7.2: Experimental designs

Question 1

What are the 3 experimental designs?

Answer 1

The 3 experimental designs are the:

1. Independent groups design (IGD)
2. Repeated measures design (RMD)
3. Matched pairs design (MPD)

Question 2

Independent groups design (IGD)

Answer 2

The independent groups design (IGD) is an experimental design in which each participant performs one condition of an experiment

Question 3

The independent groups design (IGD) is an experimental design in which each participant performs one condition of an experiment.
It uses different participants in each of the experimental conditions, so what?

Answer 3

It uses different participants in each of the experimental conditions, so that each participant only does one condition (either the experimental or control condition)

Question 4

Repeated measures design (RMD)

Answer 4

The repeated measures design (RMD) is an experimental design where each participant performs all conditions of an experiment

Question 5

The repeated measures design (RMD) is an experimental design where each participant performs all conditions of an experiment.
Participants are therefore being tested against who?

Answer 5

Participants are therefore being tested against themselves

Question 6

What can control order effects in the repeated measures design?

Answer 6

Counterbalancing can control order effects in the repeated measures design

Question 7

Counterbalancing can control order effects in the repeated measures design, where what?

Answer 7

Counterbalancing can control order effects in the repeated measures design, where:

1. Half the participants do condition 1 followed by condition 2
2. The other half do condition 2 and then condition 1.

Question 8

Counterbalancing can control order effects in the repeated measures design, where half the participants do condition 1 followed by condition 2 and the other half do condition 2 and then condition 1.
Since we could write condition A and condition B instead of 1 and 2, what is counterbalancing is also known as?

Answer 8

Since we could write condition A and condition B instead of 1 and 2, counterbalancing is also known as the ABBA procedure

Question 9

Counterbalancing can control order effects in the repeated measures design, where half the participants do condition 1 followed by condition 2 and the other half do condition 2 and then condition 1.
Since we could write condition A and condition B instead of 1 and 2, counterbalancing is also known as the ABBA procedure - One group experiences condition A followed by condition B and the other group experiences condition B followed by condition A.
What does this do?

Answer 9

This balances out any order effects

Question 10

Matched pairs design (MPD)

Answer 10

The matched pairs design (MPD) is an experimental design where participants are in similar pairs, with one of each pair performing each condition

Question 11

The matched pairs design (MPD) is an experimental design where participants are in similar pairs, with one of each pair performing each condition.
What is the matched pairs design (MPD) a special kind of?

Answer 11

The matched pairs design (MPD) is a special kind of repeated measures design

Question 12

The matched pairs design (MPD) is an experimental design where participants are in similar pairs, with one of each pair performing each condition.
The matched pairs design (MPD) is a special kind of repeated measures design.
What participants are used in each condition?

Answer 12

Different, but similar, participants are used in each condition

Question 13

The matched pairs design (MPD) is an experimental design where participants are in similar pairs, with one of each pair performing each condition.
The matched pairs design (MPD) is a special kind of repeated measures design.
Different, but similar, participants are used in each condition.
How are participants matched?

Answer 13

Participants are matched on characteristics important for a particular study

Question 14

The matched pairs design (MPD) is an experimental design where participants are in similar pairs, with one of each pair performing each condition.
The matched pairs design (MPD) is a special kind of repeated measures design.
Different, but similar, participants are used in each condition.
Participants are matched on characteristics important for a particular study, such as what?

Answer 14

Participants are matched on characteristics important for a particular study, such as age

Question 15

The matched pairs design (MPD) is an experimental design where participants are in similar pairs, with one of each pair performing each condition.
The matched pairs design (MPD) is a special kind of repeated measures design.
Different, but similar, participants are used in each condition.
Participants are matched on characteristics important for a particular study, such as age.
Why are identical (monozygotic) twins often used?

Answer 15

Identical (monozygotic) twins are often used, because they form perfect matched pairs, sharing identical genetic characteristics