ECG Flashcards
ECG: Définir les termes suivants
* Segment
* Intervalle
* Complexe
- Segment : portion spécifique de l’ECG
- Intervalle : distance, mesurée comme un temps, qui survient entre 2 événements cardiaques (intervalle de temps)
- Complexe : représente un événement électrique cardiaque (dépolarisation des oreillettes, repolarisation des oreillettes, dépolarisation des ventricules, repolarisation des ventricules, transmission de l’influx via les faisceaux de His, etc.)
ECG: Définir le terme suivant - SEGMENT
Segment : portion spécifique de l’ECG
ECG: Définir le terme suivant - INTERVALLE
- Intervalle : distance, mesurée comme un temps, qui survient entre 2 événements cardiaques (intervalle de temps)
ECG: Définir le terme suivant - COMPLEXE
- Complexe : représente un événement électrique cardiaque (dépolarisation des oreillettes, repolarisation des oreillettes, dépolarisation des ventricules, repolarisation des ventricules, transmission de l’influx via les faisceaux de His, etc.)
ECG: Définir les termes suivants
* Q wave
* R wave
* S wave
- Q wave : first negative wave that we reach after the P wave
- R wave: first positive deflection after the P wave
- S wave: first negative component after an R wave
ECG: Définir le terme suivant - Q WAVE
- Q wave : first negative wave that we reach after the P wave
ECG: Définir le terme suivant - R WAVE
- R wave: first positive deflection after the P wave
ECG: Définir le terme suivant - S WAVE
- S wave: first negative component after an R wave
ECG: Onde P - Ce que l’onde représente
Electrical depolarization of both atria
- The wave starts when the SA node fires. It also includes transmission of the impulse through the three internodal pathways, the Bachmann bundle, and the atrial myocytes themselves.
- Positives: DI, DII, DIII, aVF
- Negative : aVR
- Inverted P waves are found when the pacing or initial impulse originates at or below the AV node
ECG: Onde P - Dérivations où elle est POSITIVE vs NÉGATIVE
- Positives: DI, DII, DIII, aVF
- Negative : aVR
- Inverted P wave are found when the pacing or initial impulse originates at or below the AV node
ECG: Onde P - Ce que veut dire des onde P INVERSÉE
- Inverted P waves are found when the pacing or initial impulse originates at or below the AV node
ECG: Segment PR - Ce que le segment représente
- Occupies the time frame between the end of the P wave and the beginning of the QRS complex.
- Transmission of the electrical depolarization wave through the AV node, His bundles, bundle branches, and Purkinje system.
- It can be depressed by less than 0,8 mm under normal circumstances; anything greater than that is pathological.
- It is pathologically depressed in pericarditis, and when there is an atrial infarct (rare).
ECG: Segment PR - Dans quelles criconstances / pathos peut-il être affecté?
- It can be depressed by less than 0,8 mm under normal circumstances; anything greater than that is pathological.
- It is pathologically depressed in pericarditis, and when there is an atrial infarct (rare).
ECG: Intervalle PR - Ce qu’il représente
- Time period from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex: it includes the P wave and the PR segment.
- Covers all the events from the initiation of the electrical impulse in the SA node up to the moment of ventricular depolarization.
- The atria, the AV node, bundle of His, both bundle branches and the Purkinje system are all depolarizing and conducting the impulse.
ECG: Compexe QRS - Ce qu’il représente
- Ventricular depolarization
- Two or more waves
- Q wave: can be benign, or it can be a sign of dead myocardial tissue
— Significant if it is 0,04 seconds or wider, or its height is equal to or greater than 1/3 the height of the R wave = indicates a myocardial infarction
— It if doesn’t meets either of these criteria = not a significant Q wave
ECG: Compexe QRS - Nombre de vague nécessaire
- Two or more waves
ECG: Compexe QRS - Les ondes Q peuvent signifier quoi?
Q wave: can be benign, or it can be a sign of dead myocardial tissue
* Significant if it is 0,04 seconds or wider, or its height is equal to or greater than 1/3 the height of the R wave = indicates a myocardial infarction
* It if doesn’t meets either of these criteria = not a significant Q wave
ECG: Segment ST - Ce quil représente
- From the end of the QRS complex to the beginning of the T wave.
- Electrically neutral period between ventricular depolarization and repolarization (represents the time that the myocardium is maintaining contraction in order to push the blood out of the ventricles)
- J point: point where the QRS complex ends and the ST segment begins
- Many times, a clear J point cannot be identified because of ST segment elevation.
- The ST segment is usually found along the baseline. It can vary up to 1 mm from baseline in the limb leads of normal patients, and up to 3 mm in the right precordials of some patients.
- Any ST elevation in a symptomatic patient should be considered significant and representative of myocardial injury or infarction until proven otherwise.
ECG: Segment ST - Localisation
From the end of the QRS complex to the beginning of the T wave.
ECG: J Point
- J point: point where the QRS complex ends and the ST segment begins
- Many times, a clear J point cannot be identified because of ST segment elevation.
ECG: Segment ST - Décrivez un segment ST normal
- The ST segment is usually found along the baseline. It can vary up to 1 mm from baseline in the limb leads of normal patients, and up to 3 mm in the right precordials of some patients.
- Any ST elevation in a symptomatic patient should be considered significant and representative of myocardial injury or infarction until proven otherwise.
ECG: Segment ST - Qu’est-ce qu’un segment ST anormal?
- The ST segment is usually found along the baseline. It can vary up to 1 mm from baseline in the limb leads of normal patients, and up to 3 mm in the right precordials of some patients.
- Any ST elevation in a symptomatic patient should be considered significant and representative of myocardial injury or infarction until proven otherwise.
ECG: T Wave - Qu’est-ce qu’elle représente?
- Represents ventricular repolarization
- Should begin in the same direction as the QRS complex
- A negative wave (repolarization is a negative wave) traveling away from the electrode is perceived the same as a positive wave moving toward it.
- The T wave should be asymmetrical, with the first part rising or dropping slowly and the latter part moving much faster.
- Symmetric T waves can be normal, but are usually a sign of pathology
ECG: T Wave - Qu’est-ce qu’une onde T normale?
- A negative wave (repolarization is a negative wave) traveling away from the electrode is perceived the same as a positive wave moving toward it.
- The T wave should be asymmetrical, with the first part rising or dropping slowly and the latter part moving much faster.
- Symmetric T waves can be normal, but are usually a sign of pathology