Viral infection of the skin Flashcards
Viral infection of the skin
Viral diseases associated with _______ rash.
Viral disease associated with _______ rash.
maculopapular
vesicular
Viral diseases associated with maculopapular rash
List 4
Measles.
Rubella
Erythema infectiosum
Exanthem subitum
.
Rubella aka ____________
Erythema infectiosum aka _________ or __________.
Exanthem subitum aka __________ or _______
German measles
slapped cheek or fifth disease
roseola infantum or sixth disease)
German measles aka ______________
fifth disease aka________________
sixth disease aka ___________
Rubella
Erythema infectiosum
Exanthem subitum
Measles
Family : _________________
(Naked or Enveloped?) , with _____ glycoprotein spikes.
__________ spikes are the main neutralizing Ag.
Also mediate ________ of the virus to the ________________
paramyxoviridae ; Enveloped
two; Hemagglutinine spikes
adsorption ; host cell surface.
Measles
The viral genome is _____-RNA, with _______ polarity.
Virion contains the enzyme ____________.
_____ antigenic serotype.
SS-RNA ; negative
transcriptase.
One
Measles
Transmission : by _______ of __________.
Incubation Period : _____-_____ days.
Target group : ________.
inhalation ; respiratory droplets.
10 – 14 days.
children.
Clinical features of Measles
Prodromal : Fever, cough, (mild or severe?) ___________, nasal _______. Lasting ____ days.
mild conjunctivitis
discharge
1–3 days.
Clinical features of Measles
Kopliks spots :
(small or large?) , ____ papules with _____ central dot, appear on the ______________, their number ___ or ___, remain for a day or two.
They are diagnostic for measles.
small ; red ; white
side of the cheek
5 or 6
Clinical features of Measles
Rash : _____________ rash, first appear on the _____ then spread ________ward over the ______ and ___________.
maculopapular
face
downward
trunk
extremities.
Clinical features of Measles
The rash is _____, become _________ , last ________ days, then disappears leaving _______ discoloration of the skin and fine _________.
Recovery is (usual or unusual?)
red ; confluent
4 or 5
brownish ; desquamation.
usual
Prevention of measles
___________ vaccine (______).
Contains __________ measles, _______ and ___________ strains.
Administered in _____ dose.
Protection; (good or bad?) immunity.
Contraindications: should not be given to _________ and __________.
Live attenuated vaccine (MMR).
live attenuated measles, mumps and rubella virus
one dose ; good immunity.
pregnant women and immunocompromized.
Treatment & lab. diagnosis of measles
Treatment: there is _____________ drug therapy.
Lab. Diagnosis : By detection of _______ to measles virus.
no specific anti viral
IgM-Ab
Rubella (German measles)
Viral etiology: Rubella virus.
Family : ______viridae.
Genus : ______virus.
Toga
Rubivirus.
Rubella (German measles)
The virus is (naked or enveloped?) , ________ with _______ nucleocapsid.
The viral genome is ____-RNA with _________ polarity.
enveloped ; pleomorphic
helical ; SS-
positive polarity.
Rubella
Transmission :By _______ of ____________.
IP : ____ – ____ days.
Target group : _______.
inhalation of respiratory droplets
14 – 21
children.
Clinical features of rubella
Prodromal : Fever, cough, nasal _________ , (mild or severe?) ___________.
discharge ; mild conjunctivitis.
Clinical features of rubella
Rash : ————— rash, first appears on the _____ then spreads ____wards to ____ and _________.
The rash is ———, discrete, usually _______ after _____ hrs.
In nearly ______% of all infections there is no rash at all.
Maculopapular ;face
downwards ; trunk ; limbs.
red ; fades
48 hr 50%
Clinical features of rubella
Rubella is characterized by enlargement of the __________ and _________ lymph nodes.
post- auricular and sub-occipital
Prevention , treatment & lab Diagnosis of rubella
Vaccine : __________ vaccine (______).
Treatment : There is _______ viral therapy.
Lab. Diagnosis : By detection of _______ rubella virus.
Live attenuated vaccine (MMR).
no specific viral therapy.
IgM-Ab rubella virus.
Viral diseases associated with vesicular rash
______ infection.
____ infection.
_______ (_______). _____.
Herpangina.
_______ & _______ disease.
HSV-1 infection.
HSV-2 infection.
Varicella (chickenpox). Zoster.
Hand-foot & mouth disease.
Varicella (chickenpox)
Caused by ___________ virus (____).
The virus is transmitted by _________ of ________ and by _________ with the ________
Varicalla is a (common or rare?) childhood disease.
varicella-zoster virus (VZV).
inhalation of respiratory droplets
direct contact; skin lesions.
common
Varicella (chickenpox)
_________ : is the primary illness.
__________ : is the recurrent form of the disease.
Varicella
Zoster
Clinical features of varicella
IP : ____ days.
The disease starts with, fever, malaise, cough, headache, (localized or generalized?) ______ rash.
The rash first appears on the _______, then spreads to _____ and ______.
The rash appears in _____________.
Lesions progress from _______ to _______ to ________ , which eventually ______ to form ________.
The illness usually lasts for ______ days.
IP : 14-21 days.
generalized ; vesicular
trunk ; face ; limbs.
successive waves.
macules ; papules ; vesicles
ruptures ; ulcers.
4-7 days.
Varicella Vaccine
_______ vaccine is available.
Administered in _____ dose.
Recommended for (children or adults?) of _____ years, ______ and _____ who have not yet had the diseases.
Live attenuated ; one
children ; 1-12 years
teenagers and adult
Lab. diagnosis of varicella
Detection of Ig-___ antibody.
_______ from the base of the ______.
Ig-M
Scraping ; vesicles.
Treatment of chicken pox
__________ drug therapy is necessary for immunocompetent children.
Severe cases of chickenpox is treated with ________.
No anti-viral drug therapy
acyclovir.
Zoster (_______)
Zoster is (localized or generalized?) ________ rash.
It is a disease of (childhood or elderly?) .
It is due to __________ of ______, which is latent in the ______________
shingles
localized vesicular
elderly.
reactivation ; VZV
dorsal root ganglion.
Complications of Zoster
__________.
______________.
__________.
______ zoster in the immunocompromized.
Meningitis.
Encephalitis.
Myelitis.
Disseminated zoster in the immunocompromized.
Treatment of shingles
______ (zovirax), 800 mg,orally, ____ times daily for ______ days.
________ (Famvir), 500 mg, orally, _____ times daily for ______ days.
_______ (valtrex), 1000 mg. orally, ______ times daily, for _____ days.
Acyclovir ; five ; 5 to 7 days.
Famciclovir ; three ; seven days.
Valacyclovir ; three ; seven days.
