Chapter 10: Macromineral (Magnesium) Flashcards
half of the body’s magnesium is in the _____ and _____
bones and teeth
half of the body’s magnesium is in the bones and teeth, the rest is found in the _____
muscles
1% is found in the _____
extracellular fluids
magnesium - function
involved in _____
bone mineralization
magnesium - function
_____ is needed for the activation of thiokinases used in fatty acid oxidation as well as amino acid synthesis
atp metabolism
magnesium - function
synthesis of dna/rna, proteins, fats, and glucose and cells’ transport systems
-
magnesium - function
muscle contraction, clotting, immune function, nerve transmission of impulses, maintenance of cell membrane and neuromuscular tranmission
magnesium
magnesium - function
prevents _____
dental carries
magnesium - absorption and metabolism
absorption of mg from food ranges from 20-70%
-
magnesium - absorption and metabolism
absorption occurs by _____ at low concentrations
active transport
magnesium - absorption and metabolism
absorption occurs by _____ at high concentrations
passive transport
magnesium - absorption and metabolism
absorption site of magnesium (2)
jejunum and ileum
magnesium - absorption and metabolism
transported by specific carrier and _____ -sensitive transport system
vitamin d
magnesium - absorption and metabolism
rate of absorption is decreased by the same factors that affect calcium
consuming large amounts of (2)
phytates or oxalates
magnesium - absorption and metabolism
absorption is influenced by _____
pth
magnesium - recommended intake
for adults (19 - >70 y/o) males
240 mg
magnesium - recommended intake
for adults (19 - >70 y/o) females
210 mg
magnesium - recommended intake
for pregnant
+0
magnesium - recommended intake
for lactating
+50
magnesium - recommended intake
based on a _____ mg/kg body wt/day for adults to achieve a positive magnesium balance
4 mg
magnesium - deficiency
symptoms associated with low plasma Mg levels; irritability, nervousness, and convulsions due to overstimulated nerves and increased muscular contractions
low magnesium tetany
magnesium - deficiency
results in (2)
hypocalcemia and hypokalemia
magnesium - deficiency
affects gi, neuromuscular, cardiovascular, and hematologic systems
dysphagia, anemia, cardiac arrhythmias, tremors, weakness, failure to thrive, and psychiatric disturbances may be present
-
magnesium - deficiency
Mg deficiency _____ occurs because of the efficiency in which the kidneys reabsorb the mineral
rarely
organ that reabsorbs magnesium that results to less deficiency of the mineral
kidney
magnesium - conditions and populations with increased risk of deficiency
vomiting, diarrhea, alcoholism, protein malnutrition, diuretic use, malabsorption, diabetes, parathyroid disease, stress, post-surgical patients
-
magnesium - toxicity
patients with _____ receiving high doses of magnesium due to the decreased ability to metabolize and excrete magnesium
renal failure
magnesium - toxicity
nausea, vomiting, flushing may manifest
severe causes: paralysis, cardiac arrest, death
mg toxicity
magnesium - interrelationship with other nutrients
mg is antagonistic to _____ (competes with absorption)
calcium
magnesium - interrelationship with other nutrients
mg can influence the balance between _____ and _____ K
the mechanism of action is still unclear
intracellular and extracellular
magnesium - food sources
found in fruits, legumes, whole grains, dark green leafy vegetables, seafood, chocolate, cocoa
magnesium sources
