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ACDS > BTNYLONGQUIZ > Flashcards

BTNYLONGQUIZ Flashcards

1
Q

-created the microscope
-first to discover microorganisms (cells)

A

Robert Hooke

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2
Q
  • father of microbiology
  • dicovered protozoa and bacteria
A

Anton Van Leuwenhoek

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3
Q

-German botanist
-co founder of the cell theory
- all plant tissues are composed of cells.

A

Matthias Jakob Schleiden

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4
Q
  • specialized structures in cells that
    perform specific functions
A

Organelles:

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5
Q

jelly-like substance that holds
organelles

A

Cytoplasm:

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6
Q
  • They are surrounded by a unit membrane
    e.g. mitochondria, Golgi apparatus,
    lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum,
    peroxisomes and coated vesicles.
  • They are important for the metabolic
    activity in the cell.
A

Membranous cell organelles:

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7
Q
  • They are not surrounded by unit membrane
    e.g. microfilament microtubules, centriole,
    cilia and flagella.
A

Non-membranous cell organelles:

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8
Q

Called Fluid Mosaic Model
Made of phospholipids & proteins
Phospholipids form a double layer or
bilayer

A

Cell Membrane- Semi permeable

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9
Q

protects the cell by only allowing certain things in and out, called selective permeability.

The head part is hydrophilic (will dissolve in water)

The Tail part is hydrophobic (will repel water)

A

Phospholiphids bilayer -

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10
Q
  • Protection
  • Semi-permeable outer layer
  • To give the cell strength and structure, and to filter molecules that pass in and out of the cell

Components: cellulose, pectin, suberin

A

Cell wall

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11
Q

Responsible for giving a cell its shape.
It helps to fill out the cell and keeps organelles in their place.

A

Cytoplasm

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12
Q
  • power house of the cell
  • contains ATP Adenosine Triphosphate (stores energy)
    cristae (the folds within it)
A

Mitochondria

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13
Q
  • Modifying, sorting and
    packaging of proteins for
    secretion.
  • It is also involved in the
    transport of lipids around
    the cell
  • has a concave and convex shape.
A

Golgi Apparatus

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14
Q

It is an interconnected network of flattened sacs or tubes encased in membranes

no ribosomes are attached on its membrane

there are plenty of ribosomes attached on its membrane

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth ER -
Rough ER -

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15
Q

are the cell’s protein factories

Two kinds of ____

1) - produce
proteins that are exported
from the cell to be used
elsewhere

1) - produce
proteins used inside the
cell itself.

A

Ribosomes

Membranebound
ribosomes

Free ribosomes

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16
Q

are round, oval, or disk-shaped
bodies found in the cells of green plants

– flowers, fruits
- leaves
– colorless, storage of starch
- storing starch
– fats and oils
- proteins

A

Plastids –

Chromoplast – flowers, fruits
Chloroplast - leaves
Leucoplasts – colorless, storage of starch
Amyloplasts – storing starch
Elaioplasts – fats and oils
Aleuroneplasts - proteins

17
Q
  • carry out
    photosynthesis
  • densely
    layered stacks of
    thylakoid sacs (10 to
    20) that serve as the
    sites of conversion of
    light energy to
    chemical energy.
A

Chloroplast

Grana (singular
granum)

18
Q
  • Long , thin
    membranous
    cylinders
  • Cilia and flagella
  • Locomotion
  • Structural support
A

Microtubules

19
Q
  • Minute membrane
    bound droplets
    which contain
    concentrations of
    various enzymes
  • Suicidal bags
  • function as the digestive system of the cell, serving both to degrade material taken up from outside the cell and to digest obsolete components of the cell itself.
A

lysosomes

20
Q
  • center of the cell
  • all cells contains_____at some point
  • houses of DNA
A

Nucleus

21
Q

-located in the edge of nucleus

A

Nuclear envelope/membrane:

22
Q
  • located on the surface of the nucleus
  • where materials pass in and out of nucleus
A

Nuclear pores:

23
Q

-located inside the nucleus
Function: produce ribosomes

A

Nucleolus

24
Q

Location: inside nucleus
- made of DNA and proteins
Function: part of genetic makeup

A

Chromosome:

25
Q

Location: inside nucleus
Characteristic: loosely coiled
chromosomes

A

Chromatin:

26
Q

Nonliving structures present within the living cell.

A

A. Vacuole
B. Ergastic Materials
(Food particles)
C. Crystals
D. Inorganic substances

27
Q

Nonliving structures present within the living cell.

  • Storage, waste disposal, protection, and
    growth.
  • Watery compartment surrounded by
    membrane-tonoplast
    1. – liquid, water, salts, alkaloids
    2. – substances that give color
    – water soluble that
    give yellow color
  • – red color
    3. – K, Mg. Na, Ca
A

Vacuole

  1. Cell sap – liquid, water, salts, alkaloids
  2. Pigments – substances that give color
    -Flavones – water soluble that
    give yellow color
    - Anthocyanin – red color
  3. Mineral Salts – K, Mg. Na, Ca
28
Q

Nonliving structures that present within the living cell.

  1. –
    carbohydrates (CHO)
  2. –
    endosperm and embryos
    of seeds
    • reserve
      materials
A

Ergastic Materials (Food particles)

  1. Starch grains –
    carbohydrates (CHO)
  2. Protein granules –
    endosperm and embryos
    of seeds
  3. Oils and fats - reserve
    materials
29
Q

Nonliving structures present within the living cell.

product resulting from the
metabolic activities of the protoplasm

A. excretory
product

    • thin and elongate, aggregate bundles
  2. – long and
    prismatic, small number
  3. – rectangle and
    pyramidal
  4. – aggregate of prismatic crystals
  5. – flower like
A

Plant Crystals-

Calcium oxalate –
1. Raphide crystals - thin and elongate, aggregate bundles

  1. Pseudoraphides/styloids – long and
    prismatic, small number
  2. Prismatic crystals – rectangle and
    pyramidal
  3. Druses – aggregate of prismatic crystals
  4. Rosette – flower like
30
Q

Nonliving structures present within the living cell.

B. excretory
product

– silica, very small
(prismatic)
– irregular in shape,
appear in parenchymatous cells

A

Calcium Carbonate-

Sileous crystals – silica, very small
(prismatic)
Cystolith – irregular in shape,
appear in parenchymatous cells

ACDS (97 decks)

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