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House Microbiology > Herpes,pox,parvo > Flashcards

Herpes,pox,parvo Flashcards

1
Q

Herpes virus

The herpesviridae are a large family of (naked or enveloped ?) (single or double?) stranded (DNA or RNA?) viruses.

A

enveloped

Double

DNA

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2
Q

Herpes virus

Following infection of natural host, the viruses establish a _________

A

latent infection .

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3
Q

Herpes virus

In the latent state (small or large?) subset of the viral genes are expressed.

A

only a small

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4
Q

Herpes viruses

Reactivation, with expression of viral proteins and production of progeny virus do not occur

T/F

A

F

may occur at intervals to produce recurrent infections.

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5
Q

Herpes viruses

Some of the viruses are associated with cancer

Eg

Epstein Barr virus with _______________

Human herpes virus 8 with ____________

A

nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt’s lymphoma

Kaposi sarcoma

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6
Q

Herpes viruses

_______ allow virus transmission to new susceptible hosts.

A

Reactivation

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7
Q

Human herpes virus 1 – ____________________

A

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)

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8
Q

Human herpesvirus 2 – ______________

A

Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)

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9
Q

Human herpesvirus 3 –__________

A

Varicella zoster virus (VZV)

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10
Q

Human herpesvirus 4 – ___________

A

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)

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11
Q

Human herpesvirus 5 – _________________

A

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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12
Q

Human herpesvirus 6 – ______________

A

Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6)

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13
Q

Human herpesvirus 7 – _____________

A

Human herpes virus 7 (HHV – 7)

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14
Q

Human herpesvirus 8 – _____________

A

Kaposi sarcoma associated herpes virus (KSHV)

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15
Q

Herpes virus

Virion: ______, 150–200 nm in diameter (________)

Proteins: encodes at least ______ different proteins.
– >_____ polypeptides are involved in the structure of the virus particle;

A

Spherical

icosahedral

100

35

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16
Q

Herpesviridae

Envelope: Contains viral ________ ,___ receptors

Replication: from the ____, bud from ________

A

glycoproteins; Fc

Nucleus

nuclear membrane

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17
Q

HSV-1 and HSV-2 are distinct

T/F

If T, how
If F, why

A

T

epidemiologically, antigenically and by DNA homology

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18
Q

In most developing countries, ___% of the population have HSV-1 antibody by the age of ____.

A

90

30

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19
Q

Detection of HSV-2 antibody before puberty is (usual or unusual?)

A

unusual

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20
Q

Prevalence of HSV-2 antibody is about _______% in Africa and more common in (men or women?) .

A

51-68

Women

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21
Q

Pox viruses

(Small or Large?) , _____-shaped or ____, (single or double?) -stranded (DNA or RNA?) -carrying virions

A

Large
Brick
Ovoid
Double
DNA

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22
Q

Pox viruses

Their structure is ______, and replication occurs in the ______ of infected cells.

A

complex

cytoplasm

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23
Q

Pox viruses

They possess an envelope

T/F

A

T

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24
Q

Pox viruses’ envelope is acquired by budding

T/F

A

F

not acquired by budding

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25
Q

Pox viruses’ envelope is not essential for infectivity

T/F

A

T

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26
Q

Poxviridae

Composition: DNA (___%), protein (____%), lipid (___%)

Proteins: Virions contain more than ____ polypeptides; many enzymes are present in core, including transcriptional system

replication: _______

A

3; 90; 5

100

Cytoplasm

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27
Q

Parvoviridae

Virion:_____, 18–26 nm in diameter, 32 capsomeres

Composition: DNA (___\%), protein (____%)

Genome: (Single or double?) -stranded (DNA or RNA?) , linear, 5.6 kb, MW
1.5–2.0 million

Proteins: ________ and _______

Envelope: ______

Replication: in the ____, dependent on functions of
dividing host cells

A

Icosahedral

20; 80

Single; DNA

One major (VP2) and one minor (VP1)

None

Nucleus

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28
Q

Human pathogen, B19, has tropism for __________

A

red blood cell progenitors

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29
Q

Parvoviridae

Only __________ are known to be permissive for B19 infection.

A

primary erythroid progenitors

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30
Q

It is (easy or difficult ?) to culture human B19 parvovirus.

A

Difficult

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31
Q

Parvoviridae

the major sites of virus replication in patients are assumed to be the _______, some _______, and the ——-.

A

adult marrow

blood cells

fetal liver

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32
Q

Parvoviridae

In immunocompromised patients, persistent B19 infections occur, resulting in __________

A

chronic anemia.

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33
Q

Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 1

A

Sensory nerve ganglia (trigeminal)
Alpha

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34
Q

Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 2

A

Sensory nerve ganglia(sacral)

Alpha

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35
Q

Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 3

A

Sensory nerve ganglia(dorsal root ganglion)

Alpha

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36
Q

Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 4

A

Leukocytes, epithelial cells

Gamma

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37
Q

Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 5

A

Kidney B cells lymphocytes
Beta

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38
Q

Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 6

A

T cells

Beta

39
Q

Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 7

A

T cells

Beta

40
Q

Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 8

A

B cells

Gamma

41
Q

Virus- small pox

Genus-
Reservoir host-

A

Orthopoxvirus

Humans

42
Q

Virus- monkey pox

Genus-
Reservoir host-

A

Orthopoxvirus

Squirrels

43
Q

Virus- cowpox

Genus-
Reservoir host-

A

Orthopoxvirus

Rodents

44
Q

Virus- vaccinia

Genus-
Reservoir host-

A

Orthopoxvirus

Buffalo

45
Q

Virus- orf

Genus-
Reservoir host-

A

Parapoxvirus

Sheep

46
Q

Virus- Molluscum contagiosum

Genus-
Reservoir host-

A

Molluscipoxvirus

Humans

47
Q

Virus- Tanapox

Genus-
Reservoir host-

A

Yatapoxvirus

Monkey

48
Q

Human Diseases Associated with B19 Parvovirus

Host/condition- Immuno-deficiencies

Syndrome-

Clinical features

A

pure red aplasia

Chronic Anaemia

49
Q

Human Diseases Associated with B19 Parvovirus

Host/condition- fetus

Syndrome-

Clinical features

A

Hydrops fetalis

Fatal Anaemia

50
Q

Human Diseases Associated with B19 Parvovirus

Host/condition- underlying hemolysis

Syndrome-

Clinical features

A

Transient aplastic crisis

Severe acute Anaemia

51
Q

Human Diseases Associated with B19 Parvovirus

Host/condition- children and adults

Syndrome-

Clinical features

A

Erythema infectiosum aka fifth disease

Cutaneous rash for kids
Arthralgia-arthritis for adults

52
Q

Virus- HSV-1

Clinical presentation of primary infection

Clinical presentation of recurrent infection

A

Gingivostomatitis, keratoconjuctivitis, pharyngitis

Cold sores

53
Q

Virus- HSV-2

Clinical presentation of primary infection

Clinical presentation of recurrent infection

A

Genital herpes, neonatal herpes

Genital herpes

54
Q

Virus- VZV

Clinical presentation of primary infection

Clinical presentation of recurrent infection

A

Chicken pox

Shingles (zoster)

55
Q

Virus-EBV

Clinical presentation of primary infection

Clinical presentation of recurrent infection

A

Mononucleosis (heterophile+)

Asymptomatic shedding of virus

56
Q

Virus- CMV

Clinical presentation of primary infection

Clinical presentation of recurrent infection

A

Mononucleosis ( hetereophile -)

Asymptomatic shedding of virus

57
Q

Virus- HHV-6

Clinical presentation of primary infection

Clinical presentation of recurrent infection

A

Roseola infantum

Asymptomatic shedding of viru

58
Q

Virus-HHV-8

Clinical presentation of primary infection

Clinical presentation of recurrent infection

A

Fever , rash

Kaposi sarcoma

59
Q

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS

Primary Infection: contact with _____ surface or _____ skin

• HSV – 1: _____, direct contact with _____, _______

• HSV – 2 :__________

A

mucosal; broken

Kissing, infected saliva, respiratory droplets

Sexual transmission

60
Q

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS

Primary Infection:

Usual asymptomatic or mild

_____________ rash occurs ________ days post exposure

A

Painful blistering; 1 – 3

61
Q

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS

Stimuli for reactivation
•______,______ ,_______ ,________

A

Fever, stress, sunlight, immunosuppression

62
Q

Viraemia is more common in HSV-__ than HSV-__ infection.
Usually occurs in immunocompromised host

63
Q

OROPHARYNGEAL HERPES (HSV-__»HSV-__)

Symptoms: _____ with ulcerative lesions involving the _____,_______,_____,______

This is also known as __________

A

1; 2

Fever

buccal mucosa, tongue, gums, pharynx

gingivostomatitis

64
Q

OROPHARYNGEAL HERPES

Lesions: (Grouped or single?) _____ lesions that become _____ and coalesce to form single or multiple ulcers

Usually last _________ days

A

Any

Vesicular; pustular

5 – 12

65
Q

OROPHARYNGEAL HERPES

Reactivation leads to Cold Sores or ______

A

Fever blisters

66
Q

GENITAL HERPES (HSV-_> HSV-___)

Incubation period – ____ days; last between ___ and ____ )

A

2; 1

5; 1 and 2 weeks

67
Q

GENITAL HERPES

Multiple painful __________ lesions, bilateral and extensive

Bilateral enlarged tender _________

A

vesicopustular

inguinal lymph nodes

68
Q

Papule- ___________

Vesicle- ____________

Pustule- ______________

Macules-

A

Small raised, tender bump on the skin.

An area of skin covered by a raised, fluid-filled bubble.

Red, tender bumps with white pus at their tips.

a flat, distinct, discolored area of skin

69
Q

Neonatal herpes usually results from __________ transmission of virus _____,______, and _______

A

mother to child

in utero, during delivery and after birth

70
Q

Viral encephalitis (HSV-__) and meningitis (HSV- __)
Ocular infections – HSV- __

71
Q

Treatment of herpes simplex viruses eradicates latent virus

A

F

Does not eradicate latent virus but reduces frequency of recurrences

72
Q

Drugs used for HSV?

A

Acyclovir
Valacyclovir
Famciclovir

73
Q

Efficiency of sexual transmission of HSV2 is greater from ____-___ than from ____-____

A

men to women

women to men

74
Q

Varicella zoster virus

The incubation period is ___-_____

Generalised __________ rashes

A

11 to 21 days (1-3weeks)

vesiculopapular

75
Q

Varicella zoster virus

Highly or mildly contagious ?

Childhood or adulthood disease?

Transmitted by ?

A

Highly

Childhood

Respiratory droplets

76
Q

__________ (shingles )

The rash is generally confined to the ______

Painful eruption of _____ lesion on the skin
Most common in the _______
Post herpetic ______ is a complication

A

Herpes Zoster

affected dermatome(s)

vesicular

elderly

neuralgia

77
Q

CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (HHV-5)

High infection rates in ______ and ______

Routes of infection
_____,_____,____,_____

A

early childhood and early adulthood

Intra-uterine
Perinatal
Blood transfusion
Organ transplantation

78
Q

CMV Rarely causes disease in healthy people
T/F

79
Q

CMV

Incubation period is __-___weeks

Mostly (symptomatic or asymptomatic?)

A

4 – 8

asymptomatic

80
Q

CMV

____________ syndrome (when symptomatic)

A

Infectious mononucleosis-like

81
Q

Congenital HCMV

Most common viral cause of _____________

May result in death in _____
Milder infection in _____ transmission

A

congenital abnormality

utero

perinatal

82
Q

EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS (HHV-4)

Transmission is by close contact, especially _____

Periodic reactivation of the virus is associated with ________ in _____

_________ is known to reactivate infection

Most primary infection in children are ________

A

kissing

shedding of virus in saliva.

Immunosuppression

asymptomatic

83
Q

Clinical Features of EBV

Infectious Mononucleosis
• Usually in _____ and _______
• Incubation period:___-___
• Fever, generalised _______, _____, malaise, tiredness, ____, ______

A

adolescence and adults

4 – 7 weeks

lymphadenopathy; sore throat, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly

84
Q

Clinical Features of EBV

Cancers

List 7?🙊

A

Nasopharyngeal cancer
Burkitt lymphoma
Hodgkin’s disease
Non – Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Gastric carcinoma
Oral hairy leucoplakia (esp in
AIDS)
Lymphoproliferative disorders in immunocompromised host

85
Q

Infectious mono is self limiting

T/F

A

T

2 – 4 weeks. (Self limiting)

86
Q

ROSEOLA (HHV-6)

Generally occurs in _____ aged ____ to ____.

It is characterized by ___ for 3 days, followed by a faint ______ rash spreading from the _____ to the _____, which begins during _______.

A

infants; 6 months to 1 year

fever; maculopapular

trunk; extremities; defervescence

87
Q

Smallpox
Acute infection in which the dominant feature is a uniform ____ rash that evolves to _____ over __-____

A

papulovesicular

pustules

1 to 2 weeks.

88
Q

Smallpox is a Potential bioterrorist weapon

T/F

89
Q

Molluscum contagiosum

(Benign or malignant?) , cutaneous poxvirus disease of ____,

Spread by ____________

A

Benign ; humans

direct contact skin to skin contact.

90
Q

Molluscum contagiosum

Nodular,____, ____ (____-like) lesions usually 2 to 10 mm in diameter develop in the epidermis.

Specific treatment, if desired, is usually by ______ or _______

A

pale

firm; pearl

curettage

careful removal of the central core by expression with forceps.

91
Q

MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM

These lesions are (painful or painless?) and _______ in appearance and express _____ material .

A

Painless

umbilicated

cheesy

92
Q

MonkeyPox

Monkeypox is a (common or rare?) disease that occurs primarily in remote parts of ______ and ____, near tropical rainforests.

Transmission:

Mostly ______ to ____

And also _____ to ——-

A

Rare; Central and West Africa

animal to human

Human to human

93
Q

The monkeypox virus can cause a fatal illness in humans

Monkey pox is more fatal than smallpox

T/F

House Microbiology (94 decks)

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