Practical topic 34

Question 1

Liver

Give the margins of the liver

Answer 1

• Margo obtusus
  
  • ​Rounded part (dorsal)
  • Crossed by esophageus and vena cava caudalis
• Margo acutus
  
  • ​Pointed part (ventrally)
  • Can be divided into:
    
    • Margo sinister
    • Margo ventralis
    • Margo dexter

Question 2

Liver

Give the facies of the liver

Answer 2

• Facies diaphragmatica
  
  • ​Lie against the concavity of the diaphragm
• Fascies visceralis
  
  • ​In contact with the stomach
  • Porta hepatis
    
    • ​The depression on facies visceralis
    • V. portae, v. hepatica and ductus hepaticus pass there

Question 3

Liver

How many lobes does the dog have

Answer 3

6 lobes

Question 4

Liver

Give the lobes of the dog

Answer 4

• Lobus hepatis dexter
  
  • ​Lateralis (located next to lobus caudatus)
  • Medialis (contains fossa of the gall bladder)
• Lobus hepatis sinister
  
  • ​Lateralis (separated by a fissure from the left medial lobe and is frequently notched. Contains stomach on visceral, concave surface)
  • Medialis
• ​Lobus quadratus
• Lobus caudatus
  
  • ​Processus papillaris
  • Processus caudatus

Question 5

Liver

Give the impressions of the liver

Answer 5

1. Impressio esophagea​​
   
   • ​On margo dorsalis/obtusus
2. Impressio gastrica​​​​
   
   • On left lobe (lateral)
3. Impressio duodenalis
   
   • ​​Ventral and to the right of porta hepatis
4. Impressio pancreaticus​​
5. Impressio renalis
   
   • ​​From the right kidney, on processus caudatus
6. Impressio vesicae fellae
   
   • ​​On quadrate lobe and right medial lobe

Question 6

Liver

Give the ligaments

Answer 6

1. Lig. hepatogastrica et lig. hepatoduodenalis
2. Lig. hepatorenale
3. Lig. triangulare dextru et sinistrum
4. Lig. coronarium hepatis
5. Lig. falciforme hepatis

Question 7

What is the latin name for gall bladder?

Answer 7

Vesica fellae

Question 8

Where is the gall bladder situated?

Answer 8

Between right medial lobe and quadrate lobe on fascies visceralis

Question 9

Where does the bile enter and leaves the gall bladder?

Answer 9

Ductus cysticus

Question 10

Give the pathway of the bile from the gall bladder

Answer 10

1. Ductus hepatici (from each lobe)
2. Ductus hepaticus sinistra/dextra (from left/right lobe)
3. Ductus hepaticus communis
4. Ductus cysticus
5. Ductus choledochus (blie duct)
   
   • Uinon of hepatic ducts and cystic ducts

Question 11

Give the arterial blood supply of the liver

Answer 11

A. hepatica

→ Ex. a. coeliaca → Ex. a. aocta abdominalis

Question 12

Give the venous blood system of the liver

Answer 12

Vena portae

Transports venous blood from the intestines to the liver

It continues as hepatic veins, emptying into vena cava caudalis

Question 13

Spleen

Where is the spleen situated?

Answer 13

• Superficial layer of omentum major
• On top of curvatura major of the stomach on the left side

Question 14

Spleen

Give the compartments of the spleen (and linked to the spleen)

Answer 14

• Facies parietalis
  
  • ​Lateral surface
• Facies visceralis
  
  • ​Against the stomach
• Extremitas dorsalis
• Extremitas ventralis
• Margo cranialis
• Margo caudalis
• Hilus lienis
  
  • ​Site where the vessels connect to
  • Divides spleen into cranial and caudal surface
• Recessus lienalis
• Velum omentale
  
  • ​Attachment (suspension) between mesocolon and spleen

Question 15

Give the arterial blood supply of the spleen

Answer 15

A. lienalis

→ Ex. a. coeliaca → ex. a. aorta abdominalis

Question 16

Give the latin name for the spleen

Answer 16

Lien

Question 17

Give the latin name for the stomach

Answer 17

Ventriculus

Question 18

Ventriculus

Give the compartmenst of the stomach

Answer 18

1. Facies parietalis
   
   • Cranial surface, in contact with diaphragm
2. Facies visceralis
   
   • ​​Caudal surface, in contact with other abdominal viscera
3. Curvatura ventriculi major
   
   • ​​Gives attachment to omentum major
4. Curvatura ventriculi minor
   
   • ​​Marked by incisura angularis
   • Proximal to this flexure = corpus ventriculi
   • Connected to liver by omentum minor
5. Fundus ventriculi
   
   • ​​​​Part of the stomach that bulges above the level of the cardia
   • Separated from the cardia by incisura cardia
6. Corpus ventriculi
7. Pars pylorica
   
   • Antrum pyloricum
   • Canalis pylorica
   • ​​ M. sphincter pylori

Question 19

Ventriculus

What kind of hindgut does the dog have?

Answer 19

Totally glandular

Question 20

Give the blood supply of the stomach

Answer 20

• Aorta abdominalis
  
  • A. coeliaca (pull on the spleen)
    
    • ​A. lienalis
      
      • ​A. gastroepiploica sinistra
    • A. gastrica sinistra​
    • A. hepatica
      
      • ​A. gastrica dextra
      • A. gastroduodenalis
        
        • ​A. gastroepiploica dextra
        • A. pancreaticoduodenalis cranialis