Paediatrics OTC - Threadworms

Question 1

What are the main features of threadworms? (5)

Answer 1

Can be embarrassing - handle subtly.
Requires human host so no spread form pets.
Transmission occurs via:
- Faecal to oral
- Retro infection
- Inhalation
Present as nocturnal perianal itching.
Observation of worms actually on stool.

Question 2

What are the differential diagnosis to threadworms? (4)

Answer 2

Roundworms/tapeworms (in stools)
Secondary bacterial perianal infection (dermatitis)
Tx failure + secondary infection (refer)

Question 3

What are the treatment options for threadworms? (1)

Answer 3

Mebendazole
- Avoid in pregnancy (teratogenic)
- Licensed from 2 years.
- Entire family should be treated.
- Repeat dose in 14 days avoiding re infection.

Hygiene measures:
- Nails kept short and clean
- Scrub nails and hands after each toilet visit and before meals.
- Wash bed linen daily if possible
- Wear underwear under night clothes to prevent scratching.