BPHYQ1

Question 1

are our body’s temperature, pulse, respiration, BP ,pulse oximetry

may be observed, measured, and monitored to assess an individual’s level of physical functioning.

Answer 1

Vital signs or cardinal signs

Question 2

The relationship between vital signs and neurological function is based on

Answer 2

hemodynamics

Question 3

Without adequate cerebral perfusion pressure, ____________develops, affecting cerebral metabolism, and neurological dysfunction occurs.

Answer 3

cerebral ischemia

Question 4

temperature of the deep tissues inside human body.

Answer 4

Core temperature –

Question 5

temperature of the skin, subcutaneous, and fats.

Answer 5

Surface temperature –

Question 6

is primarily produced by metabolism.

Answer 6

Body heat

Question 7

The heat regulating system is found in the _________

Answer 7

hypothalamus

Question 8

the rate at which the body uses energy while at rest to keep vital functions going, such as breathing and keeping warm.

Answer 8

BMR ( Basal Metabolic Rate)

Question 9

Neurovital Signs and Its Clinical Implications

_________ should be recorded in flow sheet and shivering should be prevented because it increases (ICP) Intra-cranial Pressure.

Answer 9

Temperature –

Question 10

Neurovital Signs and Its Clinical Implications

_______ abnormally Low Body temperature ( like people with spinal shock, metabolic/toxic coma, destructive brainstem or hypothalamic lesion)

Answer 10

Hypothermia –

Question 11

Neurovital Signs and Its Clinical Implications

_________ Abnormally High Body temperature ( like people with infectious origins, drug-induced (Dilantin, analgesics, anticholinergics, and antibiotics), neuroleptic malignant syndrome (related to use of antipsychotic drugs).

Answer 11

Hyperthermia

Question 12

TYPES OF FEVER

Temperature goes up and down reaching normal level then up again within 24hr span…( eq. malarial fever. dengue fever)

Answer 12

Intermittent :

Question 13

TYPES OF FEVER

Temperature fluctuating up and down but does not reach normal level within 24 hr span. …(eq. typhoid, T.B.)

Answer 13

Remittent :

Question 14

TYPES OF FEVER

Fever: (also called recurrent), temperature goes up in 5 days then down in 5 days….(eq. rat bite )

Answer 14

Relapsing

Question 15

TYPES OF FEVER

constantly high or subnormal body temperature that does not change.
	( eq. typhoid, pneumonia, viral infection)

Answer 15

Constant Fever : (also called continuous),

Question 16

Temperature is measured in either Celsius or Fahrenheit, with a fever defined as greater then _______ or _________

Answer 16

38-38.5 C or
101-101.5 F.

Question 17

________ can be taken by mouth using classic glass mercury-filled or digital thermometers.

Most accessible and convenient method

Answer 17

Oral temperature

Question 18

________ a special thermometer can quickly measure the temperature of the ear drum, which reflects the body’s core temperature

Answer 18

By ear (in ear/tympanic thermometer)

Question 19

________ a special thermometer can quickly measure the temperature of the ear drum, which reflects the body’s core temperature

Answer 19

By ear (in ear/tympanic thermometer)

Question 20

A fever is indicated when body temperature rises above _____ orally or _____ rectally

Answer 20

98.6° F orally or 99.8° F rectally

Question 21

NORMAL BODY TEMPERATURE

Oral –

Axillary -

Rectal –

Tympanic -

Answer 21

Oral – 36.5°C – 37.5°C

Axillary - 35.8°C – 37°C

Rectal – 37°C – 38.1°C

Tympanic - 36.8°C – 37.8°C

Question 22

The ____________ is the number of breaths a person takes per minute.

Answer 22

respiration rate

Question 23

Three Process of breathing

______ - movement of gases in and out of the lungs
- Inhation (inspiration)
- Exhalation (expiration)

Answer 23

Ventilation

Question 24

Three Process of breathing

– exchange of gases from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure. Alveoli-capillary membrane.

Answer 24

Diffusion

Question 25

Three Process of breathing

– movement of blood for transport of gases, nutrients and metabolic waste products.

Answer 25

Perfusion

Question 26

Two types of Breathing

Involves movement of the chest

Answer 26

Costal

Question 27

Two types of Breathing

Involves movement of the abdomen

Answer 27

Diaphragmatic

Question 28

ASSESSING RESPIRATION

1, Rate ______ normal beats per min _____. In a newborn ______

2. Depth _______
3. Rhythm _______
4. Quality or Character _______

Answer 28

ASSESSING RESPIRATION

1, Rate ( actual breaths per minute)
Normal= 12- 20 per min. Newborn 30-60

2. Depth ( shallow or deep)
3. Rhythm (regular or irregular)
4. Quality or Character ( noisy or quiet)

Question 29

difficulty of breathing

Answer 29

DYSPNEA:

Question 30

abnormally high respiratory rate.
above -21 bpm

Answer 30

TACHYPNEA:

Question 31

abnormally low respiratory rate .
below 12 bpm

Answer 31

BRADYPNEA:

Question 32

Respiration rates over ________ breaths per minute (when at rest) may be considered abnormal

Answer 32

25 or under 12

Question 33

It is a wave of blood created by contraction of the left ventricle of the heart.

Answer 33

PULSE

Question 34

The normal pulse for healthy adults ranges from ______ beats per minute. (Newborn _____ bpm)

Answer 34

60 to 100

Newborn 100 -160 bpm

Question 35

In _______ , the pulse volume is relatively low

Answer 35

hypovolemia

Question 36

______ – abnormally high heart rate. May indicate hypoxia, increasing ICP & internal bleeding.

Answer 36

Tachycardia

Question 37

_______ – abnormally low heart rate. Indicates later stages of progressive increased ICP .

Answer 37

Bradycardia

Question 38

Is the force exerted by the blood in the arteries during heart contraction and relaxation

Answer 38

Blood pressure

Question 39

BP = _________

Answer 39

Cardiac Output x Total Peripheral Resistance

Question 40

– Is the pressure of the blood as a result of contraction of the ventricles (100 – 140 mmHg)

Answer 40

Systolic Pressure

Question 41

– Is the pressure when the ventricles is at rest (60 – 90 mmHg)

Answer 41

Diastolic Pressure

Question 42

Systolic (Numerator)
_______ is a normal reading

Answer 42

140 or below

Question 43

Diastolic (Denominator)
_____ is a normal diastolic reading

Answer 43

90 or below

Question 44

abnormally High blood pressure greater than 139 / 90- ( e.g. 140/ 95 , 140/100 , 150/100 )

Answer 44

HYPERTENSION:

Question 45

abnormally Low blood pressure lower than 100/ 70 - ( e.g. 90/60 , 90/50 , 80/ 50 )

Answer 45

HYPOTENSION:

Question 46

It measures the level of gas exchange in our body and the red blood cell oxygen carrying capacity

Normal ____ is between 90-100 %

Answer 46

OXYGEN SATURATION

Question 47

If forebrain function (which activates normal breathing when CO2 is reduced) is absent, the patient will have this. This pattern of cyclic breathing with apneic periods if governed by the CO2 level.

Answer 47

Cheyne-stokes repiration

Question 48

if a lesion disturbs the midbrain, __________________ may develop. This patient as regular, rapid respirations with forced inspiration and expiration.

Answer 48

Central neurogenic hyperventilation

Question 49

when the damage is at the level of the pons, _______________ may occur with long pauses at full inspiration.

Answer 49

Apneustic breathing

Question 50

A lesion in the lower pons or upper medulla may result in ____________, which causes irregular respiration with irregular apneic intervals.

Answer 50

Cluster breathing

Question 51

A lesion in the medulla may produce _____________, which are convulsive breaths with irregular, apneic periods.

Answer 51

Gasping respiration

Question 52

Also known as Biot’s/pneumotaxic respirations result from medullary or pontine lesions. There is no pattern, breaths vary unpredictably from deep to shallow and with random apneic intervals. This pattern indicates a rapidly deteriorating condition.

Answer 52

Ataxic respiration

Question 53

Ataxic respiration may eventually become depressed (slow and shallow) and then cease if the patient is not placed on a ventilator.

Answer 53

Depressed respiration

Question 54

-has a regular patttern with no periods of apnea.

Answer 54

Normal Respiration