TW1112 Flashcards
exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social, and
economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food which meets their
dietary needs and food preferences for an active health life
Food security
as defined by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) is a household-level economic and social condition of limited or uncertain access to adequate food
food insecurity
defined by the USDA as “an individual- level physiological condition that may result from food insecurity
hunger
Factors behind Lack of Food and Food Insecurity
Although it is commonly thought that world population will outstrip food production capacity, current production of foods exceeds global population requirements. Historically, famines and widespread hunger have been caused by problems of food distribution (political or logistical) rather than by insufficient food production
Food Distribution.
Factors behind Lack of Food and Food Insecurity
These include substituting commodity crops for food crops (e.g., growing corn instead of vegetables) and heavy exportation of food crops at the expense of food security of the exporting country.
Political-Agricultural Practices.
Factors behind Lack of Food and Food Insecurity
Natural disaster such as drought, have been frequently implicated in food insecurity. However, natural disaster-related food insecurity and famines are exacerbated by food surpluses due to exportation or other political factors. It is predicted that climate change may negatively affect food supply and food access due to loss of farmland, fluctuating food prices, increase in foodborne illness, and other food utilization issues.
Environmental Factors.
Factors behind Lack of Food and Food Insecurity
The global rise in food prices in the last several years has been precipitated by a number of factors, including natural disasters such as drought; increased demand for biofuels; the US dollar’s decline; and an increase in the middle and upper class in countries like China (this has created increased demand for meat and dairy, and thus increased demand from grain). Increase in food costs generally mean increases in the food insecurity
Other Economic and Political Reasons.
Factors behind Lack of Food and Food Insecurity
Although the first Green Revolution (GR) in the 1960s and 70s) increased global yields; the Revolution came at a price; per capita hunger also increased as small farmers were forced out of subsistence agriculture and into urban slums, often due to the high cost of Green Revolution and the inputs required to grow them (fertilizers, pesticides, and machinery). The second wave of Green Revolution focused on genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as the central way to feed the world’s growing population;
Sustainable Agriculture.
Factors behind Lack of Food and Food Insecurity
Industrial agriculture relies upon monocropping, in which one genetic type of crop is planted on large tracts of land, while sustainable farms frequently plant a genetically diverse array of both crop type and species. _____through sustainable agricultural practices may also alleviate food insecurity.
Improving Agricultural Biodiversity.
Factors behind Lack of Food and Food Insecurity
In the United States, \_\_\_\_\_\_ that champions sustainable, locally produced food, including increased incentives for local farmers and for markets where fresh healthful food is available, can increase community food security. This along with the increasing acceptance of food stamp benefits at local food outlets such as farmers’ markets, may improve access to healthful food and increase consumption of food fruits and vegetables.
Policy Changes
is the idea that food is a basic human right; food, and the risks and benefits of the way it is grown and produced, should be distributed fairly.
Food Justice
is an idea that all people rights and civic responsibilities of being a member of the world. The idea is that one’s identity transcends geography and that responsibilities or rights are derived from membership in a broader community.
Global citizenship
It is all about encouraging young people to develop the knowledge, skills and values they need to engage with the world. And it’s about the belief that we can all make a difference
Global Citizenship
Is someone who is aware of and understands the wider world - and their place in it. They take an active role in their community, and work with others to make our planet more equal, fair and sustainable.
Global Citizen
is those who respect the value of justice, equality, and diversity and take actions to bring changes.
Global Citizen
