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ACDS > zo > Flashcards

zo Flashcards

1
Q

group of cells with similar structure and
function plus extracellular substance (matrix)

A

tissue

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2
Q

study of tissues

A

Histology:

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3
Q

Types of Tissues
1.
2.
3.
4.

A

Types of Tissues
1. Epithelial
2. Connective
3. Muscular
4. Nervous

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4
Q

____Tissue

cover body (internal and external)
-
Ex. Skin, kidney, trachea, glands, etc.

A

Epithelial

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5
Q

___ Tissue

Characteristics:

  • cells close together (very little extracellular
    matrix)
  • form most glands
  • have free surface

Basal surface:
attaches epithelial cells to underlying tissues

A

Epithelial

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6
Q

Functions of Epithelial Tissues
1.Protect:Ex. Skin

2.Act as a barrier: Ex. Skin keeps bacteria out

3.Diffusion and Filtration: Ex. Lungs and kidneys

4.Secretion: Ex. Sweat glands

5.Absorption:vEx. Small intestine

A

Functions of Epithelial Tissues
1.Protect:Ex. Skin

2.Act as a barrier: Ex. Skin keeps bacteria out

3.Diffusion and Filtration: Ex. Lungs and kidneys

4.Secretion: Ex. Sweat glands

5.Absorption: Ex. Small intestine

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7
Q

Types of Epithelial Tissues
_____
Structure:
1 layer of flat, tile like cells
Function:
diffusion and filtration
Location:
blood vessels, lungs, heart, kidneys

A

Simple Squamous

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8
Q

Types of Epithelial Tissues

______
Structure:

1 layer of square shaped cells
Function: secretion

Location: glands, ovaries, kidneys

A

Simple Cuboidal

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9
Q

Types of Epithelial Tissues

_____
Structure:

1 layer of tall, narrow cells
Function: secrete mucus and absorption
Location: stomach, intestines, resp. tract

A

Simple Columnar

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10
Q

Types of Epithelial Tissues

Structure:
1 layer of tall, narrow cells appears stratified but isn’t

Function:
secrete mucus and propel debris out of
resp. tract (cilia)

Location: nasal cavity and trachea

A

Pseudostratified Columnar

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11
Q

Types of Epithelial Tissues

_____

Structure: many layers of flat, tile like cells

Function: protect and acts as a barrier

Location: skin, mouth, throat, esophagus

A

Stratified Squamous

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12
Q

Types of Epithelial Tissues

____
Structure : special type of stratified epi. changesvshape (stretched squamous, not stretched cuboidal)

Function: hold fluids

Location: urinary bladder

A

Transitional

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13
Q

Surface not in contact with other cells

Smooth to reduce friction, Ex. Blood vessels

____
- increase cell’s surface area

Ex. Small intestine

A

Free Cell Surfaces

Microvilli:

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14
Q

move materials across cell’s surface
Ex. Trachea

A

Cilia:

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15
Q

produce mucus
Ex. Stomach

A

Goblet cells

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16
Q

Cell Connections
____
bind adjacent cells together
Ex. Intestines

A

Tight junctions:

17
Q

Cell Connections
_____
mechanical links that bind cells

A

Desmosomes:

18
Q

Cell Connections
____
bind cells to basement membrane

A

Hemidesmosomes:

19
Q

Cell Connections

small channels that allow molecules to pass
between cells

allow cells to communicate

most common

A

Gap junctions:

20
Q

structures that secrete substances onto a surface, into a cavity, or into blood

A

Glands

21
Q

______
glands with ducts
Ex. Sweat or oil glands

A

Exocrine glands:

22
Q

_____
no ducts (directly into bloodstream)
Ex. Thyroid, thymus, pituitary glands, etc.

A

Endocrine glands

23
Q

Types of Exocrine Glands
____
no branches

_____
many branches

____
end of duct

____
sac
like structure

A

Simple:

Compound

Tubular:

Alveolus:

24
Q

Types of Protein Fibers

look like ropes and are flexible but resist
stretching

A

Collagen fibers

24
Q

Characteristics of what type of tissue?

Cells far apart

Contain large amounts of extracellular matrix

Classified based on type of extracellular matrix
and function

Ex. Blast cells build, clast cells carve

Extracellular matrix contains 3 components (in
varying amounts): protein fibers, ground
substance, fluid

Ground substance: proteins and sugars

A

Connective Tissues

25
Q

Types of Protein Fibers

supporting network that fills spaces between
organs and tissues

A

Reticular fibers:

26
Q

Types of Protein Fibers

recoil after being stretched

A

Elastic fibers:

26
Q

Functions of Connective Tissue
1.Enclose and separate:
Ex. around organs and muscles

  1. Connect tissues:
    Ex. Tendons: connect bone to muscle
    Ex. Ligaments:connect bone to bone

3.Support and Movement:
Ex. bones

Storage:
Ex. bones store calcium and adipose tissue
stores fat

  1. Cushion and insulate:
    Ex. adipose tissue protects organs and helps
    conserve heat

6.Transport:
Ex. Blood

7.Protect:
Ex. Immune cells

A

Functions of Connective Tissue
1.Enclose and separate:
Ex. around organs and muscles

  1. Connect tissues:
    Ex. Tendons: connect bone to muscle
    Ex. Ligaments:connect bone to bone

3.Support and Movement:
Ex. bones

Storage:
Ex. bones store calcium and adipose tissue
stores fat

  1. Cushion and insulate:
    Ex. adipose tissue protects organs and helps
    conserve heat

6.Transport:
Ex. Blood

7.Protect:
Ex. Immune cells

27
Q

Types of Ordinary Connective Tissue

___
Location:between organs, muscles, glands, skin

Structure:collagen fibers far apart

Function:support and protect

A

Loose

28
Q

Types of Ordinary Connective Tissue

_____
Location: tendons, ligaments, skin

Structure: collagen fibers packed close together

Function: connect and can withstand pulling
forces

A

Dense

29
Q

Types of Ordinary Connective Tissue

_____
Location:under skin and around organs

Structure: collagen and elastic fibers, cells filled
with lipids

Function: storage, insulate, cushion

A

Adipose

30
Q

It is a type of connective tissue
- Composed of chondrocytes
- Contains collagen
- Withstands compressions
- Provides support, flexibility, strength

A

Cartilage
*

31
Q

Types of Cartilage

____
Location: between vertebra
Structure: lots of collagen fibers
Function: can withstand compression

A

Fibrocartilage

31
Q

Types of Cartilage
_____
Location: covers ends of bones
Structure: some collagen fibers
Function: reduces friction (cushion)

A

Hyaline cartilage

32
Q

Types of Cartilage

_____
Location: ear and tip of nose
Structure: elastic fibers
Function: can recoil

A

Elastic cartilage

33
Q

-It is a hard connective tissue

-2 types: compact and spongy

-Composed of osteocytes

A

Bone

34
Q

-Liquid connective tissue

-Erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets

-Transport food, oxygen, waste, hormones

A

Blood

35
Q

What type of tissue?

  • Consist of neurons or nerve cells
  • Found in brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves
  • Controls and coordinates body movements
  • Includes axons, dendrites, cell bodies
A

Nervous Tissue

36
Q

-Occurs when tissues are damaged

  • Signals the body’s defenses (white blood cells)
    to destroy foreign materials and damaged cells
    so repair can occur.

Chemical mediators:
-released after injury
- cause dilation of blood vessels

A

Inflammation

ACDS (97 decks)

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