TERMS

Question 1

multipotent stem cells of the bone

Answer 1

osteoprogenitor cells

Question 2

located on the surface of the bone

synthesize/transport matrix proteins (blasts build and control clasts)

Answer 2

osteoblasts

Question 3

not as metabolically active as osteoblasts
-howship lacunae

derived from granulocyte monocyte precursors in bone marrow

Answer 3

osteoclasts

Question 4

type I collagen
backbone of bone matrix
bone randomly or orderly and layered

Answer 4

matrix proteins

Question 5

bound to matrix

variety of functions: adhesion, calcium, binding, mineralization

Answer 5

noncollagenous proteins

Question 6

produced quickly, resists forces equally from all directions

normally seen in the fetal skeleton and at growth plates

presence in adults leading to pathologic conditions

• fracture
• site of infection
• matrix of bone producing tumors

Answer 6

woven bone

Question 7

deposited more slowly
stronger than woven bone
4 types:
-cortex
-bone trabeculae

Answer 7

lamellar bone

Question 8

cranium results from this type of formation and bone formed from mesenchyme

Answer 8

intramembranous formation

Question 9

this type of lengthening affects long bones

primitive mesenchyme builds cartilage model

ingrowth of osteoprogenitor cells and blood vessels into center

osteoid deposition, mineralization

Answer 9

enchondral formation

Question 10

ends of long bone that ossify from secondary ossification centers

Answer 10

epiphysis

Question 11

elongated shaft of the long bone that ossifies from a primary center

Answer 11

diaphysis

Question 12

end of diaphysis near the epiphysis, zones of active growth of a long bone

Answer 12

metaphysis

Question 13

separates epiphysis from metaphysis; responsible for length wise growth of long bone through the proliferation, hypertrophy, and apoptosis of chondrocytes

Answer 13

epiphyseal plate of cartilage

Question 14

failure of development of a bone

Answer 14

agenesis

Question 15

formation of extra bones

Answer 15

supernumerary

Question 16

fusion of adjacent digits

Answer 16

syndactylism

Question 17

development of long, spider like digits; marfans syndrome

Answer 17

acrachnodactylism

Question 18

failure of closure of the spinal column or cranium; meningomyelocele or meningoencephalocele

Answer 18

cranioachischisis