Chapter 10: Macromineral (Potassium)

Question 1

concentrated in intracellular fluids (250 g)

Answer 1

potassium (K)

Question 2

major intracellular cation

Answer 2

potassium (K)

Question 3

involved in regulating water and acid-balance together with sodium

Answer 3

potassium

Question 4

potassium - function

cell integrity

Answer 4

-

Question 5

potassium - function

participates in many biochemical reactions inside the cell, particularly those involved in the release of energy from food and the synthesis of _____ and _____

Answer 5

protein and glycogen

Question 6

potassium - function

maintains normal _____

Answer 6

fluid balance

Question 6

potassium - function

maintains _____ balance

Answer 6

acid-base

Question 7

potassium - function

aids in _____ and _____

Answer 7

nerve impulse transmission and muscle contractions

Question 8

potassium - function

acts along with Mg as a muscle relaxant opposing the muscle contracting stimulus of Ca

Answer 8

magnesium

Question 9

potassium - absorption and metabolism

absorbed in _____ by diffusion

Answer 9

intestine

Question 10

potassium - absorption and metabolism

distributed in the blood from the intestine by _____

Answer 10

diffusion

Question 11

potassium - absorption and metabolism

enters the cell against a concentration gradient and requires an _____

Answer 11

active transport mechanism

Question 12

potassium - absorption and metabolism

excreted in the

Answer 12

urine

Question 13

potassium - absorption and metabolism

level of potassium in the blood is maintained because if it rises 3-4x above normal, the beating of the heart will cease and may lead to _____

Answer 13

death

Question 14

potassium

prolonged vomiting or diarrhea, regular use of certain drugs (diuretics, steroids, and laxatives), and severe protein-energy malnutrition can cause depletion of potassium in the body which may cause muscular weakness, paralysis, confusion, and cardiac arrhythmia

Answer 14

deficiency

Question 15

potassium - toxicity

(5)

Answer 15

muscular weakness, vomiting, cardiac arrest, hyperkalemia

Question 16

potassium - recommended intake

for children (1-2 y/o)

Answer 16

1,400 mg

Question 17

potassium - recommended intake

for children (6-9 y/o)

Answer 17

1,600 mg

Question 18

potassium - recommended intake

for children (1-2 y/o)

Answer 18

1,000 mg

Question 19

potassium - recommended intake

for adults (19->70 y/o)

Answer 19

2,000 mg

Question 20

meat, poultry, fish, organ meats, milk and milk products, certain fresh fruits (avocado, banana, apricot, dried fruit, melons, and oranges), vegetable (broccoli, brussels sprouts, squash, potatoes, dry beans, peas, legumes

Answer 20

food sources