Practical topic 12 Flashcards

1
Q

Give the muscles of the thoracic girdle (except m. sternocleidomastoideus)

A

Superficial:

  1. M. trapezius
  2. M. omotransversarius
  3. M. latissimus dorsi
  4. Mm. Pectoralis superficialis

Deep:

  1. M. pectoralis profundus/ Deep pectoral muscle/M. pectoralis ascendes
  2. M. rhomboideus
  3. M. serratus ventralis
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2
Q

M. trapezius

A

Origin:

  • Between c3-th9 region.
  • Pars cervicalis:
    • From raphe of neck.
  • Pars thoracica:
    • From supraspinous ligament.

Insertion:

  • Pars cervicalis:
    • Proximal 3/4 of spina scapula (distally you can find omotransversius).
  • Pars thoracis:
    • Proximally third of spina scapula.

Action:

  • Supports trunk.
  • Elevates (lifts) forelimb.
  • Draws forelimb cranially.
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3
Q

M. Omotransversarius

A

Origin: Distal part of spina scapula, then runs under m. sternocleidomastoideus.

Insertion: Caudal border of ala atlantis on atlas.

Action:

  • If limb is free: draws shoulder cranially.
  • If limb is fixed: flexes neck laterally.
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4
Q

M. Latissimus dorsi

A

Origin:

  • Superficial layer of thoracolumbar fascia.
    • From spinous process of last 7-8 thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.
  • Proximally to the last few ribs.

Insertion: Tuberositas m. teres major (together with m. Teres major).

Action:

  • Draws free limb caudally.
  • With teres major: flexes shoulder.
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5
Q

M. Pectoralis superficialis

A

Origin:

  • M. pectoralis descendens:
    • Manubrium sterni
  • M. pectoralis transversus:
    • From sternebrae 1-3.

Insertion:

  • Crista tuberculi majoris
  • Upper part of crista humeri.

Action:

  • Ventral connection to forelimb.
  • Adduction.
  • Draws limb cranially or caudally depending its position.
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6
Q

M. Pectoralis profundus

A

Origin:

  • All sternebrae of sternum.
  • Costal cartilages of true ribs.

Insertion:

  • Main part inserts on tuberculum minor of humerus.
  • A small aponeurosis joins to tuberculum majus.

Action:

  • Supports trunk.
  • Behaving as a strong retractor (draws limb caudally)
  • Adductor of forelimb.
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7
Q

M. Rhomboideus

A

Origin:

  • Pars capitis:
    • Crista nuca of occipital bone.
  • Pars cervicis:
    • From raphe of neck to spinous process of th1-3.
  • Pars thoracis:
    • Processus spinosus of th4-7.

Insertion: Dorsomedial border of scapula.

Action:

  • Elevates limb
  • Pulls base of scapula against trunk forwards or backwards (depending on which part will contract more).
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8
Q

M. Serratus ventalis

A

Origin:

  • Pars cervicalis:
    • Transverse process of cervical 2-7.
  • Pars thoracis:
    • Middle of rib 1-8.

Insertion: Facies serrata on scapula (medially)

Action:

  • Supports trunk
  • Helps inspiration
  • Carries shoulder cranially or caudally with respect to position of forelimb.
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