Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Hematology, oncology > ONcology > Flashcards

ONcology Flashcards

1
Q

when mastectomy is required over BCT

A

1) tumor involving skin, chest wall
2) more than 1 quadrant
3) inflammatory breast cancer
4) contraindications for radiation exist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Screening required for AI’s

A

q2yr DEXA scans + bisphosphonate therapy if T score less than 2.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

indications for adjuvant chemo in breast cancer

A

1) triple negative
2) HER2 positive
3) high grade tumors
4) extensive lymphovascular invasion
5) positive lymph nodes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

inflammatory breast cancer treatment

A

neoadjuvant chemo –> surgery –> XRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Treatment of lytic bone mets

A

Bisphosphonates or denosumab or XRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

tamoxifen SE’s

A

endometrial cancer

VTE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Aromatase inhibitor SE’s

A

Arthralgia + bone pain + HLD + osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

denosumab SE’s

A

hypocalcemia, osteonecrosis of the jaw, especially in patients with dental disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ideal site to biopsy

A

1) peripherally

2) site that will simultaneously diagnose and stage disease (peripheral lymph node, medistinal node)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

limited stage small cell

A

one hemithorax, no effusion present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

other paraneoplastic conditions associated with small cell

A

cortical cerebellar degeneration

limbic encephalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

treatment of extensive stage small cell

A

chemotherapy (no radiation)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

treatment of symptomatic brain mets in SCLC

A

whole-brain XRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

treatment of Stage 1 NSCLC

A

surgical resection, then cisplatin-based adjuvant chemo (only if solid tumor >4cm) and XRT if positive margins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

treatment of Stage 3 NSCLC

A

Platinum-based chemo + XRT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

treatment of Stage 4 NSCLC

A

1) chemo if good performance status

2) immunotherapy with anti-PD1 and anti-PDL1 checkpoint inhibitor if PDL1 expression is high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

treatment of solitary brain mets in NSCLC

A

surgical excision and postop brain radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

stage 1 NSCLC

A

3-5 cm + no LAD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

stage 2 NSCLC

A

regional LAD, pleura or cehst wall invovlment, tumor near carina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

stage 3 NSCLC

A

mediastinal involvment or contralateral mediastinal lymphadenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

stage 4 NSCLC

A

mets or effusion

22
Q

treatment of EGFR positive NSCLC

A

erlotinib (or gefitinib, afatinib)

23
Q

treatment of ALK or ROS1 positive NSCLC

A

crizotinib

24
Q

localized gastric cancer treatment

A

neoadjuvant chemo, followed by surgery

25
Q

metastatic gastric cancer treatment

A

platinum-based regimen

26
Q

early stage MALT lymphoma treatment

A

PPI + abx

27
Q

colorectal cancer staging

A

CT chest/abdomen/pelvis

Serum CEA

28
Q

CRC staging

A

Stage 1 – confined to colon
Stage 2 – local invasion
Stage 3 – metastatic to regional lymph nodes
stage 4 – distant mets

29
Q

treatment of stage II and III rectal cancer

A

neoadjuvant XRT and chemo, surgery, postop chemo

30
Q

CRC follow-up

A

CEA q6months for 5 years
c-scope 1 yr following resection, 3 yrs after, then q5 years
CT abdomen/chest/pelvis q5 years

31
Q

management of widely metastatic CRC

A

no chemo, hospice

32
Q

anal cancer treatment

A

XRT + mitomycin plus 5-FU

33
Q

agent for advanced/metastatic HCC

A

sorafenib

34
Q

first-line for HCC

A

surgical resection or liver transplant
IF surgery not possible –> RFA or percutaneous ethanol injection.
IF cirrhotic and 3 tumors or 1 tumor <5cm –> transplant
IF advanced, multifocal HCC –> chemoembolization

35
Q

Trousseau syndrome

A
  • episodes of vessel inflammation due to blood clot (thrombophlebitis) which are recurrent or appearing in different locations over time (thrombophlebitis migrans or migratory thrombophlebitis). The location of the clot is tender and the clot can be felt as a nodule under the skin
  • associated with pancreatic cancer
36
Q

pancreatic cancer treatment

A

Resect if resectable.

IF unresectable –> XRT alone OR 5-FU plus radiation therapy OR single-agent chemo (usually gemcitabine)

37
Q

Unresectable pancreatic cancer

A

SMA or celiac trunc involvment

38
Q

Management of most NETs

A

observation until symptomatic (most are indolent)

39
Q

sunitinib mechanism

A

anti-VEGF

40
Q

everolimus mechanism

A

mTOR inhibitor

41
Q

general treatment of endometrial cancer

A

Surgical resection of uterus, cervix, and adnexa.

IF higher risk –> XRT and/or chemo

42
Q

next step after rising PSA

A

transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy

43
Q

gemcitabine SE’s

A 
Flu-like symptoms(muscle pain, fever, headache, chills, fatigue)
Fever (within 6-12 hours of first dose)
Fatigue.
nausea (mild)/Vomiting.
Poor appetite.
Skin rash.
bone marrow suppression
liver and kidney problems, nausea, fever, rash, shortness of breath, 
mouth sores
diarrhea
neuropathy
hair loss.
44
Q

what antimetabolite means…

A

chemical that inhibits the use of a metabolite, which is another chemical that is part of normal metabolism.[1] Such substances are often similar in structure to the metabolite that they interfere with, such as the antifolates that interfere with the use of folic acid; thus, competitive inhibition can occur, and the presence of antimetabolites can have toxic effects on cells, such as halting cell growth and cell division, so these compounds are used as chemotherapy for cancer.
For instance, MTX is an antimetabolite because it interferes with folic acid metabolism.

45
Q

APR stands for

A

abdominoperineal resection – common treatment for rectal cancer when the cancer is located close to the anus, entire rectal cancer, adjacent normal rectum, rectal sphincter or anus, and surrounding lymph nodes are removed through an incision in the lower abdomen and the perineum (the skin around the anus).

46
Q

definitive chemotherapy

A

no plan for surgery just chemo and possibly radiation.

47
Q

when ANC usually reaches nadir after chemo

A

12-14 days after day 1

48
Q

Neoadjuvant chemo options for locally advanced breast cancer

A

Anthracycline-, alkylator-, and taxane-based chemotherapy regimens

49
Q

what are the taxanes

A

paclitaxel + docetaxal + cabazitaxel

50
Q

general ANC threshold for starting or resuming chemotherapy

A

1000

51
Q

hypopharynx defined as

A

inferior to epiglottis

52
Q

Xeloda generic name

A

Capecitabine

Hematology, oncology (218 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions