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ACDS > THOP2 > Flashcards

THOP2 Flashcards

1
Q
  • He helped Josef Breuer in
    treating Anna O of her hysteria
    through psychoanalysis
A

Sigmund Freud

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2
Q

    • contains all those drives, urges, or
      instincts that are beyond our
      awareness but that nevertheless motivate most of
      our words, feelings, and actions.
A

Unconscious

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3
Q

Freud believed that a portion of our unconscious
originates from the experiences of our early
ancestors that have been passed on to us through
hundreds of generations of repetition. He called
these inherited unconscious images our
____

A

phylogenetic endowment

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4
Q

LEVELS OF MENTAL LIFE
PRECONSCIOUS
-The_____ of the mind contains
all those elements that are not conscious but
can become conscious either quite readily or
with some difficulty

A

preconscious level

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5
Q

LEVELS OF MENTAL LIFE

-those mental elements in awareness at any
given point in time. It is the only level of mental life directly
available to us.

A

CONSCIOUS

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6
Q

PROVINCES OF THE MIND

has no contact with reality, yet it strives constatnly to reduce tension by satisfying basic desires. Because its sole function is to see pleasure, we say that the — serves the pleasure principle.

  • is primitive, chaotic, inaccessible to consciousness, unchangeable, amoral, illogical, unorganized, and filled with energy received from basic drives and discharged for the satisfaction of the pleasure principle.
  • core of personality
A

ID -

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7
Q

PROVINCES OF THE MIND

  • is the only region of the mind in contact with reality.
  • it is governed by the reality principle which it tries to substitute for the pleasure principle of the id. As the sole region of the mind in contact with the external world, the ego beomes the decision-making or executive branch of personality.
A

EGO (I)

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8
Q

PROVINCES OF THE MIND

  • represents the moral and ideal aspects of personality, and is guided by the moralistic and idealistic principles as opposed to the pleasure principle of the id and the realistic principle of the ego.
A

SUPEREGO

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9
Q

2 subsystems of SUPEREGO

1) what we should not do

A

Conscience -

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10
Q

2 subsystems of SUPEREGO

2) what we should do

A

Ego-ideal -

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11
Q

operate as a constant motivational force. As an internal stimulus, these differ from external
stimuli in that they cannot be avoided through flight.

A

Drives -

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12
Q

The aim of ____ is pleasure, but this pleasure is not limited to genital satisfaction.
Freud believed that the entire body is invested with libido.

A

Sex - sexual drive

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13
Q

The aim of the ____, according to Freud, is to return the organism
to an inorganic state.

A

Aggression - destructive drive

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14
Q

Freud called all the psychic energy that drove the life and death instincts the ___

A

“libido.”

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15
Q

Freud emphasized that it is a felt, affective, unpleasant state accompanied by a
physical sensation that warns the person against impending danger. The unpleasantness is often vague
and hard to pinpoint, but the its always felt.

A

Anxiety -

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16
Q

3 TYPES OF ANXIETY

is defined as apprehension about an unknown danger

A

Neurotic Anxiety -

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17
Q

3 TYPES OF ANXIETY

stems from the conflict between the ego and the superego. After children establish a
superego—usually by the age of 5 or 6—they may experience anxiety as an outgrowth of the conflict
between realistic needs and the dictates of their superego.

A

Moral Anxiety

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18
Q

3 TYPES OF ANXIETY

is closely related to fear. It is defined as an unpleasant, nonspecific feeling involving
a possible danger.

A

Realistic Anxiety

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19
Q

____, serve a useful function by protecting the ego against the pain of anxiety.
Although ____are normal and universally used, when carried to an extreme they
lead to compulsive, repetitive, and neurotic behavior.

A

Defensive behaviors/mechanisms

20
Q

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

Whenever the ego is threatened by
undesirable id impulses, it protects
itself by repressing those impulses; that
is, it forces threatening feelings into
the unconscious

ex: An adult suffers a nasty spider bite as a child and develops an intense phobia of spiders later in life without any recollection of the experience as a child. Because the memory of the spider bite is repressed, he or she may not understand where the phobia originates.

A

Repression

21
Q

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

One of the ways in which a repressed
impulse may become conscious is
through adopting a disguise that is
directly opposite its original form.

ex: a young boy who bullies a young girl because, on a subconscious level, he’s attracted to her.

A

Reaction formation

22
Q

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

people can redirect their unacceptable
urges onto a variety of people or objects
so that the original impulse is disguised
or concealed.

ex: A man who has had a bad day at the office, comes home and yells at his wife and children, is displacing his anger from the workplace onto his family.

A

Displacement

23
Q

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

When the prospect of taking
the next step becomes too anxiety
provoking, the ego may resort to the
strategy of remaining at the present,
more comfortable psychological stage.

ex: A grown-up throwing a tantrum under stress is a good example of fixation.

A

Fixation

24
Q

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

Once the libido has passed a
developmental stage, it may, during
times of stress and anxiety, revert back
to that earlier stage.

ex: A young wife, for example, might retreat to the security of her parents’ home after her first quarrel with her husband.

A

Regression

25
Q

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

whereby people incorporate positive
qualities of another person into their
own ego.

ex: a dad telling his son “boys don’t cry”- this is an idea that a person might take in from their environment and internalize into their way of thinking.

A

Introjection

26
Q

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

  • is the repression of the
    genital aim of Eros by substituting a
    cultural or social aim.

redirecting negative feelings or impulses into positive ones.

ex: someone with anger issues may channel their aggressive urges into sports instead of lashing out at others physically or verbally

A

Sublimation

27
Q

DEFENSE MECHANISMS

When an internal impulse provokes too
much anxiety, the ego may reduce that
anxiety by attributing the unwanted
impulse to an external object, usually
another person.
as seeing in others unacceptable feelings
or tendencies that actually reside in
one’s own unconscious

ex: a woman who has been unfaithful to her husband but who accuses her husband of cheating on her.

A

Projection

28
Q

STAGES OF DEVELOPEMENT

  • birth to five years old
  • infants possess a sexual life and go
    through a period of pregenital sexual development
A

Infantile Period

29
Q

STAGES OF DEVELOPEMENT

from the 4th to 5th year until puberty, both boys and girls usually, but
not always, go through a period of dormant psychosexual development

A

Latency Period -

30
Q

STAGES OF DEVELOPEMENT

  • puberty signals a reawakening of the sexual aim and the beginning of
    the genital period.
A

Genital period

31
Q

Freud’s 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

Infants obtain life-sustaining
nourishment through the oral cavity, but beyond that, they also gain pleasure
through the act of sucking.

Problems with early feeding through neglect and abuse can lead to adults who seek
to complete their missing oral gratification by being dependent on others, smoking
or drinking too much, by overeating, overtalking, and so on.

On the other hand, children who have been overindulged may become needy,
demanding, and upset as they constantly expect their needs to be coddled-

A

ORAL PHASE

32
Q

2 PHASES OF ORAL STAGE

  • infants feel no ambivalence toward the pleasurable object
    and their needs are usually satisfied with a minimum of frustration and anxiety.
A

Oral Receptive Phase

33
Q

2 PHASES OF ORAL STAGE

  • infants respond to others through biting, cooing, closing their
    mouth, smiling, and crying.
A

Oral Sadistic Phase

34
Q

Freud’s 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

is characterized by satisfaction gained through aggressive behavior
and through the excretory function

A

ANAL PHASE/sadistic-anal phase

35
Q

2 SUB PHASES OF ANAL PHASE
children receive satisfaction by destroying or losing objects. At this
time, the destructive nature of the sadistic drive is stronger than the erotic one, and
children often behave aggressively toward their parents for frustrating them with toilet
training.

A

Early Anal Period -

36
Q

2 SUB PHASES OF ANAL PHASE

they sometimes take a friendly interest toward their feces, an
interest that stems from the erotic pleasure of defecating. frequently, children will
present their feces to the parents as a valued prize.

A

Late Anal Period

37
Q

If children will be forced to withold their feces,until the pressure becomes
both painful and erotically stimulating. they may develop ____(orderliness,
stinginess and obstinacy)

A

anal character

38
Q

Freud’s 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

a time when the genital area becomes the leading erogenous zone.

the boy who is overly attended to by his mother and whose
father is relatively uninvolved may exhibit traditional feminine characteristics
or may become “inacho” as he attempts to compensate for his lack of
identification with his father.

“daddy’s little girl,” whose mother is seen as subservient. This girl
may become particularly self-centered and narcissistic as she expects to be
treated particularly well by all men in her life.

A

PHALLIC PHASE

39
Q

This dictum underlies Freud’s belief that physical differences
between males and females account for many important psychological differences.

A

Anatomy is destiny -

40
Q

Sexual desire for mother and hostility against the father

A

, OEDIPUS COMPLEX

41
Q

, which for boys takes the form of castration
anxiety or the fear of losing the penis.

The boy no longer wants to be his father; instead, he uses his father as a model for
determining right and wrong behavior. He introjects or incorporates his father’s
authority into his own ego, thereby sowing the seeds of a mature superego.

A

castration complex

42
Q

a desire to have a penis and this is a powerful force in the formation of
girl’s personality.

  • a wish to be a boy
    or a desire to have a man.
A

Penis envy -

43
Q

Freud’s 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

Freud believed that, from the 4th or 5th year until puberty, both boys and girls
usually, but not always, go through a period of dormant psychosexual development.

This is brought about partly by parents’ attempts to punish or
discourage sexual activity in their young children.

A

LATENCY PERIOD

44
Q

Freud’s 5 Stages of Psychosexual Development

Puberty signals a reawakening of the sexual aim

First, adolescents give up autoeroticism and direct their sexual energy toward
another person instead of toward themselves.

Second, reproduction is now possible.

Third, although penis envy may continue to linger in girls, the vagina finally
obtains the same status for them that the penis had for them during infancy.

Fourth, the genitals is now the erogenous zone

A

GENITAL PERIOD

45
Q

a stage
attained after a person has passed through the earlier developmental periods in an ideal
manner.

1) Can balance the demands of the id and supergo: Id is expressed honestly and consciously
with no traces of shame or guilt and ego-ideal is congruent with their ego.
2) Minimal need for repression of sexual and aggressive urges - psychologically healthy
individual would emerge in the form of sublimation rather than neurotic symptoms
3) The libido, which was formerly directed towards the parents now released to search for
both tender and sensual love.

A

MATURITY

46
Q

is the shedding of cognitive restraints such that the client feel. “free”
to “associate” to any thought available without editing or suppression of what the client
might. otherwise consider irrelevant, unimportant, or too. distressing to talk about
publicly.

A

Free association

47
Q

The interpretation of dreams is the royal road to a knowledge of the
unconscious activities of the mind.

A

Dream Analysis -

ACDS (97 decks)

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