Practical topic 22 Flashcards
Give the tarsal extensors of the hindlimb
- M. Gastrocnemius
- Caput laterale
- Caput mediale
- M. Tibialis caudalis
- M. Flexor digitorum superficialis
- Tendo accessorius
- M. biceps femoris
- M. semitendinosus
- M. gracialis
M. Gastrocnemius, caput mediale
Origin:
- Tuberosita supracondylare medialis of femur
- (inside their heads - caput mediale et laterale - there are sesamoid/ Vesalius/ bones, former: fabellae)
Insertion: Tuber calcanei (as a part of common calcanei tendon).
Action:
- Flexes stifle
- Extends tarsus
Innervation: N. tibialis
Blood supply: Aa. poplitea et caudalis femoris distalis
M. Gastrocnemius, caput laterale
Origin:
- Tuberosita supracondylare lateralis of femur
- (inside their heads - caput mediale et laterale - there are sesamoid/ Vesalius/ bones, former: fabellae)
Insertion: Tuber calcanei (as a part of common calcanei tendon).
Action:
- Flexes stifle
- Extends tarsus
Innervation: N. tibialis
Blood supply: Aa. poplitea et caudalis femoris distalis
M. Tibialis caudalis
Origin: Caput of fibula, caudally.
Insertion: Medially at tarsus it radiates into tarsal fascia.
Action: Extends tarsus.
M. Flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin:
- Fossa supracondylaris of femur
- Partly fused with m. Gastrocnemius caput lateralis.
Insertion: Tendo plantaris turns medial to lateral direction around common calcaneal tendon. On the surface of tuber calcanei it makes a cap then finally attaches to middle phalanx of digits 2-5 on plantar surface.
Action:
- Flexes stifle
- Extends hock
- Flexes joints of digits 2-5
Innervation: N. tibialis
Blood supply:
- A. caudalis femoris distalis
- Forms galea calcanea, coveringthe CCA
Tendo accessorius
Origin: Tendon of m. Biceps femoris, m. Semitendinosus and m. gracilis
Insertion: On tuber calcanei
Action:
- Strongest extensor of tarsus
- Flexes the stifle
M. biceps femoris of tendo accessorius
Origin:
- Cranial part:
- Sacrotuberal ligament
- Caudal part:
- Tuber ischiadicum
Insertion:
- Fascial lata and crural fascial to:
- Patella
- Patellar ligament
- Tuberosita tibialis
- Crista tibia
- Tuber calcanei by an accessory tendon
Action:
- Cranial part extends hip and hock.
- Caudal part flexes stifle
Give the digital flexors of the hindlimb
- M. Flexor digitorum superficialis
- M. Flexor digitorum profundus
- M flexor digitorum medialis
- M flexor digitorum lateralis
M. Flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin:
- Fossa supracondylaris of femur
- Partly fused with m. Gastrocnemius caput lateralis.
Insertion: Tendo plantaris turns medial to lateral direction around common calcaneal tendon. On the surface of tuber calcanei it makes a cap then finally attaches to middle phalanx of digits 2-5 on plantar surface.
Action:
- Flexes stifle
- Extends hock
- Flexes joints of digits 2-5
Innervation: N. tibialis
Blood supply:
- A. caudalis femoris distalis
- Forms galea calcanea, coveringthe CCA
Which muscles does m. Flexor digitorum profundus consists of?
- Flexor hallucis longus
- Superficial
- Tibialis caudalis
- Behind hallucis
- Flexor digitalis longus
- Medial
M. Flexor digitorum profundus: M. tibialis caudalis
Origin: Caput fibulae, caudally
Insertion: In Ca: Medially at tarsus (radiates into tarsal fascia).
Action: Extends tarsus
M. Flexor digitorum profundus: M. Digitalis lateralis (hallucis longus)
Origin:
- Proximal caudal half of fibula
- Proximal caudolateral border of tibia
- Interosseus membrane
Insertion: Plantar surface of distal phalanx of digits 2-5, on tuberculum flexoria.
Action:
- Flexes digital joints
- Auxiliary extensor of the hock joint.
Innervation: N. tibialis
Blood supply: A. caudalis femoris distalis
M. Flexor digitorum profundus: M. Digitalis medialis (flexor digitalis longus)
Origin: Caudoproximally form tibia.
Insertion: Tuberculum flexoria on the plantar surface of the distal phalanx of digits 2-5
Action:
- Flexes digital joints
- Auxiliary extensor of the hock joint.
Innervation: N. tibialis
Blood supply: A. caudalis femoris distalis
