Chapter 25: MNT in Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease (CHF)

Question 1

refers to the failure of the left ventricle to pump effectively; characterized by dyspnea/orthopnea, pulmonary edema, and fatigability

Answer 1

congestive heart failure (CHF)

Question 2

shortness of breath (dyspnea) that happens when you’re lying on your back (in a supine position)

Answer 2

orthopnea

Question 3

effect of pulmonary edema in chf

decreased _____ ability of the heart

Answer 3

pumping

Question 4

effect of pulmonary edema in chf

insufficient blood reaching the _____; detected as low BP

Answer 4

kidneys

Question 5

effect of pulmonary edema in chf

kidneys release _____ into the blood stream; activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism

Answer 5

renin

Question 6

effect of pulmonary edema in chf

_____ promotes sodium (and water) retention and aggravates edema

Answer 6

aldosterone

Question 7

chf - etiology (2)

Answer 7

valve disorders and cardiomyopathy

Question 8

chf - stages

normal circulation is reached

Answer 8

compensation

Question 9

chf - stages

when the heart is incapable of maintaining the normal circulation

Answer 9

decompensation

Question 10

chf - dietary mgmt

diet: ?

rationale: if obese, decreased workload of the heart

Answer 10

low kcal

Question 11

chf - dietary mgmt

diet: ?

rationale: control water retention

Answer 11

fluid and na contolled