B8 - V. portae, superficial venous system

Question 1

V. portae

General lnformation

Answer 1

• V. portae drains the:
  
  • Spleen
  • Pancreas
  • Stomach
  • Small intestine
  • Large intestine
  • Caudal part of throacic espohagus
  • Cranial segement of rectum
• Drains into the liver at its porta, where it divides in to:
  
  • ​V. interlobaris
  • V. interlobularis
• This is the hepatic capillary system and the hepatic veins are then connected to v. cava caudalis
• It provides the functional circulation to the liver
• Portal system: V. porta + tributaries
• Root vessels of v. portae:
  
  • ​V. mesenterica caudalis
  • V. mesenterica cranialis
  • V. lienalis
    
    • ​V. gastroduodenalis??
• Enters liver → liver sinusoids = blood-filled cavities enclosed by sheets of hepatic cells
• Blood from sinusoids → central vein → efferant venous system → v. interlobularis → vv. hepatica
• Mix of dexoygenated and oxygenated blood in the liver due to:
  
  • Functional blood supply: v. portae
  • Nutritional blood supply: a. hepatica
• Foetus: V. umbilicails enters the liver → posterior v. cava
  
  • ​Ductus venosus (disappears after birth)
• Terminal course: with omentum minor, ventral to for. epiploicum

Question 2

V. portae

Give the branches

Answer 2

Question 3

V. portae

Draw

Answer 3

Question 4

Superficial venous system

Head

Answer 4

• From v. jugularis externa:
  
  • ​V. linguofacialis
    
    • V. facialis
      
      • ​V. dorsalis nasi
      • V. infraorbitalis
      • V. labialis inferior
      • V. labialis superior
      • V. angularis oculi
    • V. lingalis
      
      • ​Form arcus hyoideus superficialis (ø eq)
  • V. maxiallaris
    
    • ​V. temporalis superficialis
      
      • ​V. auricularis rostralis
        
        • ​V. auricularis media

Question 5

Superficial venous system

Neck

Answer 5

• Ru, eq: V. cava cranialis
• Ca, sus: V. brachiocephalicus
  
  • ​V. jugularis externa
    
    • ​V. omobrachialis
    • V. cephalica (for the forelimb)
    • V. cervicalis superficialis
      
      • ​R. ascendens
      • V. suprascapularis
      • V. prescapularis
      • V. acromialis

Question 6

Superficial venous system

Forelimb

Answer 6

• V. jugularis externa
  
  • ​V. cephalica
    
    • ​V. axillobrachialis
    • V. brachialis superficialis
    • V mediana cubiti (connects to v. brachialis superficialis)
    • V. metacarpalis palmaris
      
      • ​V. digitalis palmaris
        
        • ​Arcus palmaris superficialis
      • V. digitalis communis (dorsal)
        
        • ​V. digitalis propria

Question 7

Superficial venous system

Hindlimb

Answer 7

• V. cava caudalis
  
  • ​V. iliaca communis
    
    • ​V. iliaca interna
      
      • ​V. superficialis caudalis
  • V. iliaca externa (cont (?) as v. femoralis)
    
    • ​V. circumflexa ilium profunca
    • V. saphena medialis
      
      • ​R. articulation genus
      • R. caudalis
        
        • ​R. plantaris lateralis
        • R. plantaris media
      • R. cranialis (dorsal aspect)
        
        • ​R. tarsea medialis
        • Metatarsea dorsalis
    • V. saphena lateralis
      
      • ​R. cranialis (dorsal aspect)
        
        • ​Tarsea lateralis
      • R. caudalis
        
        • ​R. plantaris lateralis
        • R. plantaris medialis
        • = arcus plantaris superficialis

Question 8

Superficial venous system

Abdomen

Answer 8

• V. epigastrica caudalis superficialis ex v. pudenda externa??????
  
  • ​Along the ventral abdominal wall superficially
  • Female: r. mammaria
  • Male: r. preputalis
• V. subcutanea abdominalis
  
  • ​End in a widening: seen under the abdominal skin = “milk cup”