3 - ENT - Otology - Conductive deafness - Chronic perforation (dry), Tumours, Trauma + Congenital

Question 1

Chronic perforation - usually due to? treatment?

Answer 1

usually due to viral infections in childhood

none if aSx
otherwise myringoplasty is effective

Question 2

what two other perforations may occur

Answer 2

safe and unsafe perforations

Question 3

how to distinguish between safe and unsafe perforations

Answer 3

safe - away from eardrum margins - only in pars tensa

unsafe - in pars flaccida (attic) or at eardrum margins)
risk of cholesteatoma

Question 4

which tumours are very rare

Answer 4

benign tumours

Question 5

what is often ass w previous mastoid surgery

Answer 5

SCC - still rare

Question 6

presenting signs of otological tumour

Answer 6

possible discharge, bleeding and pain

Question 7

give three examples of trauma that may effect the ear

Answer 7

head injuries with basal skull fracture
trauma to TM
barotrauma eg flying

Question 8

What are two important consequences of trauma

Answer 8

haemotympanum

ossicular fracture/disruption

Question 9

Haemotympanum - what? often result of? other possible cause?

Answer 9

blood in middle ear
often after basal skull fracture
may be due to epistaxis with retrograde flow through pharyngotympanic tube

Question 10

haemotympanum - what deafness common? treatment?

Answer 10

conductive deafness common - blood reabsorbed and TM will heal so no Tx needed

Question 11

ossicular fracture/disruption - lead to? treatment?

Answer 11

results in sever conductive deafness

surgical repair may be required

Question 12

what condition is possible congenitally

Answer 12

congenital cholesteatoma