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Parasitology Flashcards

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1
Q

Parasites may be simple unicellular _____ or complex multicellular ____

A

protozoa

metazoa

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2
Q

Branches of parasitology
-Protozoology: the study of ___
-Helminthology: the study of ____ (worms)
-Entomology: science that deals with ____

A

Protozoa

helminths; worms

arthropods

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3
Q

Important Definitions

-Zoonosis: “a __________”

-Definitive host: “is one in which the ____ occurs or the _____ is present”

-Intermediate host: “is one in which the _____ occurs or the ___ is present.”

A

disease of an animal which infects man

sexual cycle

adult

asexual cycle

larva

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4
Q

PROTOZOA
-Protozoa are __karyotes

A

Eu

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5
Q

Protozoa.

Lack a nucleus
Have intracellular organelles
Similar to bacteria
Unicellular
Mobile
Difficult to see under microscope
Exist in One stage

A

F(have nucleus)
T
F(very different from bacteria)
T
T
F(easily seen)
F(2)

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6
Q

Phases of Protozoa

_____
_____

A

Trophozoites

Cysts

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7
Q

Trophozoites
_______ form

(Vulnerable or resistant?) to environmental conditions

Cysts
(Less or More?) durable form
Often present in feces ,water ,new infection

A

Feeding

Vulnerable

More

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8
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF PROTOZOA
There are multiple ways of classifying protozoa;
-Based on ______
-Based on ______
-Based on ______

A

site of infection

mode of locomotion

pathogenicity

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9
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF PROTOZOA

According to degree of pathogenicity, protozoa can be categorized into
- _____
-______
-_____

According types of organs for locomotion
-______-____
-______-____
-______-____
-_____-____

According to site of infection
-______
-______
-________

A

Pathogenic
Non-pathogenic (commensals)
Opportunistic

Amoebae - pseudopodia
Flagellates - flagella
Ciliates - cilia
Sporozoa - absence of locomotion.

Intestinal
Urogenital
Blood and Tissue

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10
Q

Medical parasitology: the ______

A

study and medical implications of parasites that infect humans

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11
Q

ENTOMOLOGY – science that deals with ______

A

arthropods

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12
Q

Not All parasitic organisms are eukaryotes

T/F

A

F

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13
Q

Definitive host: “the organism in which the __________________

Intermediate host: “the organism in which the ______________

A

adult or sexually mature stage of the parasite lives”

parasite lives during a period of its development only”

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14
Q

Zoonosis: “a disease __________

A

of an animal which infects man”

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15
Q

Parasites form part of the animal kingdom which comprises some _____ identified species categorized into ___ phyla (but it is estimated that there may be ~10m species in total

A

800,000

33

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16
Q

According to their celluar structure, parasites are classified into 2 sub-kingdoms:
________ and ———-

A

protozoa (unicellular) and metazoa (multicellular)

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17
Q

Protozoan (unicellular) parasites

are classified according to ______ and _______

Most species that cause human disease belong to the phylums _______ and _____

A

morphology and means of locomotion.

sarcomastigophora and apicomplexa

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18
Q

Metazoa (multicellular)

Is classified According to ______

A

site of infection

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19
Q

According to degree of pathogenicity, protozoa can be categorized into
(I)_______
(2)_______
(3)_____

A

pathogenic

Non-pathogenic (commensals)

opportunistic

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20
Q

4 types according types of organs for locomotion
Amoebae - ______;
Flagellates - ______;
Ciliates - ______ and
Sporozoa – ___________

A

pseudopodia

flagella

cilia

absence of locomototion.

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21
Q

Parasitic helminths, or worms of humans, belong to two phyla: _______(———) and _______(——-)

A

Nematoda (roundworms) and Platyhelminthes (flatworms).

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22
Q

Platyhelminthes are subdivided into 2 classes: _______(——) and _______(——-)

A

Trematoda (flukes) and Cestoda (tapeworms)

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23
Q

Protozoa is divided into 3

List them

A

Sarcomastigophora
Apicomplexa
Ciliophora
Microsporidia

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24
Q

Sarcomastigophora is divided into 2 sub phylums

List them

A

Sarcodina

Mastigophora

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25
Q

Apicomplexa

Aka _____

A

Sporozoa

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26
Q

What is the organelle of locomotion in Apicomplexa

A

Nothing

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27
Q

Apicomplexa have a complex life cycle

T/F

With reason

A

T

Alternating sexual and asexual reproductive phases

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28
Q

Sarcodinas are the ______ and they move by_______

While

Mastigophoras are the _______ and they move by _______

A

Amoebas; pseudopodia

Flagellates; flagella

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29
Q

Mention one genus and one species under:

Sarcodina
Mastigophora

A

Entamoeba: entamoeba histolytica

Giardia; Giardia lamblia

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30
Q

Mention one genus under Apicomplexa and 5 species

A

Plasmodium

P. Ovale
P. Falciparum
P. Malariae
P. Vivax
P. Knowlesi

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31
Q

Mention one genus and one species under the ciliophoras

A

Balantudium

Balantidium coli

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32
Q

Nematodes

Appear ____ in cross section
Presence or absence of body cavities
Shape of alimentary canal
Presence or absence of an anus

A

Round
Present
Straight
Present

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33
Q

Platyhelminthes

Appear ____ in cross section
Presence or absence of body cavities
Shape of alimentary canal
Presence or absence of an anus

A

Dorsoventrally flattened
Absence
If present Atall, is blind ending(no anus)

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34
Q

Mention 6 genus under nematodes and their common name

A

Ascaris(roundworm)
Necator( hookworm)
Ancylostoma (hookworm)
Trichuris( whipworm)
Enterobius(pinworm or threadworm)
Strongyloides

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35
Q

Platyhelminthes are divided into 2

List them

A

Cestodes
Trematodes

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36
Q

Cestodes

Adult tapeworms are found in the _____ of their host
They have a head (____) with ______, a ____ body and ____ alimentary canal

A

Intestine
Scolex; sucking organs
Segmented
No alimentary canal

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37
Q

Each body segment of Cestodes are _______

A

Hermaphrodites

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38
Q

Trematodes

______ body, usually ____ shaped, with ____ suckers and ____ head

A

Non-segmented; leaf
2 suckers and no distinct head

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39
Q

Trematodes

Alimentary canal or not

A

It has alimentary canal

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40
Q

All Trematodes are hermaphrodites
T/F

A

F

All except schistosomes

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41
Q

Shape of schistosomes

A

Thread like

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42
Q

Genus under Cestodes
Genus under Trematodes

A

Taenia (tapeworm)

Fasciolopsis (liver fluke); schistosoma

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43
Q

List 5 intestinal amoebas

A

Histolytica
Dispar
Hartmanni
Coli
Polecki

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44
Q

List 4 intestinal flagellates

A

Giardia lamblia
Chilomastix mesnili
Dientamoeba Fragilis
Trichomonas hominis

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45
Q

List 4 intestinal ciliates

A

Balantudium coli

PERIODT!!!!

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46
Q

Main diseases gotten from ampicomolexa

A

Malaria and Babesiosis

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47
Q

List 5 blood and tissue sporozoas

A

Falciparum
Ovale
Vivax
Malariae
Babesia species

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48
Q

Mention 6 blood and tissue flagellates(___)

A

Mastigophora

Leishmania tropica complex
Leishmania mexicana complex
Leishmania brazillensis complex

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense
Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
Trypanosoma cruzi

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49
Q

Mention 3 amoebas found in other body sites besides intestine, blood and tissue

A

Naegleria Fowleri
Acanthamoeba species
Entamoeba gingivalis

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50
Q

Mention 2 flagellates found in other body sites besides intestine, blood and tissue

A

Trichomonas vaginalis
Trichomonas tenax

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51
Q

Mention 7 intestinal nematodes

A

Necator Americanus
Ascaris lumbricoides
Ancylostoma duodenale
Trichuris Trichiura
Trichostrongylus species
Enterobius vermicularis
Strongyloides stercolaris

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52
Q

Mention 6 intestinal tapeworms

A

Taenia solium
Taenia saginata
Hymenolepis nana
Hymenolepis diminuta
Dipylidium caninum
Diphyllobothrium latum

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53
Q

Mention 2 intestinal flukes

A

Fasciolopsis buski
Heterophyes heyerophyes

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54
Q

Blood and Tissues (Filarial Worms)

List 4

A

Wuchereria bancrofti
Brugia malayi
Brugia timori
Loa loa

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55
Q

ARTHROPODS

Diplopoda- ______
Chilopoda-________

Crustacea
Copepoda:______
Decapoda: _____,____,_____

Arachnida
Scorpiones: _____
Araneae: ________
Acari:______
Mites (________)

A

Millipedes

Centipedes

copepods (Cyclops); crayfish, lobsters, crabs

scorpions; spiders (black widow, brown recluse)

ticks

Sarcoptes

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56
Q

List all the intestinal amoebas

A

Histolytica
Dispar
Hartmanni
Coli
Polecki
Blastocystis hominis
Endolimax nana
Iodamoeba butschli

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57
Q

Classify

Giardia lambia

A

Intestinal flagellates

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58
Q

Retortamonas intestinalis

A

Intestinal flagellates

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59
Q

Enteromonas hominis

A

Intestinal flagellates

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60
Q

Trichomonas hominis

A

Intestinal flagellates

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61
Q

Dientamoeba fragilis

A

Intestinal flagellates

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62
Q

Chilomastix mesnili

A

Intestinal flagellates

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63
Q

Balantudium coli

A

Intestinal ciliates

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64
Q

Cryptosporidium parvum

A

Intestinal coccidia

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65
Q

Cyclospora cayetanensis

A

Intestinal coccidia

66
Q

Isospora belli

A

Intestinal coccidia

67
Q

Sarcocystis hominis

A

Intestinal coccidia

68
Q

Sarcocystis suihominis

A

Intestinal coccidia

69
Q

Plasmodium Vivax

A

Blood and tissue sporozoa

70
Q

Plasmodium ovale

A

Blood and tissue sporozoa

71
Q

Plasmodium Malariae

A

Blood and tissue sporozoa

72
Q

Plasmodium falciparum

A

Blood and tissue sporozoa

73
Q

Babesia species

A

Blood and tissue sporozoa

74
Q

Trypanosoma cruzi

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

75
Q

Trypanosoma rangeli

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

76
Q

Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

77
Q

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

78
Q

Leishmania peruviana

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

79
Q

Leishmania Donovani complex

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

80
Q

Leishmanias brazillensis complex

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

81
Q

Leishmania Mexicana complex

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

82
Q

Leishmania tropica complex

A

Blood and tissue flagellates

83
Q

Naegleria fowleri

A

Brain eating amoeba

84
Q

Acanthomoeba species

A

Eye,skin, cns amoeba

85
Q

Entamoeba gingivalis

A

Mouth amoeba

86
Q

Balamuthia mandriallaris

A

Cns amoeba

87
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Vagina flagellate

88
Q

Trichomonas tenax

A

Mouth flagellate

89
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Other body sites coccidia

90
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides

A

Intestinal nematodes

91
Q

Enterobius vermicularis

A

Intestinal nematodes

92
Q

Ancylostoma duodenale

A

Intestinal nematode

93
Q

Necator americanus

A

Intestinal nematode

94
Q

Strongyloides stercoralis

A

Intestinal nematode

95
Q

Trichostrongylus species

A

Intestinal nematode

96
Q

Trichuris trichiura

A

Intestinal nematode

97
Q

Capillaria philippinensis

A

Instestinal nematode

98
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum

A

Intestinal cestode

99
Q

Dipylidium caninum

A

Intestinal Cestodes

100
Q

Hymenolepis nana

A

Intestinal cestode

101
Q

Hymenolepis diminuta

A

Intestinal Cestodes

102
Q

Taenia solium

A

Intestinal Cestodes

103
Q

Taenia saginata

A

Intestinal cestode

104
Q

Fasciolopsis buski

A

Intestinal Trematodes

105
Q

Echinostoma ilocanum

A

Intestinal cestode

106
Q

Heterophyes heterophyes

A

Intestinal Trematodes

107
Q

Metagonimus yokogawai

A

Intestinal Trematodes

108
Q

Trichinella spiralis

A

Tissue nematodes

109
Q

Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati

A

Tissue nematodes

110
Q

Ancylostoma braziliense and Ancylostoma caninum

A

Tissue nematodes

111
Q

Dracunculus medinensis

A

Tissue nematodes

112
Q

Angiostrongylus cantonensis

A

Tissue nematodes

113
Q

Angiostrongylus costaricensis

Gnathostoma spinigerum

A

Tissue nematodes

114
Q

Eustrongylides species

A

Tissue nematodes

115
Q

Capillaria hepatica

A

Tissue nematodes

116
Q

Thelazia species

A

Tissue nematodes

117
Q

Wuchereria bancrofti

A

Tissue filarial worms

118
Q

Brugia malayi

A

Tissue filarial worms

119
Q

Brugia timori

A

Tissue filarial worms

120
Q

Loa loa

A

Tissue filarial worms

121
Q

Onchocerca volvulus

A

Tissue filarial worms

122
Q

Mansonella ozzardi

A

Tissue filarial worms

123
Q

Mansonella streptocerca

A

Tissue filarial worms

124
Q

Mansonella perstans

A

Tissue filarial worms

125
Q

Dirofilaria immitis (usually ___ lesion; in ____,_____)

A

Tissue filarial worms

lung; dogs, heartworm

126
Q

Dirofilaria species

A

Tissue filarial worms

127
Q

Taenia solium

A

Tissue Cestodes

128
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

A

Tissue Cestodes

129
Q

Echinococcus multilocularis

A

Tissue Cestodes

130
Q

Taenia multiceps (formerly ______ ______)

A

Tissue Cestodes

Multiceps multiceps

131
Q

Taenia serialis

A

Tissue Cestodes

132
Q

Spirometra mansonoides

A

Tissue Cestodes

133
Q

Spirometra mansoni

A

Tissue Cestodes

134
Q

Diphyllobothrium species

A

Tissue Cestodes

135
Q

Fasciola hepatica

A

Liver Trematodes

136
Q

Paragonimus westermani

A

Lung/liver Trematodes

137
Q

Paragonimus mexicanus

A

Lung Trematodes

138
Q

Paragonimus species

A

Lung trematodes

139
Q

List the blood Trematodes

A

Blood trematodes

Schistosoma haematobium
Schistosoma intercalatum
Schistosoma mekongi
Schistosoma mansoni
Schistosoma japonicum

140
Q

Insecta
Anoplura: ______ (Pediculus, Phthirus)
Siphonaptera: ____ (Pulex, Xenopsylla, etc.)
Dictyoptera: ______
Hemiptera: ____ (Triatoma)
Hymenoptera: ___,____etc.
Coleoptera: ___
Lepidoptera: _____,_____,_____etc.
Diptera: ____,____,______,_____

A

sucking lice

fleas

cockroaches

true bugs

bees, wasps,

beetles

butterflies, caterpillars, moths,

flies, mosquitoes, gnats, midges

141
Q

Pentastomids ( ______ Worms)

A

Tongue

142
Q

Armillifer species

Macrocanthorynchus hirudinace

A

Tissue Tongue worms

Intestine thorny headed worms

143
Q

Acanthocephalans (________ Worms)

A

Thorny-Headed

144
Q

Linguatula serrata

Sebekia species

A

Tissue tongue worms

Tissue tongue worms

145
Q

Nasopharyngeal ( ______Worms)
Armillifer species
Linguatula serrata

A

Adult tissue tongue worms

146
Q

Dog tapeworm?

A

Echinococcus

147
Q

Fish tapeworm?

A

Diphyllobothrium

148
Q

Liver fluke?

Lung fluke?

A

Fasciola

Paragonimus

149
Q

Mention 3 parasites that can cause elephantiasis

A

Wuchereria bancrofti
Brugia malayi
Brugia timori

150
Q

Zoonosis diseases may not infect the animals that carry it

T/F

A

T

151
Q

Taenia solium

Pork or meat?

A

Pork

152
Q

Taenia saginata

Pork or meat

A

Meat tapeworm

153
Q

Who initiates infection

Cysts or trophozoites

A

Cysts

154
Q

What causes the damage in a host

Cysts or trophozoites

A

trophozoites

155
Q

Protozoa are eukaryotes

T/F

A

T

156
Q

Protozoa don’t Have a nucleus
T/F

A

F

157
Q

Protozoa have Intracellular organelles
T/F

A

T

158
Q

Protozoa are Unicellular

T/F

A

T

159
Q

Protozoa are not Mobile
T/F

A

F

160
Q

following are types of parasite

Spurious parasite
Accidental parasite
Ectoparasite
Endoparasite

T/F

A

T
T
T
T

House Microbiology (93 decks)

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