Chapter 10: Macromineral (Sodium)

Question 1

about 50% of the total body sodium is found in the _____

Answer 1

extracellular fluids

Question 2

40% of sodium is found in the

Answer 2

skeleton

Question 3

10% of sodium is found in the

Answer 3

cells

Question 4

sodium - function

maintenance of normal _____

Answer 4

extracellular fluid balance

Question 5

sodium - function

maintenance of normal _____ value of extracellular fluids

Answer 5

pH

Question 6

sodium - function

needed in the absorption of _____ and in the transport of nutrients

Answer 6

glucose

Question 7

sodium - function

aids in _____ and _____

Answer 7

nerve impulse transmission and muscular contraction

Question 8

sodium - absorption and metabolism

absorbed in the _____ and is transported by the blood throughout the body

Answer 8

small intestine

Question 9

sodium - absorption and metabolism

blood passes the _____ and is filtered out and then partially reabsorbed into the blood to maintain normal blood sodium levels

Answer 9

kidneys

Question 10

sodium - absorption and metabolism

concentration of sodium in the _____ is determined by renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) ad sympathetic nervous system

Answer 10

extracellular fluid

Question 11

sodium - absorption and metabolism

concentration of sodium in the extracellular fluid is determined by _____ (2)

Answer 11

renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) ad sympathetic nervous system

Question 12

sodium - absorption and metabolism

aside from urinary losses, sodium is also lost via the _____

Answer 12

skin

Question 13

sodium - food sources

salt, soy sauce, and processed foods

naturally occurring sodium include milk, milk products, mat, fish (ocean fish), seafood, poultry, eggs

Answer 13

sodium na food sources

Question 14

sodium - deficiency

heavy sweating or diuretic therapy can deplete body sodium resulting in _____ (low sodium blood levels)

Answer 14

hyponatremia

Question 15

sodium - deficiency

muscle cramps, loss of appetite, persistent vomiting or diarrhea, anorexia, mental apathy/confusion, coma

Answer 15

sodium deficiency

Question 16

sodium - toxicity

high sodium intake has not been proven harmful since the body excreted it readily in the urine

signs of _____ can manifest if chronic intake of excessive sodium is accompanied by inadequate fluid intake and increased loss of water in the body

Answer 16

hypernatremia

Question 17

sodium - recommended intake

for 10-12 years old male and female

Answer 17

400 mg

Question 18

sodium - recommended intake

for 13 - >70 years old male and female

Answer 18

500 mg