Chapter 10: Micromineral (Selenium)

Question 1

one of the body’s antioxidant nutrients, protecting the body against oxidative stress

Answer 1

selenium

Question 2

found in minute amounts of the body, concentrated, and other glandular organs, blood, and muscles

Answer 2

-

Question 3

two forms of selenium present in food are

Answer 3

selenomethionine
selenocysteine

Question 4

selenomethionine is synthesized by

Answer 4

plants

Question 5

selenocysteine is synthesized by

Answer 5

animals

Question 6

selenium - functions

as part of the enzyme _____, it catalyzes the breakdown of toxic hydroperoxidases, making the mineral an essential component of the body’s antioxidant defense system

Answer 6

glutathione peroxidase

Question 7

selenium - functions

works with _____ to reduce free radicals that are generated through cellular processes

Answer 7

vitamin e

Question 8

selenium - functions

also regulates thyroid hormone and oxidative reductions of vitamin c

Answer 8

-

Question 9

selenium - absorption and metabolism

bound to proteins (globulins and lipoproteins)

Answer 9

-

Question 10

selenium - absorption and metabolism

taken up by the rbc, liver, heart, spleen, nails, and tooth enamel

Answer 10

-

Question 11

selenium - absorption and metabolism

major routs of se excretion are _____ (50-60% of total amount excreted) and _____ (40-50% total excreted)

Answer 11

urinary; fecal

Question 12

absorption site of selenium

Answer 12

duodenum and caecum

Question 13

selenium - interrelationship with other nutrients

Se is a _____ sparer

Answer 13

vitamin e

Question 14

selenium - interrelationship with other nutrients

Se protects against toxicity of Cd (Cadmium), Hg (Mercury), and Ag (Silver)

Answer 14

-

Question 15

selenium - interrelationship with other nutrients

the potency of _____ is reduced in methionine deficiency

Answer 15

selenomethionine

Question 16

selenium - deficiency

clinical manifestations include pain and weakness, cardiomyopathy, and a loss of pigmentation (pseudo-albinism)

Answer 16

symptoms - selenium deficiency

Question 17

selenium - deficiency

is a selenium deficiency related to low selenium intakes

this condition causes hear enlargement

Answer 17

keshan disease or kashin-beck disease

Question 18

selenium - deficiency

keshan disease is also known as

Answer 18

kashin-beck disease

Question 19

selenium - toxicity

loss of hair and nails, “garlic breath” odor, dental caries and dermatitis, peripheral neuropathy

irritability and fatigue, lesions of the skin and the nervous system

Answer 19

se toxicity

Question 20

selenium - toxicity

can be caused by an excessive intake of Se usually provided in the supplement

Se is toxic at levels 20-30 times the requirement

Answer 20

selenosis-selenium poisoning

Question 21

selenium - recommended intake

for adults (19->70 y/o) for males

Answer 21

38 ug

Question 22

selenium - recommended intake

for adults (19->70 y/o) for females

Answer 22

33 ug

Question 23

selenium - recommended intake

for pregnant

Answer 23

33 +4

Question 24

selenium - recommended intake

for lactating

Answer 24

33 +9

Question 25

selenium - food sources

seafoods, liver, meats, whole grain, and dairy products

Answer 25

food sources