Prototype Drug Unit 3 & 4- Ciproflaxin (cipro) Flashcards
What is the therapeutic classification?
Antibacterial
What is the pharmacologic classification?
Bacterial DNA replication inhibitor, fluoroquinolone
What are the therapeutic effects and uses?
Used for UTIs, sinusitis, pneumonia, skin infections, bone and joint infections, infectious diarrhea, and certain eye infections
What is the mechanism of action?
It inhibits bacterial DNA girase and topoisomerase, ciprofloxaxcin affects bacterial replication and DNA repair
What are the routes?
PO, IV, ophthalmic and otic drops
How well is it absorbed?
60-80% absorbed
How is it distributed?
Widely distributed to all body fluids; crosses the placenta; secreted in breast milk; small amounts in cerebrospinal fluid
How is it primarily metabolized?
Mostly unchanged; small amounts of hepatic metabolism
How is it primarily excreted?
Primarily renal : 15% biliary route
What are the adverse effects?
GI adverse effects, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, may occur in patients taking high doses.
Black box warning: tendinitis and tendon rupture may occur in all ages
What are the contraindications/ precautions?
Contraindications: hypersensitivity
Precautions: CNS disorders and severe renal impairment
What are the drug interactions?
Warfarin: increase anticoagulant effects and result in bleeding
What are the herbal/food interactions?
Ingestion of large caffeine quantities causes excessive nervousness or tachycardia.
Pregnancy category
C
