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History > Galileo Galilei > Flashcards

Galileo Galilei Flashcards

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1
Q

When was Galileo Galilei born and where?

A

Galileo was born on February 15, 1564, in Pisa, Italy.

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2
Q

What field did Galileo initially study before switching to mathematics?

A

Galileo initially studied medicine before switching to mathematics.

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3
Q

Name one major astronomical discovery made by Galileo.

A

Galileo discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter (the Galilean moons).

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4
Q

What tool did Galileo improve to make his astronomical discoveries?

A

Galileo improved the design of the telescope.

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5
Q

Which model of the universe did Galileo support?

A

Galileo supported the heliocentric model, which posits that the Earth revolves around the Sun.

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6
Q

What was the main controversy Galileo faced with the Catholic Church?

A

Galileo faced opposition for supporting the heliocentric model, which the Church considered heretical.

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7
Q

Which university did Galileo work at as a professor?

A

Galileo was a professor at the University of Padua.

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8
Q

What scientific method did Galileo emphasize?

A

Galileo emphasized observation, experimentation, and mathematical analysis.

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9
Q

Under what circumstances did Galileo spend the last years of his life?

A

“Galileo spent the last years of his life under house arrest after being found guilty of heresy.

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10
Q

What were the moons Galileo discovered around Jupiter later named?

A

The moons are known as the Galilean moons.

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11
Q

Which book by Galileo defended the heliocentric model?

A

The book was ‘Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems.’

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12
Q

Which Renaissance intellectual movement influenced Galileo’s work?

A

The Renaissance, with its emphasis on humanism and scientific inquiry, influenced Galileo’s work.

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13
Q

What is Galileo’s role in the development of the scientific method?

A

Galileo is considered a pioneer of the modern scientific method, advocating for empirical evidence.

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14
Q

Name one significant contribution Galileo made to physics.

A

Galileo contributed to the understanding of motion and inertia.

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15
Q

How did Galileo influence Isaac Newton’s work?

A

Galileo’s work on motion and physics laid the foundation for Newton’s laws of motion.

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15
Q

Which family member had a close relationship with Galileo through letters?

A

Galileo had a close relationship with his daughter, Maria Celeste.

16
Q

What period of intellectual change occurred during Galileo’s lifetime?

A

The Renaissance, a time of intellectual and cultural transformation, occurred during Galileo’s lifetime.

17
Q

What device did Galileo develop that could measure temperature changes?

A

Galileo developed the thermoscope.

18
Q

Fill in the blank: Galileo is often called the father of ______ science.

A

modern

19
Q

What was the nature of the challenge Galileo posed to Dante’s work?

A

Galileo claimed that Dante’s depiction of hell could be mathematically disproven.

20
Q

Where did Galileo allegedly conduct experiments by dropping objects to study gravity?

A

Galileo allegedly conducted these experiments at the Leaning Tower of Pisa.

21
Q

What mathematical observation did Galileo make about pendulums?

A

Galileo observed that the swinging motion of pendulums was constant, leading to the development of the pendulum clock.

21
Q

How are Galileo’s contributions to astronomy remembered today?

A

Galileo is remembered as a pioneer who helped establish heliocentrism and modern astronomy.

21
Q

Fill in the blank: Galileo’s observations of the Moon revealed _______ on its surface.

A

craters

22
Q

What was the main focus of Galileo’s book ‘Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems’?

A

The book focused on defending the heliocentric model of the universe.

23
Q

What was the outcome of Galileo’s trial by the Roman Inquisition in 1632?

A

Galileo was found guilty of heresy and forced to recant his views.

23
Q

How did the Catholic Church react to Galileo’s heliocentrism in 1616?

A

The Church condemned heliocentrism as heretical and warned Galileo to stop advocating for it.

24
Q

Which celestial body’s phases did Galileo observe that supported the heliocentric model?

A

Galileo observed the phases of Venus.

25
Q

What did Galileo’s discoveries about sunspots contribute to?

A

They challenged the idea of celestial perfection, showing that the Sun itself was not flawless.

25
Q

What is the modern name given to the moons Galileo discovered around Jupiter?

A

The Galilean moons.

History (233 decks)

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