Herpes,pox,parvo Flashcards
1
Q
Herpes virus
The herpesviridae are a large family of (naked or enveloped ?) (single or double?) stranded (DNA or RNA?) viruses.
A
enveloped
Double
DNA
2
Q
Herpes virus
Following infection of natural host, the viruses establish a _________
A
latent infection .
3
Q
Herpes virus
In the latent state (small or large?) subset of the viral genes are expressed.
A
only a small
4
Q
Herpes viruses
Reactivation, with expression of viral proteins and production of progeny virus do not occur
T/F
A
F
may occur at intervals to produce recurrent infections.
5
Q
Herpes viruses
Some of the viruses are associated with cancer
Eg
Epstein Barr virus with _______________
Human herpes virus 8 with ____________
A
nasopharyngeal carcinoma and Burkitt’s lymphoma
Kaposi sarcoma
6
Q
Herpes viruses
_______ allow virus transmission to new susceptible hosts.
A
Reactivation
7
Q
Human herpes virus 1 – ____________________
A
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)
8
Q
Human herpesvirus 2 – ______________
A
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)
9
Q
Human herpesvirus 3 –__________
A
Varicella zoster virus (VZV)
10
Q
Human herpesvirus 4 – ___________
A
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
11
Q
Human herpesvirus 5 – _________________
A
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV)
12
Q
Human herpesvirus 6 – ______________
A
Human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6)
13
Q
Human herpesvirus 7 – _____________
A
Human herpes virus 7 (HHV – 7)
14
Q
Human herpesvirus 8 – _____________
A
Kaposi sarcoma associated herpes virus (KSHV)
15
Q
Herpes virus
Virion: ______, 150–200 nm in diameter (________)
Proteins: encodes at least ______ different proteins.
– >_____ polypeptides are involved in the structure of the virus particle;
A
Spherical
icosahedral
100
35
16
Q
Herpesviridae
Envelope: Contains viral ________ ,___ receptors
Replication: from the ____, bud from ________
A
glycoproteins; Fc
Nucleus
nuclear membrane
17
Q
HSV-1 and HSV-2 are distinct
T/F
If T, how
If F, why
A
T
epidemiologically, antigenically and by DNA homology
18
Q
In most developing countries, ___% of the population have HSV-1 antibody by the age of ____.
A
90
30
19
Q
Detection of HSV-2 antibody before puberty is (usual or unusual?)
A
unusual
20
Q
Prevalence of HSV-2 antibody is about _______% in Africa and more common in (men or women?) .
A
51-68
Women
21
Q
Pox viruses
(Small or Large?) , _____-shaped or ____, (single or double?) -stranded (DNA or RNA?) -carrying virions
A
Large
Brick
Ovoid
Double
DNA
22
Q
Pox viruses
Their structure is ______, and replication occurs in the ______ of infected cells.
A
complex
cytoplasm
23
Q
Pox viruses
They possess an envelope
T/F
A
T
24
Q
Pox viruses’ envelope is acquired by budding
T/F
A
F
not acquired by budding
25
Pox viruses’ envelope is not essential for infectivity
T/F
T
26
Poxviridae
Composition: DNA (___%), protein (____%), lipid (___%)
Proteins: Virions contain more than ____ polypeptides; many enzymes are present in core, including transcriptional system
replication: _______
3; 90; 5
100
Cytoplasm
27
Parvoviridae
Virion:_____, 18–26 nm in diameter, 32 capsomeres
Composition: DNA (___\%), protein (____%)
Genome: (Single or double?) -stranded (DNA or RNA?) , linear, 5.6 kb, MW
1.5–2.0 million
Proteins: ________ and _______
Envelope: ______
Replication: in the ____, dependent on functions of
dividing host cells
Icosahedral
20; 80
Single; DNA
One major (VP2) and one minor (VP1)
None
Nucleus
28
Human pathogen, B19, has tropism for __________
red blood cell progenitors
29
Parvoviridae
Only __________ are known to be permissive for B19 infection.
primary erythroid progenitors
30
It is (easy or difficult ?) to culture human B19 parvovirus.
Difficult
31
Parvoviridae
the major sites of virus replication in patients are assumed to be the _______, some _______, and the ——-.
adult marrow
blood cells
fetal liver
32
Parvoviridae
In immunocompromised patients, persistent B19 infections occur, resulting in __________
chronic anemia.
33
Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 1
Sensory nerve ganglia (trigeminal)
Alpha
34
Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 2
Sensory nerve ganglia(sacral)
Alpha
35
Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 3
Sensory nerve ganglia(dorsal root ganglion)
Alpha
36
Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 4
Leukocytes, epithelial cells
Gamma
37
Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 5
Kidney B cells lymphocytes
Beta
38
Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 6
T cells
Beta
39
Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 7
T cells
Beta
40
Site of latency and subfamily of Human herpes virus 8
B cells
Gamma
41
Virus- small pox
Genus-
Reservoir host-
Orthopoxvirus
Humans
42
Virus- monkey pox
Genus-
Reservoir host-
Orthopoxvirus
Squirrels
43
Virus- cowpox
Genus-
Reservoir host-
Orthopoxvirus
Rodents
44
Virus- vaccinia
Genus-
Reservoir host-
Orthopoxvirus
Buffalo
45
Virus- orf
Genus-
Reservoir host-
Parapoxvirus
Sheep
46
Virus- Molluscum contagiosum
Genus-
Reservoir host-
Molluscipoxvirus
Humans
47
Virus- Tanapox
Genus-
Reservoir host-
Yatapoxvirus
Monkey
48
Human Diseases Associated with B19 Parvovirus
Host/condition- Immuno-deficiencies
Syndrome-
Clinical features
pure red aplasia
Chronic Anaemia
49
Human Diseases Associated with B19 Parvovirus
Host/condition- fetus
Syndrome-
Clinical features
Hydrops fetalis
Fatal Anaemia
50
Human Diseases Associated with B19 Parvovirus
Host/condition- underlying hemolysis
Syndrome-
Clinical features
Transient aplastic crisis
Severe acute Anaemia
51
Human Diseases Associated with B19 Parvovirus
Host/condition- children and adults
Syndrome-
Clinical features
Erythema infectiosum aka fifth disease
Cutaneous rash for kids
Arthralgia-arthritis for adults
52
Virus- HSV-1
Clinical presentation of primary infection
Clinical presentation of recurrent infection
Gingivostomatitis, keratoconjuctivitis, pharyngitis
Cold sores
53
Virus- HSV-2
Clinical presentation of primary infection
Clinical presentation of recurrent infection
Genital herpes, neonatal herpes
Genital herpes
54
Virus- VZV
Clinical presentation of primary infection
Clinical presentation of recurrent infection
Chicken pox
Shingles (zoster)
55
Virus-EBV
Clinical presentation of primary infection
Clinical presentation of recurrent infection
Mononucleosis (heterophile+)
Asymptomatic shedding of virus
56
Virus- CMV
Clinical presentation of primary infection
Clinical presentation of recurrent infection
Mononucleosis ( hetereophile -)
Asymptomatic shedding of virus
57
Virus- HHV-6
Clinical presentation of primary infection
Clinical presentation of recurrent infection
Roseola infantum
Asymptomatic shedding of viru
58
Virus-HHV-8
Clinical presentation of primary infection
Clinical presentation of recurrent infection
Fever , rash
Kaposi sarcoma
59
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
Primary Infection: contact with _____ surface or _____ skin
• HSV – 1: _____, direct contact with _____, _______
• HSV – 2 :__________
mucosal; broken
Kissing, infected saliva, respiratory droplets
Sexual transmission
60
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
Primary Infection:
Usual asymptomatic or mild
_____________ rash occurs ________ days post exposure
Painful blistering; 1 – 3
61
HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS
Stimuli for reactivation
•______,______ ,_______ ,________
Fever, stress, sunlight, immunosuppression
62
Viraemia is more common in HSV-__ than HSV-__ infection.
Usually occurs in immunocompromised host
2
1
63
OROPHARYNGEAL HERPES (HSV-__>>HSV-__)
Symptoms: _____ with ulcerative lesions involving the _____,_______,_____,______
This is also known as __________
1; 2
Fever
buccal mucosa, tongue, gums, pharynx
gingivostomatitis
64
OROPHARYNGEAL HERPES
Lesions: (Grouped or single?) _____ lesions that become _____ and coalesce to form single or multiple ulcers
Usually last _________ days
Any
Vesicular; pustular
5 – 12
65
OROPHARYNGEAL HERPES
Reactivation leads to Cold Sores or ______
Fever blisters
66
GENITAL HERPES (HSV-_> HSV-___)
Incubation period – ____ days; last between ___ and ____ )
2; 1
5; 1 and 2 weeks
67
GENITAL HERPES
Multiple painful __________ lesions, bilateral and extensive
Bilateral enlarged tender _________
vesicopustular
inguinal lymph nodes
68
Papule- ___________
Vesicle- ____________
Pustule- ______________
Macules-
Small raised, tender bump on the skin.
An area of skin covered by a raised, fluid-filled bubble.
Red, tender bumps with white pus at their tips.
a flat, distinct, discolored area of skin
69
Neonatal herpes usually results from __________ transmission of virus _____,______, and _______
mother to child
in utero, during delivery and after birth
70
Viral encephalitis (HSV-__) and meningitis (HSV- __)
Ocular infections – HSV- __
1
2
1
71
Treatment of herpes simplex viruses eradicates latent virus
F
Does not eradicate latent virus but reduces frequency of recurrences
72
Drugs used for HSV?
Acyclovir
Valacyclovir
Famciclovir
73
Efficiency of sexual transmission of HSV2 is greater from ____-___ than from ____-____
men to women
women to men
74
Varicella zoster virus
The incubation period is ___-_____
Generalised __________ rashes
11 to 21 days (1-3weeks)
vesiculopapular
75
Varicella zoster virus
Highly or mildly contagious ?
Childhood or adulthood disease?
Transmitted by ?
Highly
Childhood
Respiratory droplets
76
__________ (shingles )
The rash is generally confined to the ______
Painful eruption of _____ lesion on the skin
Most common in the _______
Post herpetic ______ is a complication
Herpes Zoster
affected dermatome(s)
vesicular
elderly
neuralgia
77
CYTOMEGALOVIRUS (HHV-5)
High infection rates in ______ and ______
Routes of infection
_____,_____,____,_____
early childhood and early adulthood
Intra-uterine
Perinatal
Blood transfusion
Organ transplantation
78
CMV Rarely causes disease in healthy people
T/F
T
79
CMV
Incubation period is __-___weeks
Mostly (symptomatic or asymptomatic?)
4 – 8
asymptomatic
80
CMV
____________ syndrome (when symptomatic)
Infectious mononucleosis-like
81
Congenital HCMV
Most common viral cause of _____________
May result in death in _____
Milder infection in _____ transmission
congenital abnormality
utero
perinatal
82
EPSTEIN BARR VIRUS (HHV-4)
Transmission is by close contact, especially _____
Periodic reactivation of the virus is associated with ________ in _____
_________ is known to reactivate infection
Most primary infection in children are ________
kissing
shedding of virus in saliva.
Immunosuppression
asymptomatic
83
Clinical Features of EBV
Infectious Mononucleosis
• Usually in _____ and _______
• Incubation period:___-___
• Fever, generalised _______, _____, malaise, tiredness, ____, ______
adolescence and adults
4 – 7 weeks
lymphadenopathy; sore throat, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly
84
Clinical Features of EBV
Cancers
List 7?🙊
Nasopharyngeal cancer
Burkitt lymphoma
Hodgkin’s disease
Non – Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Gastric carcinoma
Oral hairy leucoplakia (esp in
AIDS)
Lymphoproliferative disorders in immunocompromised host
85
Infectious mono is self limiting
T/F
T
2 – 4 weeks. (Self limiting)
86
ROSEOLA (HHV-6)
Generally occurs in _____ aged ____ to ____.
It is characterized by ___ for 3 days, followed by a faint ______ rash spreading from the _____ to the _____, which begins during _______.
infants; 6 months to 1 year
fever; maculopapular
trunk; extremities; defervescence
87
Smallpox
Acute infection in which the dominant feature is a uniform ____ rash that evolves to _____ over __-____
papulovesicular
pustules
1 to 2 weeks.
88
Smallpox is a Potential bioterrorist weapon
T/F
T
89
Molluscum contagiosum
(Benign or malignant?) , cutaneous poxvirus disease of ____,
Spread by ____________
Benign ; humans
direct contact skin to skin contact.
90
Molluscum contagiosum
Nodular,____, ____ (____-like) lesions usually 2 to 10 mm in diameter develop in the epidermis.
Specific treatment, if desired, is usually by ______ or _______
pale
firm; pearl
curettage
careful removal of the central core by expression with forceps.
91
MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM
These lesions are (painful or painless?) and _______ in appearance and express _____ material .
Painless
umbilicated
cheesy
92
MonkeyPox
Monkeypox is a (common or rare?) disease that occurs primarily in remote parts of ______ and ____, near tropical rainforests.
Transmission:
Mostly ______ to ____
And also _____ to ——-
Rare; Central and West Africa
animal to human
Human to human
93
The monkeypox virus can cause a fatal illness in humans
Monkey pox is more fatal than smallpox
T/F
T
F
