BTNY M7 Flashcards
- A highly specialized shoot adapted to carry on sexual reproduction and the production of seeds.
Its structure is an important means of identifying and classifying angiosperms.
Flower
The Structure of the Flower
The female organ of the flower
Usually found at the center of the flower. It consists of enlarge basal portion called the ovary
The Pistil
The Structure of the Flower
– attachment between the ovary wall and ovule
Funiculus
The Structure of the Flower
The male organ of a flower. Consists of two parts:
Anther – large terminal portion, contains cavities (pollen sacs)
Filament - stalk
The Stamen
The Structure of the Flower
The stamen and pistil are the essential parts a flower, they are usually surrounded by thin, expanded structures which collectively constitute the ____
perianth
The Structure of the Flower
Composed of a number of separate thin units.
Usually white or brightly colored.
More or less tubular, bell shaped, funnel shaped structure with lobes.
petal
The Structure of the Flower
Typically small and green.
To protect the inner parts of the flower before the flower bud has opened
sepal
The Structure of the Flower
is the flower stalk.
Peduncle
The Structure of the Flower
is the expanded terminal portion on which the other parts of the flowers are borne.
Torus/Receptacle
Position of the Ovary
– the sepals and petals are attached below the ovary. A flower with a ____is said to be hypogynous. E.g. Gumamela, kalamansi
Superior ovary
Position of the Ovary
– the sepals,petals are attached above the ovary . A flower with____is said to be epigynous. E. g. Guava, duhat
Inferior ovary
Position of the Ovary
– the pistil is in the bottom of a concave receptacle to the edges of which the sepal, stamen, and petal are attached. In such flower, the ovary may be superior or half inferior.
Perigynous flower
the places where the ovules are attached in the ovary are known ____
placentae.
The arrangement of the placentae inside the ovary is called ____
placentation.
Types of Placentation
– the placentae are located on the wall of a single ovary. A single ovary has one chamber or locule. (E.g. Sitao, batao, patani)
Marginal placentation
Types of Placentation
. – the placentae are found on the wall of a compound ovary. A compound ovary has two or more locule. (E.g. Patola, upo, pipino)
Parietal placentation
Types of Placentation
– is found in both simple and compound pistils, with one locule in the ovary and the ovules attached to the locule floor.
Basal placentation
Types of Placentation
– the ovules are attached where the septa of a compound pistil are united in the middle of the ovary.
Axil placentation
Types of Placentation
– in some ovaries of a compound pistils, there may be a single locule with a column of tissue sticking up in the center of the ovary bearing the ovules.
Free central placentation
are clusters of flowers
Inflorescences
Inflorescences
an infloresce with an elongated peduncle or axis. The are individual flowers are without stalks, and are said to be sessile.(Bottle brush)
Spike –
Inflorescences
– elongated axis is unbranced. The flower s are provided with stalks or pedicels of equal lengths, and are called pedicellate flower (gladiola)
Raceme
Inflorescences
– elongated axis is branched . Flowers arepedicellate, opening all the same time. (e.g.rice)
Panicle
Inflorescences
the axis is short so that all the pedicellate flowers radiate from the apex of the axis.
Umbel –
Inflorescences
– has a special type of spike which is hanging or dropping. The flowers are unisexual.
Catkin or ament
Inflorescences
– a fleshy spike bearing both male and female flowers, surrounded by a petaloid bract called the spath
Spadix
Inflorescences
– it has more or less flat or convex top because the pedicels bearing the outer, older flowers are longer than those at the center.
Corymb
Inflorescences
similar to corymb except that the inner pedicel flowers open first
Cyme –
Inflorescences
the pedicelled or sessile flowers are crowded at one side of the stem. (Birds of paradise)
Fascicle –
Inflorescences
it is similar umbel but the flowers are sessile. Usually the flowers are of two kinds: the disc flowers at the center and the ray flowers at the margin
Head or capitate –
Inflorescences
– a single flower at the end of the peduncle.
Solitary
Inflorescences
– An inflorescence with the flowers in whorls at the node.
Verticil
The Structure of the Ovule
– clear central parts of the ovule which contains the egg cells.
Embryo sac
The Structure of the Ovule
the region around the embryo sac consisting of compact mass of thin walled cells is filled with dense protoplasm.
Nucellus –
The Structure of the Ovule
– the portion of the base of the ovule to which the funiculus is attached.
Chalazes
The Structure of the Ovule
– the two thin coverings of the ovule which arise from the base of the chalazes
Integuments
The Structure of the Ovule
the large cell of the embryo sac attached toward the micropylar end.
The egg-
The Structure of the Ovule
– the opening or small passage, at the tip of the ovules.
Micropyle
The Structure of the Ovule
– the two smaller cells found at the sides of the egg.
Synergids
The Structure of the Ovule
the three cells, in the embryo sac toward the chalazal end.
Antipodal cells –
