Practical topic 4

Question 1

M. digastricus

Answer 1

Origin: Processus paracondylaris (os occipitalis)

Insertion: Ventral-ventromedial border of mandible

Action: Opens the jaw

Innervation:

• N. facialis - caudal belly
• N. trigeminus - rostral belly

Question 2

Gl. mandibularis

1. Type of secretion
2. Localization

Answer 2

1. Mucous secretion
2. Localization:
   
   • On the lateral side of the head, just caudal to the angle of the mandible.
   • Between v. maxillaris and v. linguofacialis

Shares capsule with gl. sublingualis

Question 3

Gl. sublingualis

1. Type of secretion
2. Localization

Answer 3

1. Mixed secretion
2. Localization:
   
   • Monostomatic part:
     
     • Rostral to gl. mandibularis, shares capsule with it
   • Polystomatic part:
     
     • Situated along the mandibular and sublingual ducts
     • Opens with separate ducts directly into the oral cavity in the sublingual recess

Question 4

Ductus mandibularis and ductus sublingualis

Localization

Answer 4

• Run together deep to m. digastricus
• Crosses over n. lingualis
• Opens at the frenulum of the tongue, at caruncula sublingualis

Question 5

Lc. mandibulare

Localization

Answer 5

• Ventral and rostral to gl. mandibulare
• Consists of 2-3 lymph nodes of both sides of v. facialis

Question 6

Lc. retropharyngeus medialis

Localization

Answer 6

• Dorsal to a. carotis communis, ventral to ala atlantis (lateral part)
• Caudal and deep to gl. mandibularis, on the trachea
• Dorsal to the pharynx

Question 7

V. linguofacialis

1. Ex. from
2. Branches

Answer 7

1. Ex. v. jugularis externa
2. Branches:
   
   • V. facialis
   • V. lingualis

Question 8

V. facialis

Branches

Answer 8

1. V. submentalis (terminates either in v. labialis inferior or arcus hyoideus
2. V. labialis inferior
3. V. labialis superior
4. V. profunda faciei (into m. masseter)
5. V. angularis oris
6. V. nasalis lateralis
7. V. nasalis dorsalis
8. V. angularis oculi

Question 9

V. angularis oris

1. Drains
2. Exit

Answer 9

1. Drains:
   
   • M. orbicularis oris
   • M. alveolaris mandibularis
   • M. maxillaris
2. May exit from one of them:
   
   • V. facialis
   • V. labialis inferior
   • V. labialis superior

Question 10

V. lingualis

Where does it begin?

Answer 10

Begins at the apex of the tongue

Question 11

V. lingualis

Give the branches

Answer 11

1. V. sublingualis
2. V. submentalis
3. V. laryngea impar
4. V. lingualis impar

Question 12

V. maxillaris

Into which vein does it drain into?

Answer 12

V. jugularis externa

Question 13

V. maxillaris

Give the branches from caudal to rostral

Answer 13

• V. auricularis caudalis
• V. temporalis superficialis
  
  • V. transversa faciei
  • V. auricularis rostralis
• V. alveolairs inferior