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NBCD > Chapter 22: MNT in GI Disorders > Flashcards

Chapter 22: MNT in GI Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

is the disease characterized by atrophy of the intestine due to lack of peptidase to digest the gliadin fraction of gluten

A

gluten-sensitivity enteropathy (celiac disease)

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2
Q

gluten-sensitive enteropathy is aka

A

celiac disease

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3
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

signs of this disease are: diarrhea, weight loss, steatorrhea

A

gluten-sensitive (celiac disease)

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4
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: restrict rye, oats, wheat, and barley

rationale?

A

rich in gluten

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5
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: low fat

rationale:

A

prevent steatorrhea

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6
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: MCT

rationale:

A

for better fat absorption

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7
Q

excessive amounts of fat in your poop

A

steatorrhea

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8
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: vitamin and mineral supplementation

rationale:

A

to replace losses

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9
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

celiac disease dietary mgmt
diet: high calorie

rationale:

A

to compensate weight loss

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10
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

refers to the disease characterized by malabsorption, diarrhea, and intestinal disorders

A

tropical sprue

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11
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

signs of this disease are: flatulence, indigestion, glossitis

A

tropical sprue

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12
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

tropical sprue dietary mgmt
diet: high protein

rationale:

A

to health lesions

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13
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

tropical sprue dietary mgmt
diet: folic acid

rationale:

A

to alleviate symptoms; restore the gi structure and function

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14
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

tropical sprue dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to correct malabsorption

A

low fat diet

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15
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

tropical sprue dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: prevent pernicious anemia

A

vitamin b12

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16
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

refers to the fibrosis of the bowel wall due to radiation exposure characterized by diarrhea and malabsorption

A

enteritis

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17
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to provide nutritional needs

A

NPO, IVF, or PN

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18
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to prevent irritation

A

small frequent feedings

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19
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to favor fat absorption

A

low fat, MCT

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20
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to replace losses

A

vitamins and mineral supplements

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21
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

enteritis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to prevent oxaluria

A

calcium supplements

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22
Q

happens when you have too much oxalate in your urine

A

oxaluria

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23
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

refers to the congenital malformation of the lymphatic system causing losses of protein, diarrhea, and steatorrhea, due to malabsorption

A

lymphangiectasis

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24
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

lymphangiectasis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: for direct transport to the liver and better fat absorption

A

MCT

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25
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

pertains to the failure to absorb nutrients due to pancreatitis, e.coli, or rotavirus infection, bacterial overgrowth, impaired enzymatic activity, biliary secretion, drugs, and reduction of absorptive surface due to organic diseases (celiac or tropical sprue, resections or bypass); increased absorption may occur with hemochromatosis or Wilson’s disease

A

malabsorption

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26
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

malabsorption dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: in case of malabsorption

A

fat-restricted diets

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27
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

malabsorption dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: for hyperoxaluria due to binding of fatty acids with calcium

A

oxalate-restricted diets

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28
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

interference with the flow of intestinal contents caused by adhesions, hernia, or tumor

A

intestinal obstruction

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29
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

intestinal obstruction dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to provide nutrition support

A

NPO, IV, TPN

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30
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

intestinal obstruction dietary mgmt
diet: surgical removal of the obstruction

rationale: -

A

-

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31
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

the failure to digest and absorb nutrients due to lack of enzyme activity characterized by vomiting or diarrhea

A

intolerance

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32
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

intolerance dietary mgmt
diet: restrict specific disaccharide rich food item (ex: if lactose, restrict milk)

rationale: -

A

-

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33
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

severe diarrhea and malabsorption following surgery or intestinal resections

A

short-bowel syndrome

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34
Q

disease of the intestines - small intestine

short bowel syndrome dietary mgmt
diet:
-tube feeding, intravenous nutrition or intestinal transplantation
-progressive diets
-if with intact colon, carbohydrates (CHOs) are increased; low fat
- if w/o intact colon, fats are increased; low CHO
-vitamin and mineral supplements

A

-

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35
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

symptom of several diseases

acc to WHO (2009), it is the passage of 3 or more watery or loose bowel movements in a 24-hr period

A

diarrhea

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36
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diarrhea may be acute

A

<2 weeks

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37
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diarrhea may be severe

A

> 2 weeks

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38
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

etiology of this disease is: stress, poor eating habits, lesions in the git, organic diseases, enzyme deficiency, malabsorption, and infection

A

diarrhea

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39
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

types of this disease are: osmotic, secretory, exudative, and motility disorder

A

diarrhea

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40
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diarrhea mangement (medical)

A

antidiarrheal drugs

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41
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diarrhea dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to rest the organ and replace fluids

A

NPO, IVF

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42
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diarrhea dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to prevent dehydration

A

electrolyte replacement

43
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diarrhea dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to prevent irritation

A

progressive diets from clear to normal

44
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diarrhea dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to replace losses

A

high kcal, high-protein supplements

45
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

the retention of feces in the colon due to decreased gastric emptying time

A

constipation

46
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

etiology of this disease are: inactivity, decreased GIT motility due to pregnancy, operation or stress, lack of fiber

A

constipation

47
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

constipation: where there is weakened movement; lazy bowel

A

atonic

48
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

constipation: when there are small ribbon-like stools due to increased tonicity

A

spastic

49
Q

complication of constipation

due to decal impaction

inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal cavity caused by the leakage of infectious microorganisms through a perforation in an abdominal organ

A

peritonitis

50
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

atonic constipation dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to promote motility, increase bulk, to soften the stools

A

high fiber and fluids

51
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

spastic constipation dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to form the stools

A

low fiber; agar-agar

52
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

spastic constipation dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to prevent irritation

A

bland

53
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diverticulosis - are sacs or pouches that develop in weakened areas of the intestinal wall

A

diverticula

54
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

refers to the presence of many pouches or diverticula in the large intestine

A

diverticulosis

55
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

pertains to the presence of inflamed diverticula

A

diverticulitis

56
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

etiology of this disease are: old age, weakened musculature, low-fiber diets

A

diverticulitis

57
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

characteristics of this disease are: fibrosis of the intestinal walls, narrowing of the lumen, abdominal pain and distention, alternates of diarrhea and infection, indigestion, and flatus

A

diverticulitis

58
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diverticulitis medical mgmt

A

surgery, anti-infective drugs

59
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diverticulosis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to rest the organ

A

NPO

60
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diverticulosis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to supply liquids

A

IVF

61
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diverticulosis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to stimulate bowel movement

A

high fiber after acute attacks

62
Q

disease of the intestines - large intestine

diverticulosis dietary mgmt
diet: ?

rationale: to attain optimal nutrition

A

high calorie, high protein

63
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

pertains to the chronic inflammation and ulceration of the large intestines’ mucosa characterized by rectal bleeding, fever, malnutrition, and diarrhea with pain and spasm

A

ulcerative colitis

64
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

refers to the crack-like ulcers accompany inflammation commonly affects the ileum and colon

A

crohn’s disease

65
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

complications - _____ of the intestines causing obstruction and inflammation

A

fibrosis

66
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

dietary management
diet: ?
rationale: to attain optimal nutrition

A

high kcal, high protein

67
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

dietary management
diet: ?
rationale: to replenish losses of vitamins, minerals, and fluids

A

supplementation

68
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

dietary management
diet: ?
rationale: to prevent irritation

A

low fiber and residue

69
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

dietary management
diet: ?
rationale: to replace losses

A

fe supplements

70
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

dietary management
diet: ?
rationale: to prevent undue intestinal distention

A

progressive diet from clear to normal, bland

71
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

dietary management
diet: ?
rationale: malabsorption

A

low fat

72
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

dietary management
diet: ?
rationale: malabsorption of if ileum is affected

A

supplement vitamin b12

73
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

dietary management
diet: ?
rationale: to provide nutrition when there are fistulas

A

small frequent feeding

74
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

dietary management
diet: ?
rationale: these are live microorganisms, constituents of the microflora, which modulate immune response

A

probiotics

75
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

the inflammation of the appendix characterized by severe abdominal pain and tenderness in the right lower quadrant

A

appendicitis

76
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

management after surgery
diet: ?
rationale: progressive diet after peristalsis resumes

A

NPO, IVF

77
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

refer to the ruptures in the hemorrhoidal veins

may cause rectal bleeding, may be caused by pregnancy and/or constipation

A

hemorrhoids

78
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

hemorrhoids dietary management (2)

A

high-fiber diet or fiber supplementation

79
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

an intestinal disorder characterized by abdominal discomfort, cramping, diarrhea, or constipation

A

irritable bowel syndrome

80
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

irritable bowel syndrome dietary management (2)

A

fat restricted and fiber controlled

81
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

medical management (3)

A

antidepressants, laxatives, anti-diarrheal

82
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

pertains to the proliferation of microorganisms because of reduction of gastric secretions and other protective mechanisms

A

bacterial overgrowth

83
Q

this disease is an intestinal gas production, fatty acid deficiencies, pernicious anemia, bone pain, scaling, and bruising

A

bacterial growth

84
Q

inflammatory bowel diseases

etiology of this disease are: gastric surgery, chronic gastritis, chronic pancreatitis, human immunodeficiency virus infections, statis

A

bacterial overgrowth

85
Q

where the digestion and absorption of food occur

A

gastrointestinal tract

86
Q

oral cavity - diseases

congenital deformities in the lip or palate that prevents adequate closure

A

cleft lip/cleft palate

87
Q

cleft palate - medical mgmt

A

surgery

88
Q

cleft palate - dietary mgmt

-small frequent feedings
-formula-red using medicine dropper or large-holed feedings bottles

A

-

89
Q

oral cavity - diseases

dental problems, toothlessness, ill-fitting dentures - diet mgmt

-oral hygiene, avoid cariogenic (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and selenium) and sticky sweets
-fluoride to stabilize enamel and lessen the formation of carries
-phosphate to cleanse and mineralize

A

diet mgmt

90
Q

oral cavity - diseases

refers to the angular fissuring of the mouth

A

cheilosis

91
Q

oral cavity - diseases

pertains to lip lesion characterized by fissures of the corners of the lips

A

angular stomatitis

92
Q

angular stomatitis - causes

A

nut. deficiencies (b complex, iron, and protein), infection, or folding of skin

93
Q

cheilosis or angular stomatitis - diet mgmt

-Identify and corrent the nutritional deficiency
-If due to infection, arrest infection and provide high chon and sufficient calories to combat the infection

A

-

94
Q

oral cavity - diseases

refers to the inflammation of the oral mucosa due to niacin, tryptophan, folic acid, or vitamin b12 deficiency

A

stomatitis

95
Q

stomatitis - diet mgmt

if chewing is difficult

A

liquid to soft diet

96
Q

oral cavity - diseases

if with high fever and infection

A

high kcal, high chon

97
Q

oral cavity - diseases

refers to the increased vascularity of papillary epithelium manifested by soreness of the tongue, atrophy, and flattening

A

glossitis

98
Q

glossitis - diet mgmt

vitamin b complex supplements

A

-

99
Q

oral cavity - diseases

refers to the inflammation of the supporting structure of the teeth (gingival and periodontal ligaments) with a resultant loss of alveolar bone

A

periodontitis

100
Q

supplement of ca, vitamin a, chon, folic acid, and iron

softer consistency

oral hygiene

A

periodontitis - diet mgmt

101
Q

oral cavity - diseases

refers to the inflammation of the throat

A

tonsilitis

102
Q

diet mgmt:

moist, soft-textured foods
avoid acid foods or sticky foods
avoid thermally irritating foods

A

tonsilitis diet mgmt

103
Q

esophagus - disease

refers to the acute or chronic inflammation of the esophageal wall

A

esophagitis

104
Q

esophagus - disease

symptoms: heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia (difficulty in swallowing)

A

esophagitis

NBCD (89 decks)

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