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House Microbiology > Nematodes > Flashcards

Nematodes Flashcards

1
Q

ASCARIASIS
• It is a _________ infection

A

nematode

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2
Q

ASCARIASIS

Transmission:
_________ of _______

A

Ingestion of infective eggs

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3
Q

ASCARIASIS

Aetiological Agents:
•_____________

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

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4
Q

Largest human-parasitic intestinal nematodes causes __________

A

ASCARIASIS

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5
Q

ASCARIASIS: Life cycle

Eggs passed out in faeces

The eggs _______ and become ______.

larvae→ _________ __________ _____________  _____

______  ________

A

embryonate; infective

intestinal mucosa ; circulation; lungs

alveolar walls; bronchial tree; throat

Throat; small intestine

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6
Q

ASCARIASIS
Clinical Features

Mostly asymptomatic

Pulmonary migration (___________):______,______,_______

A

Loeffler’s syndrome

Cough, dyspnea, haemoptysis

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7
Q

ASCARIASIS
Clinical Features

Migrating adults: _____,_______, acute __________ pain, _____ expulsion.

A

cholangitis, pancreatitis

upper abdominal

oral

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8
Q

ASCARIASIS
Clinical Features

Heavy Infections: ______ of nutrients, _______ deficiency, ____ failure, adverse impairment of ______ development

A

malabsorption

nutritional

growth; cognitive

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9
Q

ASCARIASIS
Clinical Features

Complications: _________,__________,________

A

obstruction, intestinal volvulus, intussusception

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10
Q

ASCARIASIS : Treatment

________
__________
—————-

A

Albendazole

Mebendazole

Surgery

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11
Q

TRICHURIASIS
• It is a ________ infection

A

nematode

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12
Q

TRICHURIASIS

Transmission:
________ of _________

A

Ingestion of infective eggs

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13
Q

TRICHURIASIS

Aetiological Agents:
•____________ (_______ )

A

Trichuris trichiura

whipworm

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14
Q

TRICHURIASIS: Morphology

Adults 3-5cm in _______________________

A

ascending colon, cecum & appendix.

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15
Q

TRICHURIASIS: Life cycle

Eggs passed out in faeces

The eggs embryonate and become infective.

larvae→________  ______

A

intestinal mucosa

colon

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16
Q

TRICHURIASIS
Clinical Features

Mostly asymptomatic

Heavy Infections: diarrhoea, dysentery, anaemia, weight loss, abdominal pain, _______,_______,______,________

A

growth retardation, anal eczema, pruritus, urticaria

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17
Q

TRICHURIASIS
Clinical Features

Complications:________

A

rectal prolapse

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18
Q

TRICHURIASIS : Treatment

_________
___________

A

Albendazole

Mebendazole

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19
Q

HOOKWORM INFECTIONS
• it’s a ________ infection

A

nematode

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20
Q

HOOKWORM INFECTIONS

Transmission:
•___________

A

Percutaneous entry

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21
Q

HOOKWORM INFECTIONS

Aetiological Agents:
•______________ and _______

Cutaneous larva migrans:
___________, __________

A

Ancylostoma duodenale & Necator americanus

Ancylostoma braziliense, Ancylostoma caninum

22
Q

HOOKWORM INFECTIONS: Morphology

Adults in lumen of small intestine, attached to its wall.

T/F

23
Q

HOOKWORM INFECTIONS: Life cycle

Eggs passed out in faeces

The eggs embryonate and become infective.

____ larvae→ ______ → circulation → ______ → alveolar walls → ______→ ______

______→________

A

L3; blood vessels

lungs; bronchial tree ; pharynx

pharynx; small intestine

24
Q

HOOKWORMS
Clinical Features

Mostly asymptomatic

Pulmonary migration ( _____________ ): ______,_____,_________

A

Loeffler’s syndrome

Cough, dyspnea, haemoptysis

25
Q

HOOKWORMS
Clinical Features

Heavy Infections: adverse impairment of __________

A

cognitive development

26
Q

HOOKWORMS
Clinical Features

Complications: ___________,

A

iron deficiency anaemia

27
Q

HOOKWORKMS: Treatment

•drugs : _____,____,____,______

•___________ (anaemia)

•CLM (____,_______)

A

Albendazole, Mebendazole, Pyrantel, Pamoate

Iron supplementsq

Ivermectin, Albendazole

28
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS
• It is a __________ infection

29
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS

Aetiological Agents:
•_____________

•_________________

A

Strongyloides stercoralis

Strongyloides fuelleborni

30
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS

Transmission:

____________

_____________

A

Percutaneous entry

Autoinfection

31
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS: Morphology

Only parasitic (males or females?) found in the small intestine.

32
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS: Life cycle

_________ is passed out in faeces , then it matures to _____, which is infective and gets into the circulation, then the ______ to the alveolar walls, to the _______ to the _______

Then from _____ to _________

A

L1 larvae ; L3

lungs

bronchial tree

pharynx

pharynx ; small intestine

33
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS
Clinical Features

Light infection: ____________

Pulmonary migration (________): ______,_______,________

A

Mostly asymptomatic

Loeffler’s syndrome

Cough, dyspnea, haemoptysis

34
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS
Clinical Features

Uncomplicated infection: ———, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, nausea, weight loss, _________

A

pruritis

eosinophilia

35
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS
Clinical Features

Complicated infection:

_________ (similar to ________________).

A

Larva Currens

cutaneous larva migrans

36
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS
Clinical Features

_________ Syndrome & _________ Strongyloidiasis; Potentially life threatening

A

HyperInfection

Disseminated

37
Q

STRONGYLOIDIASIS: Treatment

____________
______________

A

Albendazole

Ivermectin

38
Q

ENTEROBIASIS
• It is a ________ infection

39
Q

ENTEROBIASIS

Transmission:
_______________
_________________

A

Ingestion of infective eggs

Autoinfection

40
Q

ENTEROBIASIS

Aetiological Agents:
•____________________

A

Enterobius vermicularis

41
Q

ENTEROBIASIS: Morphology

Inhabit the _____ part of the small intestine & ______ large intestine .

A

lower

upper

42
Q

ENTEROBIASIS: Life cycle

Eggs passed out in faeces

The eggs embryonate and become infective.

Eggs → _______→ _______→_____

A

L3 larvae

small intestine

Caecum

43
Q

ENTEROBIASIS
Clinical Features

Mostly asymptomatic

____________

Insomnia, abdominal pain, ________ , skin irritation, restlessness
Rarely: Vulvovaginitis, Salpingitis

A

Itchy anal region

appendicitis

44
Q

ENTEROBIASIS
Diagnosis:

Eggs in _________ (___________ test)

Egg identification in ___________

________ identification

A

anal smears

Cellophane tape

fingernail samples

Worm

45
Q

ENTEROBIASIS: Treatment

______,________, pyrantel, pamoate

A

Albendazole, Mebendazole

46
Q

TRICHINOSIS/ TRICHINELLOSIS
• It is a ________ infection

47
Q

TRICHINOSIS/ TRICHINELLOSIS

Transmission:
Ingestion of ___________ from infected animals

A

raw uncooked meat

48
Q

TRICHINOSIS/ TRICHINELLOSIS

Aetiological Agents:
•____________

A

Trichinella Spiralis

49
Q

TRICHINOSIS: Morphology

Only the (male or female?) is found in the small intestine.

50
Q

TRICHINOSIS: Life cycle

Humans ingest _______ in contaminated meat

Encysted larvae invade _______

larvae→ ___________ → circulation → __________ → ________________

A

trichinella cysts

intestinal mucosa

intestinal mucosa

striated skeletal muscles

Excyst within the muscles

51
Q

TRICHINOSIS: Clinical Features

Early infection: ______, diarrhoea, vomiting

Later Infections: headaches, cough, _____,______,________,_________

Heavy Infection: _____,______,________

A

Abdominal pain

eye swelling, myalgia, itchy skin, aching joints

myocarditis, encephalitis , thromboembolism

52
Q

TRICHINOSIS: Treatment

_______,________

A

Albendazole, Mebendazole

House Microbiology (94 decks)

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