B15 - Oral cavity and its features, salivary glands

Question 1

Oral cavity

Structures to mention in the oral cavity

Answer 1

• Vestibulum oris (Space between the teeth and lips and cheeks)
• Rima oris (Slit between lips, mouth opening)
• Labia oris (Lips)
• Labium suerius/maxillare (Upper lip)
• Philtrum (Median groove from the nasal septum to the upper lip)
• Labium inferius/mandibulare (Lower lip)
• Angulus oris
• Bucca (Cheek)
• Cavum oris proprium (Cavity enclosed by the teeth and limited caudally by the arcus palatoglossus)
• Palatum durum (Hard palate, supported by bone)
• Palatum molle [Velum palatinum] (Soft palate, caudal part of the palate)
• Raphe palati (Median line of junction of the halves of the palate)
• Recessus sublingualis lateralis (Space under the tongue, between the frenulum linguae and the mandible)
• Gingiva (Gum, mucous membrane attached to the teeth and alveolar bone)
• Caruncula sublingualis (Flattened projection rostrolateral to the frenulum linguae, ductus mandibularis and ductus sublingualis major opens there)
• Plica sublingualis (Fold of mucous membrane on the floor of the mouth lateral to the frenulum linguae, ends in carucula sublingualis)
• Papilla parotidea (Small elevation of the buccal mucosa at the orifice of the ductus partoideus opposite the upper fourth premolar)
• Papilla zygomatica (ca) (Short fold of buccal mucosa extending caudally form the papilla partoidea and bearing the orifices of the ductus glandulae zygomaticae opposite the upper molars)
• Rugae palatinae (Transvers ridges of the mucosa on the hard palate)
• Pulvinus dentalis (Dental pad)
• Papilla incisiva (Elevation of mucous membrane at the rostral end of the raphe palati)
• Plica pterygomandibularis (Dorsoventral fold of mucous membrane between the palate and the mandible behind the last molars)

Question 2

Oral cavity

Give the osseus support of the oral cavity

Answer 2

• Os incisiva
• Os maxilla (palatine & processus alveolaris)
• Os palatina (lamina horizontalis)
• Mandibula

Question 3

Oral cavity

Give the blood supply of the oral cavity

Answer 3

• A. maxillaris
  
  • ​A. palatina minor
  • A. palatina major
  • A. alveolaris inferior
• A. lingualis (ca, sus: ex a. carotis externa, eq, ru: ex tr. linguofacialis)
  
  • A. sublingualis (eq, ca: ex. a. submentalis, ru, sus: ex. a. lingualis)
  • A. palatina ascendens (eq: ex tr. linguofascialis, ca, sus: ex a. lingualis, ru: ex a. occipitalis)
• A. pharyngea ascendens (eq: ex a. thyroidea cranialis, ca: ex a. carotis externa, ru: ex a. carotis communis)
• A. facialis (eq, ru: ex tr. linguofascialis, ca, sus: ex a. carotis externa)​
  
  • A. labialis inferior (sus: ex. a. buccalis)
  • A. labialis superior (sus: ex. a. buccalis)
  • A. angularis oris (ca: ex a. facialis, eq: ex a. labialis inferior, ru: ex a. labialis superior)
• A. alveolaris inferior (ex a. maxillaris)

Forenklet:

• A. maxillaris
  
  • ​A. palatina minor (→ soft palate?)
  • A. palatina major (→ hard palate?)
  • A. alveolaris inferior
• A. lingualis
  
  • ​A. sublingualis (ex. a. submentalis)
  • A. palatina ascendens (ex a. lingualis)
• A. pharyngea ascendens (ca: ex a. carotis externa, eq: ex a. thyroidea cranialis)​
• A. fascialis
  
  • A. labialis inferior
  • ​A. labialis superior
  • A. angularis oris
• A. alveolaris inferior (ex a. maxillaris)

Question 4

Oral cavity

Draw the general features of the entire oral cavity

Answer 4

Question 5

Oral cavity

Draw cross section of isthmus faucium

Answer 5

Question 6

Oral cavity

Draw the maxillary part of the oral cavity

Answer 6

Question 7

Oral cavity

Draw the mandibular part of the oral cavity

Answer 7

Question 8

Oral cavity

Draw a cross section of hard palate

Answer 8

Question 9

Name the oral glands

Answer 9

• Gll. labialis (Glands of the lips)
• Gll. buccales (Glands of the cheeks)
• Gl. zygomatica (Car: major salivary gland, medial to the zygomatic bone and ventral to the orbit
• Gll. palatinae (Palatine glands on the oropharyngeal side of the soft palate)
• Gll. linguales (Lingual glands, mainly on root and margins of the tongue)
• Gll. gustatoriae (Taste glands, whose ducts discharge into the groove of a papilla vallata)

Question 10

Salivary glands

Name the salivary glands

Answer 10

• Small glands: (provides moisture)
  
  • Gl. labialis
  • Gl. buccalis
  • Gl. lingualis
• Bigger glands: (important in digestion)
  
  • Gl. parotidea
  • Gl. mandibularis
  • Gl. sublingualis

Question 11

Salivary glands

Gl. parotidea

Answer 11

• In all species
• Serous gland
• Location: fossa retromandibularis (caudal to ramus mandible and vental to ala atlantis)
• Ductus parotideus → papilla buccosalivaris → vestibulum buccale

Question 12

Salivary glands

Gl. mandibularis

Answer 12

• Mucoserous secretion (mixed)
• Location: between v. maxillaris and v. linguofacialis
• Ductus mandibularis → caruncula sublingualis → cavum sublinguale apicale

Figure: location

Question 13

Salivary glands

Gl. sublingualis

Answer 13

• Mixed gland
• 2 parts:
  
  • Gl. sublingualis monostomatica (ø eq)
    
    • ​Ductus sublingualis major → caruncula sublingualis → cavum sublinguale apicale
  • Gl. sublingualis polystomatica
    
    • ​Ductus sublingualis minores → cavum sublinguale laterale

Question 14

Salivary glands

Give the interspecies differences

Answer 14