medicine i should know

Question 1

Abx with MRSA coverage

Answer 1

Clinda, vanc, bactrim, ceftaroline, dapto, linezolid

Question 2

abx with pseudomonal coverage

Answer 2

Meropenem, zosyn, levaquin, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins

Question 3

COPD diagnosis

Answer 3

FEV1/FVC less than 0.7

Question 4

sodium quantity of IV fluids

Answer 4

NS = 154 meq/L
1/2NS = 77 meq/L
LR = 130 meq/L

Question 5

meds that improve mortality in HF

Answer 5

1) BB 2) Statin 3) ACE/ARB 4) Aldosterone antagonists 5) Hydralazine/isosorbide in AA’s

Question 6

normal PCO2 on ABG

Answer 6

35 to 45 mmHg (4.7 to 6 kPa)

Question 7

normal pO2 on ABG

Answer 7

> 80

Question 8

normal PO2 on VBG

Answer 8

30-40

Question 9

anytime you make someone NPO you should reflexively

Answer 9

think whether they’re on insulin

Question 10

any procedure think

Answer 10

1) NPO at midnight
2) hold DVT PPX
3) check PT/INR

Question 11

every time you make someone NPO think

Answer 11

1) NPO EXCEPT MEDS
2) are they on insulin
3) Accuchecks

Question 12

every time you order a PICC think

Answer 12

SINGLE LUMEN

Question 13

any time you order an MRI think

Answer 13

1) Claustrophobic? Need to premedicate?

2) Metal devices or metal cardiac stents

Question 14

vanc trough goal for skin and soft tissue infections

Answer 14

10-15

Question 15

intraabdominal infection abx duration if source control

Answer 15

5 days

Question 16

when changing diuretic dose always

Answer 16

confirm whether patient is compliant

Question 17

when consulting nephrology give them

Answer 17

K, bun, cbc, creatinine, phosphorus, volume status

Question 18

when a person tries to AMA always ask

Answer 18

whether they have capacity

Question 19

when you need contrast

Answer 19

1) Vascular structures
2) Solid organs, and malignancy/tumor evaluation
3) Abscess
4) CT abdomens, commonly

Question 20

DIC panel

Answer 20

PT/PTT + d-dimer + fibrinogen + smear + CBC (platelets)

Question 21

SIRS criteria

Answer 21

Temp >38°C (100.4°F) or < 36°C (96.8°F)
Heart rate > 90
Respiratory rate > 20 or PaCO₂ < 32 mm Hg
WBC > 12,000/mm³, < 4,000/mm³, or > 10% bands

Question 22

Reasons to have an elevated d-dimer

Answer 22

any acute or inflammatory process (eg, age >50 years, recent surgery or trauma, acute illness, pregnancy or postpartum state, rheumatologic disease, renal dysfunction [estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2]), sickle cell disease, pulmonary disease

Question 23

every time you order contrast study you need to

Answer 23

check for recent creatinine

Question 24

positive orthostatics

Answer 24

1. Pulse rate increases >20; OR
2. Systolic blood pressure decreases by 20-30 mmHg; OR
3. The patient has an increase in dizziness, weakness, nausea, or other symptoms.

Question 25

Left heart catheterization generally means

Answer 25

coronary angiography

Question 26

what are esbl producing organisms and to what are they resistant

Answer 26

ESBLs are beta-lactamases that hydrolyze extended-spectrum cephalosporins with an oxyimino side chain. These cephalosporins include cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ceftazidime.

Question 27

Options for treating ESBL organisms

Answer 27

typically carbapenem (possibly zosyn too)

Question 28

strength grading

Answer 28

``` 5- normal 4- some weakness 3- can lift against gravity 2- no lift against gravity 1- no contractions ```