Mrkting3

Question 1

The study of how people’s thoughts, feelings, and actions are influenced by marketing is best described as

Answer 1

Consumer Behavior.

Question 2

is not considered a part of the psychological influences on consumer behavior, which typically include factors like motivation, personality, perception, and learning.

Answer 2

Income Level

Question 3

The process by which individuals select, organize, and interpret information to form a meaningful picture of the world is called

Answer 3

Perception.

Question 4

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is a framework that categorizes consumer needs into a__

Answer 4

five-level hierarchy.

Question 5

A consumer’s enduring evaluation of, feelings about, and behavioral tendencies toward an object or idea is known as ____

Answer 5

Attitude

Question 6

___occurs when there is a discrepancy between a consumer’s beliefs and behaviors.

Answer 6

Cognitive dissonance

Question 7

The influence of family, friends, and society on consumer behavior is known as ____

Answer 7

Social Influence.

Question 8

The theory that suggests consumers will learn and adopt behaviors that lead to positive outcomes is ____

Answer 8

Operant Conditioning.

Question 9

The “foot-in-the-door” technique is a strategy used in ____ where a small request is followed by a larger request.

Answer 9

Persuasion and Influence,

Question 10

consumer’s decision-making process typically does not include _____ as a step; this phenomenon may occur after the purchase.

Answer 10

Post-purchase dissonance

Question 11

___ refers to the consistent preference for one brand over all others.

Answer 11

Brand loyalty

Question 12

Generation Z consumers are characterized by a ____

Answer 12

strong focus on ethical and sustainable consumption.

Question 13

____ is best described as the consumer’s overall assessment of the utility of a product based on perceptions of what is received and what is given.

Answer 13

Perceived value

Question 14

The ___component of the marketing mix refers to the distribution channels through which a product reaches the consumer.

Answer 14

“place”

Question 15

____involves dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, characteristics, or behaviors.

Answer 15

Market segmentation

Question 16

” is a research method used to collect detailed information about consumer attitudes and behaviors through group discussions.

Answer 16

“focus group

Question 17

The promotional mix includes all of the following except____ The promotional mix consists of advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, and public relations.

Answer 17

Pricing.

Question 18

____refers to the tendency to prefer products from one’s own country

Answer 18

Consumer ethnocentrism

Question 19

An ____is a consumer who is quick to try new products after the innovators.

Answer 19

“early adopter”

Question 20

____of demand measures how demand for a product is affected by changes in its price.

Answer 20

Price elasticity

Question 21

___ is associated with promoting products using environmentally friendly practices.

Answer 21

Green marketing

Question 22

____ are not a typical characteristic of B2B markets, which are more rational and based on business value.

Answer 22

Emotional purchasing decisions

Question 23

The product life cycle concept suggests that all products go through stages of ____.___.__ and ____

Answer 23

introduction, growth, maturity, and decline.

Question 24

_____ is particularly effective because it is perceived as more trustworthy by consumers.

Answer 24

Word-of-mouth communication

Question 25

Four types of consumer buying behavior:

Observed when consumers are purchasing expensive, infrequent, or high-risk items that are significantly different from each other. This behavior involves a considerable amount of pre-purchase information gathering and evaluation of alternatives.

Answer 25

Complex Buying Behavior:

Question 26

Four types of consumer buying behavior:

This occurs when consumers are highly involved in the purchase process due to the high price or personal significance of the item, but they see little difference between brands. After purchase, they may experience post-purchase dissonance and seek reassurance about their choice.

Answer 26

Dissonance-Reducing Buying Behavior:

Question 26

Four types of consumer buying behavior:

: In this scenario, consumers have low involvement and see little significant difference between brands. Their purchase decision is often based on habit, brand familiarity, or price, with minimal post-purchase evaluation.

Answer 26

Habitual Buying Behavior

Question 27

Four types of consumer buying behavior:

This behavior is characterized by low consumer involvement but significant perceived differences between brands. Consumers often switch brands for the sake of variety or novelty rather than dissatisfaction.

Answer 27

Variety-Seeking Buying Behavior:

Question 28

Three benefits of consumer segmentation:

By identifying and targeting specific groups of consumers, businesses can allocate their marketing resources more effectively, tailoring their strategies to meet the unique needs and preferences of each segment.

Answer 28

Enhanced Efficiency:

Question 29

Three benefits of consumer segmentation:

Segmentation allows companies to design and offer products or services that closely match the desires and requirements of different market segments, leading to higher customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Answer 29

Improved Product Fit:

Question 30

Three benefits of consumer segmentation:

Understanding the nuances of various market segments can help businesses differentiate their offerings from competitors, addressing unmet needs or serving niche markets more effectively.

Answer 30

Competitive Advantage:

Question 31

The three types of product decisions companies must make

Decisions regarding the product’s quality, features, and design, which contribute to the product’s overall appeal and effectiveness in meeting consumer needs.

Answer 31

Product Attributes:

Question 32

The three types of product decisions companies must make

Decisions related to the additional services provided to enhance the product’s value, such as customer service, warranties, and after-sales support, which can be crucial for maintaining customer satisfaction and loyalty.

Answer 32

Product Support Services:

Question 32

The three types of product decisions companies must make

• Developing a unique name, symbol, or design that identifies and differentiates a product from its competitors. Effective branding can build significant brand equity and loyalty.

Answer 32

Branding:

Question 33

The four stages of the Product Life Cycle (PLC):

: The product is launched into the market. Sales growth is slow at this stage, and profits are non-existent due to the high costs of product development and marketing efforts to build awareness.

Answer 33

Introduction Stage

Question 34

The four stages of the Product Life Cycle (PLC):

The product gains acceptance, sales start to increase significantly, and profitability begins to rise. This stage may also see the entry of competitors drawn by the opportunities for profit.

Answer 34

Growth Stage:

Question 35

The four stages of the Product Life Cycle (PLC):

The product’s sales growth slows down and stabilizes. The market becomes saturated, competition is intense, and companies may need to invest in differentiation strategies to maintain their market share.

Answer 35

Maturity Stage:

Question 36

The four stages of the Product Life Cycle (PLC):

Sales and profits begin to fall due to market saturation, technological advancements, changes in consumer preferences, or increased competition. Companies may decide to discontinue the product, rejuvenate it, or find new markets.

Answer 36

Decline Stage: