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NBCD > Chapter 10: Micromineral (Zinc) > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Micromineral (Zinc) Flashcards

1
Q

commonly found as the _____ (Zn 2+)

A

divalent ion

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2
Q

amount of the mineral in an adult ranges from

A

1.5 to 3 g

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3
Q

occurs in all cells, tissues, organs, fluids, and secretions but is mainly concentrated (about 90% of the body’s zinc) in _____

A

muscle bones

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4
Q

over 95% is bound within various _____ of cells and cell membranes

A

metalloenzymes

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5
Q

most of the zinc in the blood is in the RBCs, which contain the zinc-containing enzyme _____ needed to convert carbon dioxide to bicarbonate ions (HCO3)

A

carbonic anhydrase

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6
Q

zinc - functions

component of more than 200 enzymes participating in a wide variety of catalytic, regulatory and structural function, including metabolic reactions such as synthesis and/or degradation of cho, lipids, chon, and nucleic acids

A
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7
Q

zinc - functions

interacts with _____ facilitating the uptake of glucose by cells of adipose tissues

A

insulin

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8
Q

zinc - functions

needed for the normal development and maintenance of the body’s _____

A

immune system

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9
Q

zinc - functions

important in stabilizing membrane structure and guarding it against _____

A

peroxidative damage

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10
Q

zinc - functions

important in _____ and important in mobilizing vitamin a from liver stores

A

night vision

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11
Q

zinc - functions

facilitates _____ and _____

A

wound healing and blood clotting

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12
Q

zinc - functions

regulates _____

A

gene expression

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13
Q

zinc - functions

influences _____

A

thyroid hormone function

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14
Q

zinc - functions

necessary for _____ and _____

A

visual pigments and taste reception

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15
Q

zinc - functions

involved in _____; and also in fetal development

A

sperm production

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16
Q

zinc - absorption and metabolism

absorbed in the _____, and is carried into the blood and goes to the pancreas where it is used in the formation of some digestive enzymes

A

small intestine

17
Q

zinc - absorption and metabolism

the absorbed zinc binds to _____, a sulfur-rich protein that binds with metals such as zinc

A

metallothionein

18
Q

zinc - absorption and metabolism

binds with another protein (_____ protein) to transport the mineral to the blood

A

cysteine-rich intestinal

19
Q

zinc - absorption and metabolism

zinc that is carried within blood plasma is bound with different carrier proteins such as _____

A

albumin and transferrin

20
Q

zinc - absorption and metabolism

_____ takes up some 30-40% of absorbed zinc, while the rest is distributed throughout the different organs and tissues

A

liver

21
Q

zinc - absorption and metabolism

zinc loss from the body is via (3)

A

body surface, kidney, and gi tract

22
Q

zinc - absorption and metabolism

most of the zinc is excreted in the

A

feces

23
Q

zinc - interrelationship with other nutrients

zinc2 absorption is impaired by the following divalent cations: cd2+, cu2+, ca2+, fe2+

A

-

24
Q

zinc - interrelationship with other nutrients

the cations compete with one another for:

facilitating binding ligands in the intestinal cells
receptor sites in the erythrocytes
intracellular binding ligands within mucosal cells

A

-

25
Q

zinc - deficiency

individuals consuming unprocessed or minimally processed diets consisting of _____ or _____ and very minimal animal-source foods are at a greater risk for zinc deficiency

A

unrefined whole grains or unleavened whole bread

26
Q

zinc - deficiency

symptoms:

-hair loss
-dermatitis and skin changes
-growth and retardation
-impaired taste acuity
-delayed wound healing
-decreased dark adaptation (night blindness)
-immunologic abnormalities
-delayed sexual maturity

A

zinc deficiency

27
Q

zinc - toxicity

prolonged intake of zinc supplements results to:
-zinc-induced copper deficiency anemia
-depressed levels of wbc
-increased low-density lipoprotein and decreased high-intensity lipoprotein cholesterol
-decreased serum ferritin and hematocrit levels

A

-

28
Q

zinc - recommended intake

for adults (19 - >70 y/o) males

A

6.5 mg

29
Q

zinc - recommended intake

for adults (19 - >70 y/o) females

A

4.6 mg

30
Q

zinc - recommended intake

for pregnant

A

+5.1

31
Q

zinc - recommended intake

for lactating

A

+7.0

32
Q

zinc - food sources

animal foods readily absorbed than plant foods

meat, some shellfish, poultry, fish, grains, and vegetables

A

-

NBCD (89 decks)

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