1.2: Solomon Asch (1955) + Mori and Arai (2010)

Question 1

Solomon Asch was a what?

Answer 1

Solomon Asch was a Polish immigrant to the USA

Question 2

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed what with his groundbreaking research where?

Answer 2

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University

Question 3

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
Asch also taught who?

Answer 3

Asch also taught Stanley Milgram

Question 4

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
Asch also taught Stanley Milgram, who achieved later fame with his what?

Answer 4

Asch also taught Stanley Milgram, who achieved later fame with his studies of obedience

Question 5

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing what?

Answer 5

Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers

Question 6

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
Asch criticised what?

Answer 6

Asch criticised research like Jenness’ that only involved:

1. Ambiguous tasks
2. Uncertain situations

Question 7

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
Asch criticised research like Jenness’ that only involved ambiguous tasks and uncertain situations.
Beginning when, Asch conducted what?

Answer 7

Beginning in 1951, Asch conducted a series of experiments

Question 8

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
Asch criticised research like Jenness’ that only involved ambiguous tasks and uncertain situations.
Beginning in 1951, Asch conducted a series of experiments, doing what as he progressed?

Answer 8

Beginning in 1951, Asch conducted a series of experiments:
1. Adding
2. Publishing
new data as he progressed

Question 9

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
What was the aim of Asch’s study?

Answer 9

The aim of Asch’s study was to investigate the degree to which individuals would conform to a majority who gave obviously wrong answers

Question 10

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
What was the method and procedure of Asch’s study?

Answer 10

The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception

Question 11

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that:
1. 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception.
Individual participants were what?

Answer 11

Individual participants were placed in groups with between:
1. 7
2. 9
others

Question 12

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that:
1. 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception.
Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat how?

Answer 12

Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat either:
1. In a line
Or,
2. Around a table

Question 13

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that:
1. 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception.
Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat either in a line, or around a table, who in reality were what?

Answer 13

Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat either:
1. In a line
Or,
2. Around a table
,who in reality were confederates

Question 14

Confederates

Answer 14

Confederates are:
1. Individuals who pretend to be participants or researchers in research studies, but who are actually playing a part
Or,
2. Actors

Question 15

Confederates are individuals who pretend to be participants or researchers in research studies, but who are actually playing a part or actors.
Confederates are also known as what?

Answer 15

Confederates are also known as:

1. Pseudo-participants
2. Stooges

Question 16

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that:
1. 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception.
Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat either in a line, or around a table, who in reality were confederates.
The task was to say what on 18 different trials?

Answer 16

The task was to say which comparison line:
1. A
2. B
Or,
3. C
,was the same as a stimulus line on 18 different trials

Question 17

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that:
1. 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception.
Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat either in a line, or around a table, who in reality were confederates.
The task was to say which comparison line, A, B or C, was the same as a stimulus line on 18 different trials.
How many of these were ‘critical’ trials?

Answer 17

12 of these were ‘critical’ trials

Question 18

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that:
1. 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception.
Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat either in a line, or around a table, who in reality were confederates.
The task was to say which comparison line, A, B or C, was the same as a stimulus line on 18 different trials.
12 of these were ‘critical’ trials, where what?

Answer 18

12 of these were ‘critical’ trials, where:

1. Confederates gave identical wrong answers
2. The naïve (real) participants always answered last or last but one

Question 19

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that:
1. 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception.
Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat either in a line, or around a table, who in reality were confederates.
The task was to say which comparison line, A, B or C, was the same as a stimulus line on 18 different trials.
12 of these were ‘critical’ trials, where confederates gave identical wrong answers and the naïve (real) participants always answered last or last but one.
2. There was also a what?

Answer 19

There was also a control group of 36 participants

Question 20

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that:
1. 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception.
Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat either in a line, or around a table, who in reality were confederates.
The task was to say which comparison line, A, B or C, was the same as a stimulus line on 18 different trials.
12 of these were ‘critical’ trials, where confederates gave identical wrong answers and the naïve (real) participants always answered last or last but one.
2. There was also a control group of 36 participants, who were what?

Answer 20

There was also a control group of 36 participants, who were tested individually on 20 trials

Question 21

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The method and procedure of Asch’s study was that:
1. 123 American male student volunteers took part in what they were told was a study of visual perception.
Individual participants were placed in groups with between 7 and 9 others, sat either in a line, or around a table, who in reality were confederates.
The task was to say which comparison line, A, B or C, was the same as a stimulus line on 18 different trials.
12 of these were ‘critical’ trials, where confederates gave identical wrong answers and the naïve (real) participants always answered last or last but one.
2. There was also a control group of 36 participants, who were tested individually on 20 trials, to test what?

Answer 21

There was also a control group of 36 participants, who were tested individually on 20 trials, to test how accurate individual judgements were

Question 22

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that the control group had an error rate of what?

Answer 22

The findings of Asch’s study are that the control group had an error rate of only 0.04%

Question 23

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04%, which was what?

Answer 23

The findings of Asch’s study are that the control group had an error rate of only 0.04%, which was:
1. 3 mistakes
Out of
2. 720 trials

Question 24

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows what?

Answer 24

The findings of Asch’s study are that the control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were

Question 25

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were.
2. On the 12 critical trials, there was a what conformity rate to wrong answers?

Answer 25

The findings of Asch’s study are that on the 12 critical trials, there was a 32% conformity rate to wrong answers

Question 26

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were.
2. On the 12 critical trials, there was a 32% conformity rate to wrong answers.
3. What participants conformed to at least one wrong answer?

Answer 26

The findings of Asch’s study are that 75% of participants conformed to at least one wrong answer

Question 27

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were.
2. On the 12 critical trials, there was a 32% conformity rate to wrong answers.
3. 75% of participants conformed to at least one wrong answer, meaning that 25% what?

Answer 27

The findings of Asch’s study are that 75% of participants conformed to at least one wrong answer, meaning that 25% never conformed

Question 28

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were.
2. On the 12 critical trials, there was a 32% conformity rate to wrong answers.
3. 75% of participants conformed to at least one wrong answer, meaning that 25% never conformed.
4. 5% of participants did what?

Answer 28

The findings of Asch’s study are that 5% of participants conformed to all 12 wrong answers

Question 29

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were.
2. On the 12 critical trials, there was a 32% conformity rate to wrong answers.
3. 75% of participants conformed to at least one wrong answer, meaning that 25% never conformed.
4. 5% of participants conformed to all 12 wrong answers.
5. What with participants found what?

Answer 29

The findings of Asch’s study are that post-experiment interviews with participants found 3 reasons for conformity, distortion of:

1. Action
2. Perception
3. Judgement

Question 30

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were.
2. On the 12 critical trials, there was a 32% conformity rate to wrong answers.
3. 75% of participants conformed to at least one wrong answer, meaning that 25% never conformed.
4. 5% of participants conformed to all 12 wrong answers.
5. Post-experiment interviews with participants found 3 reasons for conformity, distortion of action, distortion of perception and distortion of judgement.
What is distortion of action?

Answer 30

Distortion of action is where the majority of participants who conformed did so:
1. Publicly
,But not
2. Privately

Question 31

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were.
2. On the 12 critical trials, there was a 32% conformity rate to wrong answers.
3. 75% of participants conformed to at least one wrong answer, meaning that 25% never conformed.
4. 5% of participants conformed to all 12 wrong answers.
5. Post-experiment interviews with participants found 3 reasons for conformity, distortion of action, distortion of perception and distortion of judgement.
Distortion of action is where the majority of participants who conformed did so publicly, but not privately, because they wished to avoid what?

Answer 31

Distortion of action is where the majority of participants who conformed did so:
1. Publicly
,But not
2. Privately
,because they wished to avoid ridicule

Question 32

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were.
2. On the 12 critical trials, there was a 32% conformity rate to wrong answers.
3. 75% of participants conformed to at least one wrong answer, meaning that 25% never conformed.
4. 5% of participants conformed to all 12 wrong answers.
5. Post-experiment interviews with participants found 3 reasons for conformity, distortion of action, distortion of perception and distortion of judgement.
What is distortion of perception?

Answer 32

Distortion of perception is where some participants:

1. Believed their perception must actually be wrong
2. So conformed

Question 33

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The findings of Asch’s study are that:
1. The control group had an error rate of only 0.04% (3 mistakes out of 720 trials), which shows how obvious the correct answers were.
2. On the 12 critical trials, there was a 32% conformity rate to wrong answers.
3. 75% of participants conformed to at least one wrong answer, meaning that 25% never conformed.
4. 5% of participants conformed to all 12 wrong answers.
5. Post-experiment interviews with participants found 3 reasons for conformity, distortion of action, distortion of perception and distortion of judgement.
What is distortion of judgement?

Answer 33

Distortion of judgement is where some participants:

1. Had doubts concerning the accuracy of their judgements
2. So conformed to the majority view

Question 34

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The conclusions of Asch’s study are that the judgments of individuals are affected by what?

Answer 34

The conclusions of Asch’s study are that the judgments of individuals are affected by majority opinions

Question 35

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The conclusions of Asch’s study are that:
1. The judgments of individuals are affected by majority opinions, even when what?

Answer 35

The conclusions of Asch’s study are that the judgments of individuals are affected by majority opinions, even when the majority are obviously wrong

Question 36

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The conclusions of Asch’s study are that:
1. The judgments of individuals are affected by majority opinions, even when the majority are obviously wrong.
2. There are big individual differences in what?

Answer 36

The conclusions of Asch’s study are that there are big individual differences in the amount to which people are affected by majority influence

Question 37

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The conclusions of Asch’s study are that:
1. The judgments of individuals are affected by majority opinions, even when the majority are obviously wrong.
2. There are big individual differences in the amount to which people are affected by majority influence.
As most participants conformed publicly, but not privately, it suggests that they were motivated by what?

Answer 37

The conclusions of Asch’s study are that as most participants conformed publicly, but not privately, it suggests that they were motivated by normative social influence (NSI)

Question 38

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that Asch’s method for studying conformity became a what?

Answer 38

The evaluation of Asch’s study is that Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm

Question 39

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the what?

Answer 39

The evaluation of Asch’s study is that Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research

Question 40

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is what?

Answer 40

The evaluation of Asch’s study is that because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is:

1. Uneconomical
2. Time-consuming

Question 41

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is uneconomical and time-consuming.
Who performed similar research?

Answer 41

Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research

Question 42

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is uneconomical and time-consuming.
Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research, but improved on the procedure by doing what?

Answer 42

Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research, but improved on the procedure by testing several participants at once

Question 43

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is uneconomical and time-consuming.
Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research, but improved on the procedure by testing several participants at once.
3. The situation was unrealistic and so lacked what?

Answer 43

The evaluation of Asch’s study is that the situation:

1. Was unrealistic
2. So lacked mundane realism

Question 44

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is uneconomical and time-consuming.
Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research, but improved on the procedure by testing several participants at once.
3. The situation was unrealistic and so lacked mundane realism.
It would be unusual to be in a situation where you would disagree so much with others as to what was what in a situation?

Answer 44

It would be unusual to be in a situation where you would disagree so much with others as to what was the ‘correct’ answer in a situation

Question 45

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is uneconomical and time-consuming.
Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research, but improved on the procedure by testing several participants at once.
3. The situation was unrealistic and so lacked mundane realism.
It would be unusual to be in a situation where you would disagree so much with others as to what was the ‘correct’ answer in a situation.
4. Asch’s study was what, because it involved deceit?

Answer 45

The evaluation of Asch’s study is that Asch’s study was unethical, because it involved deceit

Question 46

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is uneconomical and time-consuming.
Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research, but improved on the procedure by testing several participants at once.
3. The situation was unrealistic and so lacked mundane realism.
It would be unusual to be in a situation where you would disagree so much with others as to what was the ‘correct’ answer in a situation.
4. Asch’s study was unethical, because it involved deceit, as participants believed it was what?

Answer 46

The evaluation of Asch’s study is that Asch’s study was unethical, because it involved deceit, as participants believed it was a study of visual perception

Question 47

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is uneconomical and time-consuming.
Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research, but improved on the procedure by testing several participants at once.
3. The situation was unrealistic and so lacked mundane realism.
It would be unusual to be in a situation where you would disagree so much with others as to what was the ‘correct’ answer in a situation.
4. Asch’s study was unethical, because it involved deceit, as participants believed it was a study of visual perception.
It also involved what?

Answer 47

Asch’s study also involved psychological harm

Question 48

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is uneconomical and time-consuming.
Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research, but improved on the procedure by testing several participants at once.
3. The situation was unrealistic and so lacked mundane realism.
It would be unusual to be in a situation where you would disagree so much with others as to what was the ‘correct’ answer in a situation.
4. Asch’s study was unethical, because it involved deceit, as participants believed it was a study of visual perception.
Asch’s study also involved psychological harm, with participants put under what through what?

Answer 48

Asch’s study also involved psychological harm, with participants put under stress through disagreeing with others

Question 49

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
The evaluation of Asch’s study is that:
1. Asch’s method for studying conformity became a paradigm, the accepted way of conducting conformity research.
2. Because only one real participant is tested at a time, the procedure is uneconomical and time-consuming.
Crutchfield (1954) performed similar research, but improved on the procedure by testing several participants at once.
3. The situation was unrealistic and so lacked mundane realism.
It would be unusual to be in a situation where you would disagree so much with others as to what was the ‘correct’ answer in a situation.
4. Asch’s study was unethical, because it involved deceit, as participants believed it was a study of visual perception.
Asch’s study also involved psychological harm, with participants put under stress through disagreeing with others.
5. As the overall conformity rate on the critical trials was only 32%, what of the participants, the majority of people are actually what?

Answer 49

The evaluation of Asch’s study is that as the overall conformity rate on the critical trials was only 32%, 1/3 of the participants, the majority of people are actually:
1. Not conformist
But
2. Independent

Question 50

Mori and Arai (2010):

Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of what?

Answer 50

Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of demand characteristics

Question 51

Mori and Arai (2010):
Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of demand characteristics.
The confederates weren’t what and therefore participants may have realised what?

Answer 51

The confederates weren’t trained actors and therefore participants may have realised that the confederates’ answers weren’t real

Question 52

Mori and Arai (2010):
Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of demand characteristics.
The confederates weren’t trained actors and therefore participants may have realised that the confederates’ answers weren’t real and so just did what, as that is what they thought the researcher wanted them to do?

Answer 52

The confederates weren’t trained actors and therefore participants:

1. May have realised that the confederates’ answers weren’t real
2. So just pretended to conform, as that is what they thought the researcher wanted them to do

Question 53

Mori and Arai (2010):
Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of demand characteristics.
The confederates weren’t trained actors and therefore participants may have realised that the confederates’ answers weren’t real and so just pretended to conform, as that is what they thought the researcher wanted them to do.
Mori and Arai’s solution was what?

Answer 53

Mori and Arai’s solution was the MORI technique

Question 54

Mori and Arai (2010):
Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of demand characteristics.
Mori and Arai’s solution was the MORI technique.
Participants wore what?

Answer 54

Participants wore filter glasses

Question 55

Mori and Arai (2010):
Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of demand characteristics.
Mori and Arai’s solution was the MORI technique.
Participants wore filter glasses, allowing them to do what?

Answer 55

Participants wore filter glasses, allowing them to:
1. Look at the same stimuli
,But
2. See different things

Question 56

Mori and Arai (2010):
Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of demand characteristics.
Mori and Arai’s solution was the MORI technique.
Participants wore filter glasses, allowing them to look at the same stimuli, but see different things.
One participant in each group did what?

Answer 56

One participant in each group wore different glasses

Question 57

Mori and Arai (2010):
Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of demand characteristics.
Mori and Arai’s solution was the MORI technique.
Participants wore filter glasses, allowing them to look at the same stimuli, but see different things.
One participant in each group wore different glasses, thus perceiving what?

Answer 57

One participant in each group wore different glasses, thus perceiving a different comparison line to match to the stimulus line

Question 58

Mori and Arai (2010):
Asch’s study became a paradigm study, but a major criticism was that of demand characteristics.
Mori and Arai’s solution was the MORI technique.
Participants wore filter glasses, allowing them to look at the same stimuli, but see different things.
One participant in each group wore different glasses, thus perceiving a different comparison line to match to the stimulus line.
Asch’s study also only used what, while this study additionally used what?

Answer 58

Asch’s study also only used males, while this study additionally used females

Question 59

Mori and Arai (2010):

What was the aim of Mori and Arai’s study?

Answer 59

The aim of Mori and Arai’s study was to reproduce the Asch experiment, but without a need for confederates

Question 60

Mori and Arai (2010):

The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that what?

Answer 60

The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4

Question 61

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat where, with the seat order what?

Answer 61

Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised

Question 62

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud what?

Answer 62

Participants:

1. Sat around a table, with the seat order randomised
2. Had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line

Question 63

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line.
The same what were used as in Asch’s study?

Answer 63

The same:
1. Comparison
2. Stimulus
lines were used as in Asch’s study

Question 64

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line.
The same comparison and stimulus lines were used as in Asch’s study.
2. Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent what?

Answer 64

Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare

Question 65

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line.
The same comparison and stimulus lines were used as in Asch’s study.
2. Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare, with the 3rd participant in each group wearing different glasses, which made them see what?

Answer 65

Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare, with the 3rd participant in each group wearing different glasses, which made them see a:
1. Shorter
Or,
2. Longer
comparison line to the other 3 participants

Question 66

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line.
The same comparison and stimulus lines were used as in Asch’s study.
2. Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare, with the 3rd participant in each group wearing different glasses, which made them see a shorter or longer comparison line to the other 3 participants on how many of how many ‘critical’ trials?

Answer 66

Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare, with the 3rd participant in each group wearing different glasses, which made them see a:
1. Shorter
Or,
2. Longer
comparison line to the other 3 participants on 12 of 18 ‘critical’ trials

Question 67

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line.
The same comparison and stimulus lines were used as in Asch’s study.
2. Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare, with the 3rd participant in each group wearing different glasses, which made them see a shorter or longer comparison line to the other 3 participants on 12 of 18 ‘critical’ trials.
The other 6 trials were what?

Answer 67

The other 6 trials were neutral

Question 68

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line.
The same comparison and stimulus lines were used as in Asch’s study.
2. Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare, with the 3rd participant in each group wearing different glasses, which made them see a shorter or longer comparison line to the other 3 participants on 12 of 18 ‘critical’ trials.
The other 6 trials were neutral, where what?

Answer 68

The other 6 trials were neutral, where participants all saw the same thing

Question 69

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line.
The same comparison and stimulus lines were used as in Asch’s study.
2. Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare, with the 3rd participant in each group wearing different glasses, which made them see a shorter or longer comparison line to the other 3 participants on 12 of 18 ‘critical’ trials.
The other 6 trials were neutral, where participants all saw the same thing.
3. Participants then answered what?

Answer 69

Participants then answered a questionnaire

Question 70

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line.
The same comparison and stimulus lines were used as in Asch’s study.
2. Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare, with the 3rd participant in each group wearing different glasses, which made them see a shorter or longer comparison line to the other 3 participants on 12 of 18 ‘critical’ trials.
The other 6 trials were neutral, where participants all saw the same thing.
3. Participants then answered a questionnaire containing what?

Answer 70

Participants then answered a questionnaire containing 22 questions taken from the interview Asch used with his participants

Question 71

Mori and Arai (2010):
The method and procedure of Mori and Arai’s study was that:
1. 104 Japanese undergraduates were put in same-sex groups of 4.
Participants sat around a table, with the seat order randomised and had to say aloud which of 3 comparison lines matched a stimulus line.
The same comparison and stimulus lines were used as in Asch’s study.
2. Participants wore sunglasses, supposedly to prevent glare, with the 3rd participant in each group wearing different glasses, which made them see a shorter or longer comparison line to the other 3 participants on 12 of 18 ‘critical’ trials.
The other 6 trials were neutral, where participants all saw the same thing.
3. Participants then answered a questionnaire containing 22 questions taken from the interview Asch used with his participants.
Among the questions were ones asking whether participants what?

Answer 71

Among the questions were ones asking whether participants:

1. Were suspicious about the images seen
2. Had noticed the others answering differently
3. Were sure of their answers
4. Were influenced by the others’ answers if not confident of their own judgements

Question 72

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the what majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines did what how often?

Answer 72

The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time

Question 73

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant what?

Answer 73

The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences

Question 74

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences.
2. The what minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines did what how often?

Answer 74

The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 26 minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 19.6% of the time

Question 75

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences.
2. The 26 minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 19.6% of the time.
However, female minority participants answered incorrectly how often?

Answer 75

Female minority participants answered incorrectly 28.6% of the time

Question 76

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences.
2. The 26 minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 19.6% of the time.
However, female minority participants answered incorrectly 28.6% of the time, while for males it was how often?

Answer 76

Female minority participants answered incorrectly 28.6% of the time, while for males it was only 5% of the time

Question 77

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences.
2. The 26 minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 19.6% of the time.
However, female minority participants answered incorrectly 28.6% of the time, while for males it was only 5% of the time.
3. With females, the results were similar to what?

Answer 77

The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that with females, the results were similar to Asch’s

Question 78

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences.
2. The 26 minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 19.6% of the time.
However, female minority participants answered incorrectly 28.6% of the time, while for males it was only 5% of the time.
3. With females, the results were similar to Asch’s, with what how often?

Answer 78

The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that with females, the results were similar to Asch’s, with the majority conforming to wrong answers on the 12 critical trials an average of 4.41 times

Question 79

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences.
2. The 26 minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 19.6% of the time.
However, female minority participants answered incorrectly 28.6% of the time, while for males it was only 5% of the time.
3. With females, the results were similar to Asch’s, with the majority conforming to wrong answers on the 12 critical trials an average of 4.41 times, compared to what in Asch’s study?

Answer 79

The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that with females, the results were similar to Asch’s, with the majority conforming to wrong answers on the 12 critical trials an average of 4.41 times, compared to 3.44 times in Asch’s study

Question 80

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences.
2. The 26 minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 19.6% of the time.
However, female minority participants answered incorrectly 28.6% of the time, while for males it was only 5% of the time.
3. With females, the results were similar to Asch’s, with the majority conforming to wrong answers on the 12 critical trials an average of 4.41 times, compared to 3.44 times in Asch’s study, but male conformity was not what?

Answer 80

The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that with females, the results were similar to Asch’s, with the majority conforming to wrong answers on the 12 critical trials an average of 4.41 times, compared to 3.44 times in Asch’s study, but male conformity was not noticeable

Question 81

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences.
2. The 26 minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 19.6% of the time.
However, female minority participants answered incorrectly 28.6% of the time, while for males it was only 5% of the time.
3. With females, the results were similar to Asch’s, with the majority conforming to wrong answers on the 12 critical trials an average of 4.41 times, compared to 3.44 times in Asch’s study, but male conformity was not noticeable.
This is what?

Answer 81

This is noteworthy

Question 82

Mori and Arai (2010):
The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. The findings of Mori and Arai’s study are that the 78 majority participants who saw the correct-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 8.2% of the time, with no significant gender differences.
2. The 26 minority participants who saw the different-sized comparison lines answered incorrectly 19.6% of the time.
However, female minority participants answered incorrectly 28.6% of the time, while for males it was only 5% of the time.
3. With females, the results were similar to Asch’s, with the majority conforming to wrong answers on the 12 critical trials an average of 4.41 times, compared to 3.44 times in Asch’s study, but male conformity was not noticeable.
Why is this noteworthy?

Answer 82

This is noteworthy, because all participants in Asch’s study were male

Question 83

Mori and Arai (2010):

The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that minority participants noticed what?

Answer 83

The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that minority participants noticed that their judgements were different

Question 84

Mori and Arai (2010):
The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. Minority participants noticed that their judgements were different, but none reported what?

Answer 84

The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that minority participants noticed that their judgements were different, but none reported suspicions concerning the honesty of majority participants’ answers

Question 85

Mori and Arai (2010):
The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. Minority participants noticed that their judgements were different, but none reported suspicions concerning the honesty of majority participants’ answers, therefore it suggests what?

Answer 85

The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that minority participants noticed that their judgements were different, but none reported suspicions concerning the honesty of majority participants’ answers, therefore it suggests that demand characteristics did not occur

Question 86

Mori and Arai (2010):
The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. Minority participants noticed that their judgements were different, but none reported suspicions concerning the honesty of majority participants’ answers, therefore it suggests that demand characteristics did not occur.
2. Unlike Asch’s findings, the frequency of what was similar regardless of what?

Answer 86

The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that unlike Asch’s findings, the frequency of conformity of minority participants was similar regardless of whether:
1. The majority answered unanimously
Or,
2. Not

Question 87

Mori and Arai (2010):
The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. Minority participants noticed that their judgements were different, but none reported suspicions concerning the honesty of majority participants’ answers, therefore it suggests that demand characteristics did not occur.
2. Unlike Asch’s findings, the frequency of conformity of minority participants was similar regardless of whether the majority answered unanimously or not.
This suggests what?

Answer 87

This suggests that the number of people in a majority group has little effect on conformity levels

Question 88

Mori and Arai (2010):
The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. Minority participants noticed that their judgements were different, but none reported suspicions concerning the honesty of majority participants’ answers, therefore it suggests that demand characteristics did not occur.
2. Unlike Asch’s findings, the frequency of conformity of minority participants was similar regardless of whether the majority answered unanimously or not.
This suggests that the number of people in a majority group has little effect on conformity levels.
3. As women conformed more than men, it suggests that what have occurred since Asch’s study?

Answer 88

The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that as women conformed more than men, it suggests that:
1. Cultural
Or,
2. Generational
differences have occurred since Asch’s study

Question 89

Mori and Arai (2010):
The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that:
1. Minority participants noticed that their judgements were different, but none reported suspicions concerning the honesty of majority participants’ answers, therefore it suggests that demand characteristics did not occur.
2. Unlike Asch’s findings, the frequency of conformity of minority participants was similar regardless of whether the majority answered unanimously or not.
This suggests that the number of people in a majority group has little effect on conformity levels.
3. As women conformed more than men, it suggests that cultural or generational differences have occurred since Asch’s study.
4. As no majority participants laughed at the performance of minority participants, conformity cannot have occurred due to what?

Answer 89

The conclusions of Mori and Arai’s study are that as no majority participants laughed at the performance of minority participants, conformity cannot have occurred due to fear of ridicule

Question 90

Mori and Arai (2010):

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that this new procedure could provide what?

Answer 90

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that this new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity

Question 91

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially where?

Answer 91

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that this new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in:

1. Natural settings
2. Social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical

Question 92

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as what?

Answer 92

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that this new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in:

1. Natural settings
2. Social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children

Question 93

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. The new procedure is still what?

Answer 93

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that the new procedure is still unethical

Question 94

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. Why is the new procedure still unethical?

Answer 94

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that the new procedure is still unethical, because participants were deceived into thinking that the sunglasses were worn to prevent glare

Question 95

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. The new procedure is still unethical, because participants were deceived into thinking that the sunglasses were worn to prevent glare.
3. Conformity may have occurred due to both what?

Answer 95

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that conformity may have occurred due to both:

1. Normative social influence (a desire to be accepted)
2. Informational social influence (a desire to be correct)

Question 96

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. The new procedure is still unethical, because participants were deceived into thinking that the sunglasses were worn to prevent glare.
3. Conformity may have occurred due to both NSI (a desire to be accepted) and ISI (a desire to be correct).
4. Why do both Asch’s and Mori and Arai’s studies lack mundane realism?

Answer 96

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that both:
1. Asch’s
2. Mori and Arai’s
studies lack mundane realism, because comparing line sizes isn’t something that is often done in real life

Question 97

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. The new procedure is still unethical, because participants were deceived into thinking that the sunglasses were worn to prevent glare.
3. Conformity may have occurred due to both NSI (a desire to be accepted) and ISI (a desire to be correct).
4. Both Mori and Arai’s studies lack mundane realism, because comparing line sizes isn’t something that is often done in real life.
5. Mori and Arai’s study may be more what?

Answer 97

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that Mori and Arai’s study may be more externally valid

Question 98

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. The new procedure is still unethical, because participants were deceived into thinking that the sunglasses were worn to prevent glare.
3. Conformity may have occurred due to both NSI (a desire to be accepted) and ISI (a desire to be correct).
4. Both Mori and Arai’s studies lack mundane realism, because comparing line sizes isn’t something that is often done in real life.
5. Mori and Arai’s study may be more externally valid, because what?

Answer 98

The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that Mori and Arai’s study may be more externally valid, because the participants knew each other

Question 99

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. The new procedure is still unethical, because participants were deceived into thinking that the sunglasses were worn to prevent glare.
3. Conformity may have occurred due to both NSI (a desire to be accepted) and ISI (a desire to be correct).
4. Both Mori and Arai’s studies lack mundane realism, because comparing line sizes isn’t something that is often done in real life.
5. Mori and Arai’s study may be more externally valid, because the participants knew each other.
Real-life conformity tends to occur among what?

Answer 99

Real-life conformity tends to occur among acquainted people

Question 100

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. The new procedure is still unethical, because participants were deceived into thinking that the sunglasses were worn to prevent glare.
3. Conformity may have occurred due to both NSI (a desire to be accepted) and ISI (a desire to be correct).
4. Both Mori and Arai’s studies lack mundane realism, because comparing line sizes isn’t something that is often done in real life.
5. Mori and Arai’s study may be more externally valid, because the participants knew each other.
Real-life conformity tends to occur among acquainted people, like what?

Answer 100

Real-life conformity tends to occur among acquainted people, like family members

Question 101

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. The new procedure is still unethical, because participants were deceived into thinking that the sunglasses were worn to prevent glare.
3. Conformity may have occurred due to both NSI (a desire to be accepted) and ISI (a desire to be correct).
4. Both Mori and Arai’s studies lack mundane realism, because comparing line sizes isn’t something that is often done in real life.
5. Mori and Arai’s study may be more externally valid, because the participants knew each other.
Real-life conformity tends to occur among acquainted people, like family members, rather than where?

Answer 101

Real-life conformity tends to occur among acquainted people, like family members, rather than in Asch-type situations

Question 102

Mori and Arai (2010):
The evaluation of Mori and Arai’s study is that:
1. This new procedure could provide an effective means of examining conformity, especially in natural settings and in social situations where the use of confederates wouldn’t be practical, such as with children.
2. The new procedure is still unethical, because participants were deceived into thinking that the sunglasses were worn to prevent glare.
3. Conformity may have occurred due to both NSI (a desire to be accepted) and ISI (a desire to be correct).
4. Both Mori and Arai’s studies lack mundane realism, because comparing line sizes isn’t something that is often done in real life.
5. Mori and Arai’s study may be more externally valid, because the participants knew each other.
Real-life conformity tends to occur among acquainted people, like family members, rather than in Asch-type situations where what?

Answer 102

Real-life conformity tends to occur among acquainted people, like family members, rather than in Asch-type situations where decisions are made among strangers

Question 103

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
Why did the participants conform so readily?
When they were interviewed after the experiment, most of the participants said that they did not really what?

Answer 103

When they were interviewed after the experiment, most of the participants said that they did not really believe their conforming answers

Question 104

When did Asch’s conformity study take place?

Answer 104

Asch’s conformity study took place in 1955

Question 105

When did Mori and Arai’s conformity study take place?

Answer 105

Mori and Arai’s conformity study took place in 2010

Question 106

In Asch’s 1955 conformity study, Asch found that with a partner, what percentage yielded to the group?

Answer 106

In Asch’s 1955 conformity study, Asch found that with a partner, 5% yielded to the group

Question 107

In Asch’s 1955 conformity study, Asch found that with a partner, 5% yielded to the group, compared to what percentage without a partner?

Answer 107

In Asch’s 1955 conformity study, Asch found that with a partner, 5% yielded to the group, compared to 32% without a partner

Question 108

In Asch’s 1955 conformity study, Asch found that with a partner, 5% yielded to the group, compared to 32% without a partner.
Asch also found out that you are how much more likely to not conform if you did what compared to saying it out loud?

Answer 108

Asch also found out that you are 2/3 more likely to not conform if you wrote it down compared to saying it out loud

Question 109

In Asch’s 1955 conformity study, Asch found that with a partner, 5% yielded to the group, compared to 32% without a partner.
Asch also found out that you are 2/3 more likely to not conform if you wrote it down compared to saying it out loud, because you are avoiding what?

Answer 109

Asch also found out that you are 2/3 more likely to not conform if you wrote it down compared to saying it out loud, because you are avoiding group embarassment

Question 110

Solomon Asch, a Polish immigrant to the USA, transformed the study of social influence with his groundbreaking research at Harvard University.
1955:
Asch was interested in testing conformity to obviously incorrect answers.
Why did the participants conform so readily?
When they were interviewed after the experiment, most of the participants said that they did not really believe their conforming answers, but had done what for fear of being what?

Answer 110

When they were interviewed after the experiment, most of the participants said that they did not really believe their conforming answers, but had gone along with the group for fear of being:
1. Ridiculed
Or,
2. Thought of as ‘peculiar’