Chapter 10: Micromineral (Fluoride)

Question 1

normally present in small amounts; in greatest concentration (99%) bones and teeth

Answer 1

fluoride

Question 2

fluoride - functions

involved in the mineralization of _____ (2) the formation of hydroxyapatite

Answer 2

bones and teeth

Question 3

fluoride - absorption

almost completely absorbed from the

Answer 3

stomach and small intestine (gi tract)

Question 4

fluoride - absorption

carried in the blood in an organic form, non-ionic, and as ionic fluoride

Answer 4

-

Question 5

fluoride - absorption

excreted via the _____, which accounts for about 90% of total excretion

Answer 5

urine

Question 6

fluoride - absorption

remaining fluoride is eliminated in the _____ with minor losses in sweat

Answer 6

feces

Question 7

fluoride - interrelationship with other nutrients

aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and chloride reduce the uptake and utilization of fluoride

Answer 7

-

Question 8

fluoride - interrelationship with other nutrients

_______ and ____ increase the uptake of fluoride

Answer 8

phosphate and sulfate

Question 9

fluoride - deficiency

susceptibility to

Answer 9

tooth decay

Question 10

fluoride - toxicity

mottled enamel due to high doses of fluoride

Answer 10

fluorosis

Question 11

fluoride - toxicity

other toxicity symptoms include nausea, diarrhea, chest pains, itching, and vomiting

Answer 11

-

Question 12

fluoride - recommended intake

for males (16->70 y/o)

Answer 12

3.0 mg

Question 13

fluoride - recommended intake

for females (16->70 y/o)

Answer 13

2.6 mg

Question 14

fluoride - food sources

drinking water (if fluoridated or fluoride-containing h2o), tea, seafoods, and marine fish are common sources

Answer 14

fluoride