig. collaterale carpi mediale
-
Lig. antebrachicarpea
- Lig. radiocarpeum dorsale (ca, ru)
- Lig. radiocarpeum palmare
- Lig. ulnocarpale palmare (pervent hyperextension)
- Lig. carpi radiatum
-
Ligg. intercarpea
- Ligg. intercarpea dorsalia (ø eq)
- Ligg. intercarpea palmare
- Ligg. intercarea interossea
-
Ligg. carpometacarpea (binds carpal bones to metacarpal bones)
- Ligg. carpometacarpea dorsalis
- Ligg. carpometacarpea palmaria
-
Ligg. of accessory carpal bone
- Ligg. accessoriulnare
- Lig. accessoricarpoulnare (from Ca to Cu)
- Lig. accessorimetacarpeum (to the outermost metacarpal bone)
- Lig. accessorioquartale (eq, ru: attaches on C4)
- Retinaculum flexorium ( arise on accessory carpal bone)
- Retinaculum extensorium
14
Q
Radioulnar joint
List the muscles of the radioulnar joint
A
- Supinators:
- M. supinator (ca, sometimes sus)
- M. brachioradialis (Fe)
- Pronators:
- M. pronator teres (ø eq)
- M. pronator quadratus (ca)
15
Q
M. supinator
A
Ca, sometimes su
- Origin: Epicondylus lateralis of humerus
- Insertion: Cranial surface of proximal fourth of radius
- Action: Supination (lateral rotation)
