2.2: The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS)

Question 1

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or what, handles what information?

Answer 1

1. The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS)
   Or,
2. Inner eye
   handles non-phonological information

Question 2

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye, handles non-phonological information and is a what store for what items?

Answer 2

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye:

1. Handles non-phonological information
2. Is a temporary store for visual and spatial items

Question 3

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye, handles non-phonological information and is a temporary store for visual and spatial items and the what between them?

Answer 3

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye:

1. Handles non-phonological information
2. Is a temporary store for visual and spatial items and the relationships between them

Question 4

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye, handles non-phonological information and is a temporary store for visual and spatial items and the relationships between them (what)?

Answer 4

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye:

1. Handles non-phonological information
2. Is a temporary store for visual and spatial items and the relationships between them (what items are and where they’re located)

Question 5

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye, handles non-phonological information and is a temporary store for visual and spatial items and the relationships between them (what items are and where they’re located).
The visuo-spatial sketchpad helps individuals to what their physical environment?

Answer 5

The visuo-spatial sketchpad helps individuals to:
1. Navigate around
2. Interact with
their physical environment

Question 6

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye, handles non-phonological information and is a temporary store for visual and spatial items and the relationships between them (what items are and where they’re located).
The visuo-spatial sketchpad helps individuals to navigate around and interact with their physical environment, with information being what through the use of mental pictures?

Answer 6

The visuo-spatial sketchpad helps individuals to navigate around and interact with their physical environment, with information being:
1. Coded
2. Rehearsed
through the use of mental pictures

Question 7

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye, handles non-phonological information and is a temporary store for visual and spatial items and the relationships between them (what items are and where they’re located).
The visuo-spatial sketchpad helps individuals to navigate around and interact with their physical environment, with information being coded and rehearsed through the use of mental pictures.
Who (what year) suggests doing what to the store?

Answer 7

Logie (1995) suggests sub-dividing the store

Question 8

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye, handles non-phonological information and is a temporary store for visual and spatial items and the relationships between them (what items are and where they’re located).
The visuo-spatial sketchpad helps individuals to navigate around and interact with their physical environment, with information being coded and rehearsed through the use of mental pictures.
Logie (1995) suggests sub-dividing the store into what?

Answer 8

Logie (1995) suggests sub-dividing the store into:

1. A visual cache (VC)
2. An inner scribe (IS)

Question 9

Visual cache (VC)

Answer 9

A visual cache (VC) is a part of the visuo-spatial sketchpad that stores visual:

1. Material
2. Information about form and colour

Question 10

Inner scribe (IS)

Answer 10

An inner scribe (IS) is a part of the visuo-spatial sketchpad that:

1. Stores information about the physical relationships of items
2. Records the arrangement of objects in the visual field

Question 11

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS), or inner eye, handles non-phonological information and is a temporary store for visual and spatial items and the relationships between them (what items are and where they’re located).
The visuo-spatial sketchpad helps individuals to navigate around and interact with their physical environment, with information being coded and rehearsed through the use of mental pictures.
Logie (1995) suggests sub-dividing the store into a visual cache (VC) and an inner scribe (IS).
The inner scribe (IS) handles what relationships and does what?

Answer 11

The inner scribe (IS):

1. Handles spatial relationships
2. Rehearses and transfers information in the visual cache to the central executive

Question 12

The visuo-spatial sketchpad stores visual and/or spatial information when what?

Answer 12

The visuo-spatial sketchpad stores:
1. Visual
And/Or,
2. Spatial
information when required

Question 13

Research:

Who (what year) found that participants had difficulty simultaneously doing what?

Answer 13

Gathercole and Baddeley (1993) found that participants had difficulty simultaneously:

1. Tracking a moving point of light
2. Describing the angles on a hollow letter F

Question 14

Research:
Gathercole and Baddeley (1993) found that participants had difficulty simultaneously tracking a moving point of light and describing the angles on a hollow letter F, because both tasks involved what?

Answer 14

Gathercole and Baddeley (1993) found that participants had difficulty simultaneously:
1. Tracking a moving point of light
2. Describing the angles on a hollow letter F
,because both tasks involved using the visuo-spatial sketchpad

Question 15

Research:
Gathercole and Baddeley (1993) found that participants had difficulty simultaneously tracking a moving point of light and describing the angles on a hollow letter F, because both tasks involved using the visuo-spatial sketchpad.
Other participants had little difficulty in doing what?

Answer 15

Other participants had little difficulty in:

1. Tracking the light
2. Performing a simultaneous verbal task

Question 16

Research:
Gathercole and Baddeley (1993) found that participants had difficulty simultaneously tracking a moving point of light and describing the angles on a hollow letter F, because both tasks involved using the visuo-spatial sketchpad.
Other participants had little difficulty in tracking the light and performing a simultaneous verbal task, because both tasks involve using what?

Answer 16

Other participants had little difficulty in tracking the light and performing a simultaneous verbal task, because both tasks involve using the:

1. Visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS)
2. Phonological loop (PL)

Question 17

Research:
Gathercole and Baddeley (1993) found that participants had difficulty simultaneously tracking a moving point of light and describing the angles on a hollow letter F, because both tasks involved using the visuo-spatial sketchpad.
Other participants had little difficulty in tracking the light and performing a simultaneous verbal task, because both tasks involve using the visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) and the phonological loop (PL), indicating the visuo-spatial sketchpad to be a what?

Answer 17

Other participants had little difficulty in tracking the light and performing a simultaneous verbal task, because both tasks involve using the:
1. Visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS)
2. Phonological loop (PL)
,indicating the visuo-spatial sketchpad to be a separate slave system

Question 18

Research:

Who (what year) reported more interference between what?

Answer 18

Klauer and Zhao (2004) reported more interference between 2 visual tasks

Question 19

Research:

Klauer and Zhao (2004) reported more interference between 2 visual tasks than between what?

Answer 19

Klauer and Zhao (2004) reported more interference between 2 visual tasks than between:
1. A visual
2. A spatial
task

Question 20

Research:
Klauer and Zhao (2004) reported more interference between 2 visual tasks than between a visual and a spatial task, implying what?

Answer 20

Klauer and Zhao (2004) reported more interference between 2 visual tasks than between a visual and a spatial task, implying the existence of a separate:

1. Visual cache
2. Inner scribe

Question 21

Evaluation:
As well as showing the phonological loop (PL) and the visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) to be located in different brain areas, PET scans also show what with visual tasks?

Answer 21

As well as showing the:
1. Phonological loop (PL)
2. Visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS)
to be located in different brain areas, PET scans also show brain activation in the left hemisphere of the brain with visual tasks

Question 22

Evaluation:
As well as showing the phonological loop (PL) and the visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) to be located in different brain areas, PET scans also show brain activation in the left hemisphere of the brain with visual tasks and brain activation where with spatial information?

Answer 22

As well as showing the phonological loop (PL) and the visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) to be located in different brain areas, PET scans also show brain activation in the:

1. Left hemisphere of the brain with visual tasks
2. Right hemisphere of the brain with spatial information

Question 23

Evaluation:
As well as showing the phonological loop (PL) and the visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) to be located in different brain areas, PET scans also show brain activation in the left hemisphere of the brain with visual tasks and brain activation in the right hemisphere of the brain with spatial information.
This further supports what?

Answer 23

This further supports the idea of dividing the visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) in a separate:

1. Visual cache (VC)
2. Inner scribe (IS)

Question 24

Evaluation:

Studies of the visuo-spatial sketchpad (and the phonological loop) often feature what?

Answer 24

Studies of the visuo-spatial sketchpad (and the phonological loop) often feature a dual task technique

Question 25

Evaluation:
Studies of the visuo-spatial sketchpad (and the phonological loop) often feature a dual task technique, where participants have to do what?

Answer 25

Studies of the visuo-spatial sketchpad (and the phonological loop) often feature a dual task technique, where participants have to perform 2 simultaneous activities

Question 26

Evaluation:
Studies of the visuo-spatial sketchpad (and the phonological loop) often feature a dual task technique, where participants have to perform 2 simultaneous activities.
However, the actual tasks performed are often what?

Answer 26

The actual tasks performed are often not ones encountered much in everyday life

Question 27

Evaluation:
Studies of the visuo-spatial sketchpad (and the phonological loop) often feature a dual task technique, where participants have to perform 2 simultaneous activities.
However, the actual tasks performed are often not ones encountered much in everyday life and so such studies can be what?

Answer 27

The actual tasks performed are often not ones encountered much in everyday life and so such studies can be accused of:

1. Being artificial
2. Lacking in mundane realism

Question 28

The visuo-spatial sketchpad contributes to our understanding of what?

Answer 28

The visuo-spatial sketchpad contributes to our understanding of ‘visual semantics’

Question 29

The visuo-spatial sketchpad contributes to our understanding of ‘visual semantics.’
What is this?

Answer 29

This is the meanings of objects in our visual environment

Question 30

The visuo-spatial sketchpad contributes to our understanding of ‘visual semantics.’
This is the meanings of objects in our visual environment.
The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) can access LTM to do what?

Answer 30

The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) can access LTM to:
1. Store
2. Retrieve
visuo-spatial information

Question 31

The visuo-spatial sketchpad contributes to our understanding of ‘visual semantics.’
This is the meanings of objects in our visual environment.
The visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) can access LTM to store and retrieve visuo-spatial information.
Example

Answer 31

For example, if someone says to us, ‘Think of something you sit on,’ we can easily retrieve an image of a:
1. Chair
2. Sofa
from LTM