5 - PSY - Intellectual Disability

Question 1

what is ID? 3 criteria

Answer 1

IQ <70
deficits in adaptive behaviour
onset of intellectual impairment before 18

Question 2

the 4 classifications of ID

Answer 2

mild, moderate, severe, profound

Question 3

IQ scores for the different classifications?

Answer 3

mild - 50-69
mod - 35-49
sev - 20-34
profound - <20

Question 4

Mild ID - common features

Answer 4

often not recognised as disabled
only need help if problems arise
often can sustain relationships and hold routine job

Question 5

Mod ID - common features

Answer 5

often autonomy in ADL with some supervision
communication adequate
do simple household jobs
Work - may need supervision and sheltering

Question 6

Sev ID - common features

Answer 6

ADL help, may be able to wash and usually continent - often physically disabled
limited communication
continuous care normally

Question 7

Profound ID - common features

Answer 7

Total/extensive ADL help
minimal communication
continuous care

Question 8

ID - epidemiology - 3 things

Answer 8

M>F
^ in lower SE classes
ass w overcrowding, poverty, irregular unskilled employment

Question 9

Chromosomal and genetic causes of ID

Answer 9

Downs
Fragile X
Cri du chat
Tuberous sclerosis
Neurofibromatosis
Phenylketonuria

Question 10

Most common cause of ID? 2nd?

Answer 10

1 - Downs

2 - Fragile X

Question 11

Pre-natal aetiology of ID

Answer 11

placental insufficiency
foetal alcohol syndrome
Pre-eclampsia
Congenital Hypothyroidism
Infections - CMV syphilis rubella etc

Question 12

Peri-natal aetiology of ID

Answer 12

Hyperbilirubinaemia
Intraventricular haemorrhage
birth trauma and hypoxia

Question 13

Post natal aetiology of ID

Answer 13

head injury, brain infection, neglect and abuse, chronic lead poisoning, malnutrition, childhood brain tumour

Question 14

Concept of risk assessment and management plan? RAAMP

Answer 14

collect evidence, iD triggers and context, plan consequences, develop strategies to minimise risky behaviour

Question 15

Three classical impairments in Autism

Answer 15

Social interaction
communication
imagination/repetition/routines

Question 16

Classical features of Aspergers syndrome

Answer 16

• good speech, long winded and literal
• long monologues
• monotonous
• good memories, not interested in wider application
• lack of common sense in social interactions
• physically clumsy
• intelligence - varied, normally at least average

Question 17

Autism management basic principles

Answer 17

personal space
quiet location
day organisation
space for rituals
activities within capabilities
physical activity to reduce challenging behaviour
treat other physically illness (epilepsy)

Question 18

Behavioural approach has two parts - they are?

Answer 18

graded change and setting limits

Question 19

Other aspects of managing autism

Answer 19

Education
parent counselling important
meds not v useful

Question 20

Risk of mental illness in ID is how many times higher?

Answer 20

x3

Question 21

How is depression different in ID

Answer 21

agitation may lead to wandering
exaggerated need for sameness
depressive and suicidal ideas are rare and poorly planned

Question 22

How is Mania/bipolar different in ID

Answer 22

Challenging behaviour
giggling
Disinhibition - more so
delusions not as elaborate

Question 23

How is schiz different in ID

Answer 23

difficult to diagnose if IQ <45
less elaborate delusions
hallucinations more simple and repetitive
thought disorder less common
earlier stage of onset

Question 24

Challenging behaviour?

Answer 24

general term used to describe undesirable behaviour, in ID - can be caused by many other things

Question 25

what is more likely in severe ID

Answer 25

epilepsy