1.8: Other factors involved in the resistance of obedience Flashcards
Systematic processing
Systematic processing is analysis based upon critical thinking
Systematic processing:
Individuals are less likely to obey orders that have negative outcomes if they are given time to consider what?
Individuals are less likely to obey orders that have negative outcomes if they are given time to consider the consequences of what they have been ordered to do
Systematic processing:
Individuals are less likely to obey orders that have negative outcomes if they are given time to consider the consequences of what they have been ordered to do.
However, the expectation in many what, such as the armed forces, is that orders should be what?
The expectation in many institutional settings, such as the armed forces, is that orders should be complied with immediately without thought
Systematic processing:
Individuals are less likely to obey orders that have negative outcomes if they are given time to consider the consequences of what they have been ordered to do.
However, the expectation in many institutional settings, such as the armed forces, is that orders should be complied with immediately without thought.
Much basic training in the armed forces is concerned with achieving such a what?
Much basic training in the armed forces is concerned with achieving such a mindset
Systematic processing:
Individuals are less likely to obey orders that have negative outcomes if they are given time to consider the consequences of what they have been ordered to do.
However, the expectation in many institutional settings, such as the armed forces, is that orders should be complied with immediately without thought.
Much basic training in the armed forces is concerned with achieving such a mindset, because what situations would generally require what?
Much basic training in the armed forces is concerned with achieving such a mindset, because conflict situations would generally require immediate obedience
Systematic processing:
Who (what year) found that when participants were what, they were less likely to obey?
Martin et al. (2007) found that when participants were:
1. Encouraged
2. Allowed
to consider the content of an unreasonable order, they were less likely to obey
Systematic processing:
Martin et al. (2007) found that when participants were encouraged and allowed to consider the content of an unreasonable order, they were less likely to obey, demonstrating the power of what in resisting social influence?
Martin et al. (2007) found that when participants were:
1. Encouraged
2. Allowed
to consider the content of an unreasonable order, they were less likely to obey, demonstrating the power of systematic processing in resisting social influence
Systematic processing:
Who (what year) reported that disobedience increases when people are encouraged to question the what of the authority figure issuing an order?
Taylor et al. (1997) reported that disobedience increases when people are encouraged to question the motives of the authority figure issuing an order
Systematic processing:
Taylor et al. (1997) reported that disobedience increases when people are encouraged to question the motives of the authority figure issuing an order.
This suggests that systematic processing helps resist obedience by doing what?
This suggests that systematic processing helps resist obedience by lessening the legitimacy of authority figures
Morality
Morality is:
1. Decisions
2. Behaviour
based upon the perception of proper conduct
Morality:
Research has shown that individuals who make decisions on whether to obey or not based on what are more resistant to obedience than those who do not?
Research has shown that individuals who make decisions on whether to:
1. Obey
Or,
2. Not
based on moral considerations are more resistant to obedience than those who do not
Morality:
Who (what year) reported that one participant who did not fully obey stated in a what that he was a what?
Milgram (1974) reported that one participant who did not fully obey stated in a post-study interview that he was a vicar
Morality:
Milgram (1974) reported that one participant who did not fully obey stated in a post-study interview that he was a vicar and his disobedience had been based on him doing what?
Milgram (1974) reported that one participant who did not fully obey stated in a post-study interview that:
- He was a vicar
- His disobedience had been based on him ‘obeying a higher authority’ (God)
Morality:
Milgram (1974) reported that one participant who did not fully obey stated in a post-study interview that he was a vicar and his disobedience had been based on him ‘obeying a higher authority’ (God).
In other ways, his what had helped him resist what?
In other ways, the participant’s religious morality had helped him resist the authority figure’s commands to deliver the electric shocks
Moral dilemma
A moral dilemma is a choice between 2 alternatives involving a moral decision
A moral dilemma is a choice between 2 alternatives involving a moral decision.
Example
For example, whether to: 1. Keep Or, 2. Hand in money found on the street to the police
Morality:
Who (what year) gave moral dilemmas to participants from the Milgram study?
Kohlberg (1969) gave moral dilemmas to participants from the Milgram study
Kohlberg (1969) gave moral dilemmas to participants from the Milgram study, finding that those who based decisions on what were less obedient?
Kohlberg (1969) gave moral dilemmas to participants from the Milgram study, finding that those who based decisions on moral principles were less obedient
Kohlberg (1969) gave moral dilemmas to participants from the Milgram study, finding that those who based decisions on moral principles were less obedient, supporting the idea that morality can be used to do what?
Kohlberg (1969) gave moral dilemmas to participants from the Milgram study, finding that those who based decisions on moral principles were less obedient, supporting the idea that morality can be used to resist social influence
Personality
Personality is the combination of characteristics that forms an individual’s distinctive nature
Personality:
Although there is little evidence to support the idea of there being personality characteristics that help resist social influence, research does suggest that individuals who can do what are more able to resist orders with destructive consequences?
Although there is little evidence to support the idea of there being personality characteristics that help resist social influence, research does suggest that individuals who can empathise with the feelings of others are more able to resist orders with destructive consequences
Personality:
? and ? (what year) compared a sample of how many people who had sheltered Jews in Nazi Europe to a sample of how many people who had what?
Oliner and Oliner (1988) compared a sample of:
1. 406 people who had sheltered Jews in Nazi Europe
to a
2. 126 people who had also lived through the war, but hadn’t sheltered Jews
Personality:
Oliner and Oliner (1988) compared a sample of 406 people who had sheltered Jews in Nazi Europe
to a sample of 126 people who had also lived through the war, but hadn’t sheltered Jews.
It was found that those who rescued Jews reported an upbringing that did what?
It was found that those who rescued Jews reported an upbringing that:
- Stressed social norms of helping others
- Emphasised their empathy with the suffering of Jewish people
Personality:
Oliner and Oliner (1988) compared a sample of 406 people who had sheltered Jews in Nazi Europe
to a sample of 126 people who had also lived through the war, but hadn’t sheltered Jews.
It was found that those who rescued Jews reported an upbringing that stressed social norms of helping others and emphasised their empathy with the suffering of Jewish people.
As sheltering Jews was against the law in Nazi-occupied countries, it illustrates the importance of what as a personality characteristic that helps resist destructive obedience?
As sheltering Jews was against the law in Nazi-occupied countries, it illustrates the importance of empathy as a personality characteristic that helps resist destructive obedience
