HIGH YIELD-DM COMPLICATIONS

Question 1

morbidity assoc with DM results from?

Answer 1

microangiopathy
retinopathy
neuropathy
nephropathy

Question 2

evidence suggests that complications are consequence of metabolic derangemetns

Answer 2

hyperglycemia

Question 3

what are the metabolic events involved in the genesis of complications?

Answer 3

non-enzymatic glycosylation

intracellular hyperglycemia

activation of protein kinase C
increased hexosamine

increased hexosamine pathway flux

Question 4

major genetic factors?

Answer 4

no genetic susceptibility genes

patients with DM can by susceptible to hyperglycemia induced chronic complications

Question 5

what types of of DM develop from the pancreas?

Answer 5

type I
-reduction in number and size of islets

type II
-subtle decrease in islet cell mass

Question 6

affect of DM on the vascular system?

Answer 6

accelerated atherosclerosis
hyaline atherosclerosis
gangrene
diabetic microangiopathy
-diffuse thickening of basement membranes
-thickening of basal lamina

Question 7

affect of DM on the kidney? (name the 3 major lesions)

Answer 7

renal failure: 2nd leading COD

glomerular
renal vascular lesions
pyelonephritis

Question 8

affect of DM on the ocular?

Answer 8

retinopathy
-nonproliferative
*microangiopathy, microaneurysms
-proliferative
*neovascularization, fibroplasia
cataracts
glaucoma

Question 9

affect of DM on peripheral neuropathy?

Answer 9

“stocking and glove pattern”

motor neurons may be involved

loss of proprioception

autonomic neuropathy

Question 10

affect of DM on dermatologic lesions?

Answer 10

shin spots (found on extensor surfaces)

necrobiosis lipoidica