Augusto Pinochet (1915–2006) Flashcards
Who was Augusto Pinochet?
A Chilean military officer and dictator who ruled Chile from 1973 to 1990.
When was Augusto Pinochet born?
November 25, 1915.
Where was Augusto Pinochet born?
Valparaíso, Chile.
How did Augusto Pinochet come to power?
Through a military coup that overthrew President Salvador Allende in 1973.
What group of economists influenced Pinochet’s economic policies?
The ‘Chicago Boys,’ a group of Chilean economists trained in the U.S.
What type of economic reforms did Pinochet implement?
Neoliberal reforms, including privatization and free-market policies.
What was the main political context in Chile during the early 1970s?
Chile was deeply divided between supporters of socialist President Allende and those fearing a communist shift.
What was the global political influence on Pinochet’s regime?
Cold War tensions and U.S. foreign policy, particularly the fear of communism, shaped Pinochet’s rise.
How many people were estimated to have been killed or disappeared during Pinochet’s regime?
Approximately 3,000 people.
What was the name of Pinochet’s secret police force?
The DINA.
What major political event occurred in Chile in 1988?
A plebiscite (referendum) was held, which Pinochet lost, leading to his eventual removal from power.
Which constitution did Pinochet introduce in 1980?
The 1980 constitution, which included provisions for a plebiscite.
How did Pinochet’s economic policies affect Chile?
They led to significant economic growth, but also increased social inequality.
What happened to Pinochet in London in 1998?
He was arrested on human rights charges but was later released due to health reasons.
Why was Pinochet never tried for his human rights abuses?
He avoided trial due to health reasons, including claims of dementia.
