David Hume Flashcards

1
Q

When was David Hume born?

A

David Hume was born on May 7, 1711.

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2
Q

Where was David Hume born?

A

David Hume was born in Edinburgh, Scotland.

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3
Q

Which university did David Hume attend at the age of 12?

A

The University of Edinburgh.

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4
Q

What field did Hume initially study to satisfy his family?

A

Law.

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5
Q

Which philosophical work by David Hume is considered his masterpiece but initially failed?

A

A Treatise of Human Nature.

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6
Q

What did David Hume argue about human knowledge?

A

Hume argued that all human knowledge comes from sensory experience.

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7
Q

Which of Hume’s works introduces his skepticism about causality?

A

An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding.

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8
Q

Which six-volume historical work did David Hume write?

A

History of England.

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9
Q

How did Hume influence later ethical theories?

A

Hume argued that morality is based on feelings and human psychology, influencing utilitarianism.

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10
Q

Which 18th-century intellectual movement was Hume a part of?

A

The Scottish Enlightenment.

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11
Q

Who did David Hume influence with his skepticism, prompting a famous philosophical response?

A

Immanuel Kant.

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12
Q

What was the broader intellectual focus of the Scottish Enlightenment?

A

The Scottish Enlightenment focused on reason, empiricism, and observation-based knowledge.

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13
Q

What did Hume argue about cause and effect?

A

Hume argued that we cannot observe necessary connections between cause and effect.

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14
Q

Which philosopher responded to Hume’s skepticism, claiming he was awakened from his ‘dogmatic slumber’?

A

Immanuel Kant.

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15
Q

What term is used to describe Hume’s stance on religious belief?

A

Skepticism.

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16
Q

What nickname was David Hume given in his later years due to his religious views and physical appearance?

A

The Great Infidel.

17
Q

Why did David Hume fail to secure a position at the University of Edinburgh?

A

He was blocked due to accusations of atheism.

18
Q

What impact did Hume’s ‘History of England’ have during his lifetime?

A

It became immensely popular and influenced British historical writing.

19
Q

Which philosophy did Hume’s ideas about human knowledge and experience help to shape?

A

Empiricism.

20
Q

Why is Hume remembered as a central figure in secular thought?

A

Hume challenged the rational basis of religious belief, influencing atheist and secular philosophy.

21
Q

How did Hume respond to criticisms of his religious skepticism?

A

He preferred to let his writings speak for themselves and avoided direct confrontation.

22
Q

What concept is central to Hume’s philosophy about how we gain knowledge?

A

Empiricism, which holds that knowledge comes from sensory experience.

23
Q

Which ethical theory was influenced by Hume’s argument that morality is based on human feelings?

A

Utilitarianism.

24
Q

What major work by Hume discusses the foundations of human morality?

A

An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals.

25
Q

What was the societal atmosphere during Hume’s life that influenced his work?

A

The Scottish Enlightenment, marked by intellectual progress in philosophy, science, and economics.

26
Q

Fill in the blank: David Hume is best known for his contributions to ____.

A

Empiricism and skepticism.

27
Q

Which intellectual circles did Hume interact with during his life?

A

Hume was part of the Scottish Enlightenment, interacting with thinkers like Adam Smith.

28
Q

What was one of Hume’s key personal traits, as noted by contemporaries?

A

He was known for his wit, affability, and sociability.

29
Q

Why did Hume refer to his ‘A Treatise of Human Nature’ as a failure?

A

It initially received little recognition and fell ‘dead-born from the press.’

30
Q

What personal challenge did Hume face in securing professional appointments?

A

His religious skepticism led to accusations of atheism, hindering his career prospects.

31
Q

What humorous nickname did Hume embrace in his later years?

A

The Great Infidel.