6.2 - Acute leukemia

Question 1

acute leukemia is defined as accumulation of more than ____% blasts in the bone marrow

Answer 1

20%

Question 2

in ALL, lymphoblasts are characterized by positive nuclear staining for what marker? what is its role?

Answer 2

TdT (DNA polymerase)

Question 3

TdT is absent in what cell types?

Answer 3

myeloid blasts and mature lymphocytes

Question 4

which type of ALL?

• CD10
• CD19
• CD20

Answer 4

B-ALL

Question 5

which type of ALL?

• CD2-8 (variable)
• ABSENCE of CD10

Answer 5

T-ALL

Question 6

myeloblasts are characterized by positive cytoplasmic staining for ____________

Answer 6

MPO

Question 7

what are auer rods? in which type of cancer are they seen?

Answer 7

• crystal aggregates of MPO

- AML

Question 8

acute promyelocytic anemia is characterized by what translocation?

Answer 8

t(15, 17): RAR chromosome 17 to chromosome 15

Question 9

how do Auer rods increase the risk for DIC?

Answer 9

auer rods activate the coagulation cascade

Question 10

what is the treatment for APL?

Answer 10

ATRA

Question 11

t(15, 17): RAR chromosome 17 to chromosome 15

Answer 11

acute promyelocytic anemia

Question 12

a patient presents gum infiltrations and has a proliferation of monoblasts - diagnosis?

Answer 12

acute monocytic leukemia

Question 13

how does ALL differ from acute megakaryoblastic leukemia?

Answer 13

both are associated with down syndrome:

• ALL: presents AFTER age 5
• acute myelokaryoblastic leukemia: presents BEFORE age 5

Question 14

what are the subtypes of AML?

Answer 14

• acute promyelocytic leukemia
• acute monocytic leukemia
• acute megakaryoblastic leukemia